Wikipedia

Third-party and independent candidates for the 2024 United States presidential election

This article lists third party and independent candidates, also jointly known as minor candidates, associated with the 2024 United States presidential election.

Third-party and independent candidates for the 2024 United States presidential election
← 2020
2028 →
 
Nominee Jill Stein Robert F. Kennedy Jr. (withdrawn) Chase Oliver
Party Green[a][b] Independent[c] Libertarian[d]
Alliance Kentucky American Independent
Natural Law[f]
Delaware Independent
Reform (withdrawn)
Alliance[g] (withdrawn) 		Liberal[e]
Home state Massachusetts New York Georgia
Running mate Butch Ware Nicole Shanahan Mike ter Maat
Popular vote 868,945 757,371 650,120
Percentage 0.55% 0.49% 0.42%
 
Nominee Claudia De la Cruz Cornel West Peter Sonski
Party Socialism and Liberation[h] Independent[i] American Solidarity[j]
Alliance Peace and Freedom
South Carolina Workers 		Unity[k]
United Citizens
Oregon Progressive
Legal Marijuana Now[l]
Aurora
Green Mountain Peace and Justice
Home state New York California Connecticut
Running mate Karina Garcia Melina Abdullah Lauren Onak
Popular vote 167,588 84,040 46,370
Percentage 0.11% 0.05% 0.03%
 
Nominee Randall Terry Shiva Ayyadurai Richard Duncan
Party Constitution[m][n] Independent Independent
Alliance Oregon Constitution
Home state Tennessee Massachusetts Ohio
Running mate Stephen Broden Crystal Ellis Mitch Bupp
Popular vote 41,412 28,560 12,806
Percentage 0.03% 0.02% 0.01%

"Third party" is a term commonly used in the United States in reference to political parties other than the Democratic and Republican parties. An independent candidate is one not affiliated with any political party.

24 candidates were listed on the ballot in at least one state and over 100 candidates were registered as a write-in candidate in at least one state.[1]

Results

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Third-party and independent candidates received 2.13% of the vote in the 2024 election, totaling over three million votes.[2] This is slightly more than the 2020 United States presidential election, when third party candidates received 1.86%.[3]

Green Party nominee Jill Stein received the most votes of any third-party candidate, receiving 868,945 votes (0.55%). She received 1.09% of the vote in Maryland, her best state by percentage. Stein also received over one percent of the vote in Maine and California. This was also the first election since 2000 that the Green Party finished third nationwide, and the first since 2008 that the Libertarian Party failed to.

Withdrawn independent candidate Robert F. Kennedy Jr. received 757,371 votes (0.49%). Kennedy's 1.96% in Montana was the highest statewide vote share of any third-party candidate. Kennedy also received over one percent of the vote in Alaska, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Oregon, South Dakota, Vermont, Washington, and West Virginia.

Libertarian candidate Chase Oliver received 650,120 votes (0.42%). He was the only third-party candidate to be on the ballot or a registered write-in candidate in every state + D.C. Oliver received 1.69% in North Dakota, his best state by percentage. Oliver also received over one percent of the vote in Utah and Wyoming.

No other candidate reached one percent of the vote in any state. "None of these candidates" received 19,625 votes (1.32%) in Nevada.

Party for Socialism and Liberation nominee, Claudia De la Cruz received 167,588 votes (0.11%). De la Cruz nearly doubled the PSL's 2020 total, and won the most votes received by a candidate running on an explicitly socialist presidential ticket since the Socialist Party's Norman Thomas in 1936.

Show/hide: [presidential candidates] [vice presidential candidates] [parties] [ballot access]

2024 United States presidential election results[4]
Presidential candidate Donald Trump Kamala Harris Jill Stein Robert F Kennedy Jr. Chase Oliver Claudia De la Cruz Cornel West Peter Sonski Randall Terry Shiva Ayyadurai
Vice presidential candidate JD Vance Tim Walz Butch Ware Nicole Shanahan Mike ter Maat Karina Garcia Melina Abdullah Lauren Onak Stephen Broden Crystal Ellis
Party or label[o] Republican Democratic Green Independent Libertarian PSL[p] indep. American Solidarity Constitution indep.
EV access Ballot 538 538 420 283 477 220 132 74 133 57
Total 538 538 488 309 538 473 366 474 181 371
State/DC EV 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Others Total votes
Alabama[5] 9 1,462,616 77,412 4,319 12,075 4,930 [q] [q] [q] [q] [q] 8,738 2,265,090
Alaska[6] 3 184,458 140,026 2,340 5,670 3,040 1,127 702 812 0 337,733
Arizona[7] 11 1,770,242 1,582,860 18,319 17,898 689 77 8,041 3,398,196
Arkansas[8] 6 759,241 396,905 4,275 13,255 5,715 2,141 1,182,676
California[9] 54 6,081,697 9,276,179 167,645 197,645 66,662 72,539 2,924 2,877 15,868,168
Colorado[10] 10 1,377,441 1,728,159 17,344 35,623 21,439 905 5,149 910 3,522 15 3,192,745
Connecticut[11] 7 736,110 990,946 14,273 8,438 6,722 257 127 162 20 1,757,061
Delaware[12] 3 214,351 289,758 914 4,636 2,038 87 96 98 37 512,912
D. of Columbia[13] 3 21,076 294,185 2,778 [q] [q] [q] [q] 7,830 325,869
Florida[14] 30 6,110,125 4,683,038 43,155 31,972 11,969 7,454 5,834 199 10,893,752
Georgia[15] 16 2,663,117 2,548,017 18,229 20,684 376 424 730 37 5,251,705
Hawaii[16] 4 193,661 313,044 4,387 2,733 1,940 936 516,701
Idaho[17] 4 605,246 274,972 3,873 12,812 4,462 1,230 239 1,026 514 905,954
Illinois[18] 19 2,449,079 3,062,863 31,023 80,426 3,510 2,877 1,569 1,391 42 1,122 5,634,432
Indiana[19] 11 1,720,347 1,163,603 29,325 20,425 832 722 1,347 945 2,937,622
Iowa[20] 6 927,019 707,278 [q] 13,122 7,218 1,427 [q] 195[q] [q] 424 6,657 1,663,701
Kansas[21] 6 758,802 544,853 850 16,322 7,614 88 52 569 5 289 1,329,447
Kentucky[22] 8 1,337,494 704,043 7,566 16,769 6,422 391 177 611 1,015 2,074,513
Louisiana[23] 8 1,208,505 766,870 7,138 6,641 6,835 1,481 2,623 2,240 1,424 2,006,975
Maine[24] 4 377,837 435,351 8,973 5,304 308 2,943 65 22 2,026 832,831
Maryland[25] 10 1,035,550 1,902,577 33,134 28,819 15,570 1,136 918 1,012 31 19,394 3,038,344
Massachusetts[26] 11 1,251,303 2,126,518 26,545 17,735 12,889 243 280 18,418 19,693 3,473,624
Michigan[27] 15 2,816,636 2,736,533 44,607 26,785 22,440 458 6,664 1,212 6,509 11,840 5,676,026
Minnesota[28] 10 1,519,032 1,656,979 16,275 24,001 15,155 2,996 3,136 882 2,885 12,035 3,253,920
Mississippi[29] 6 747,744 466,668 1,873 5,387 2,536 1,075 1,007 1,030 688 1,228,008
Missouri[30] 10 1,751,986 1,200,599 17,135 23,876 618 1,069 34 2,995,327
Montana[31] 4 352,079 231,906 2,878 11,825 4,275 21 602,984
Nebraska[32] 5 564,816 369,995 2,887 6,399 3,062 947,273
Nevada[33] 6 751,205 705,197 6,059 1,484,840
New Hampshire[34] 4 395,523 418,488 3,680 331 4,425 139 56 159 21 13 1,438 826,152
New Jersey[35] 14 1,968,215 2,220,713 39,041 23,479 10,500 5,105 434[q] 385[q] 3,024 49[q] 7,738 4,285,271
New Mexico[36] 5 423,391 478,802 4,611 9,553 3,745 2,442 923,403
New York[37] 28 3,578,899 4,619,195 46,698 5,338 6,327 4,152 1,544 134 46,404 8,308,899
North Carolina[38] 16 2,898,423 2,715,375 24,762 22,125 528 12,099 6,863 30 18,936 5,699,141
North Dakota[39] 3 246,505 112,327 6,227 [q] [q] [q] 18,936 5,699,141
Ohio[40] 17 3,180,116 2,533,699 5,304 28,200 1,794 852 10,197 74 5,773,087
Oklahoma[41] 7 1,036,213 499,599 16,020 9,198 1,566,173
Oregon[42] 8 919,480 1,240,600 19,099 33,733 9,061 [q] 5,644 [q] 1,850 [q] 15,026 2,244,493
Pennsylvania[43] 19 3,543,308 3,423,042 34,538 619 33,318 478 386 829 93 30 10,486 7,049,935
Rhode Island[44] 4 214,406 285,156 2,900 5,045 1,617 1,176 [q] [q] [q] [q] 2,727 513,386
South Carolina[45] 9 1,483,747 1,028,452 8,117 12,669 3,059 6,744 5,352 2,548,140
South Dakota[46] 3 272,081 146,859 7,204 2,778 428,922
Tennessee[47] 11 1,966,865 1,056,265 8,967 21,535 [q] 3,457 [q] [q] 3,063,942
Texas[48] 40 6,393,597 4,835,250 82,701 68,557 2,374 1,858 3,780 433 11,388,674
Utah[49] 6 883,818 562,566 8,222 16,873 3,189 2,199 441 1,488,466
Vermont[50] 3 119,395 235,791 898 5,905 1,828 1,710 1,549 55 7 11 228 368,708
Virginia[51] 13 2,075,085 2,335,395 34,888 19,814 8,410 8,984 32 4,482,794
Washington[52] 12 1,530,923 2,245,849 29,754 54,868 16,428 8,695 7,254 [q] 3,323 25,408 3,924,243
West Virginia[53] 4 533,556 214,309 2,531 8,947 3,047 73[q] 39[q] 63[q] [q] 10[q] 209 762,785
Wisconsin[54] 10 1,697,626 1,668,229 12,275 17,740 10,511 2,035 2,753 647 4,044 1,114 3,416,987
Wyoming[55] 3 192,633 69,527 [q] [q] 4,193 [q] [q] [q] [q] [q] 2,695 269,048
Total 538 77,302,620 75,017,822 868,945 757,371 650,120 167,588 84,040 46,370 41,412 28,560 231,219 155,288,370
Legend
Listed on ballot
Registered as write-in candidate
Write-in candidates allowed without registration
Not a candidate in the state/DC

General election candidates

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Candidates with majority ballot access

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See also: Ballot access in the 2024 United States presidential election

The following general election candidates currently have ballot access to at least 270 electoral votes (EV), the minimum number required to win the electoral college. Ballot access deadlines vary from state to state.

Party
 Presidential nominee Vice presidential nominee Campaign States with ballot access
 
Chase Oliver
Nominee for U.S. Senator from Georgia in 2022 and sales executive from Georgia 		 
Mike ter Maat
Former economist at Office of Management and Budget and police officer from Florida 		 

Website Campaign
FEC filings[57]
Additional party nominations:
Libertarian Association of Massachusetts (MA)[u]
Listed as an independent in:
AL
 
  Certified for ballot (47 states, 477 electors)[i]
  Registered write-in (3 states + D.C., 61 electors)[ii]
 
Jill Stein
Nominee for U.S. President in 2012 and 2016 from Massachusetts 		 


Butch Ware[v]
Academic from California

 
Website Campaign
FEC filings[59]
Additional party nominations:
Kentucky Party (KY)
Listed as an independent in:
AL, AK, ID, NE, OH, TN
 
  Certified for ballot (37 states, 420 electors)[iii]
  Registered write-in (Four states, 56 electors)[iv]
  Automatic write-in (Three states, 12 electors)[v]
  On ballot, votes will not count (One state, 17 electors)[vi]
  Not on ballot

Candidates with majority ballot or write-in access

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The following candidates will have either ballot or write-in access to more than 270 electoral votes (EV), the minimum number required to attain the presidency.

See also: Ballot access in the 2024 United States presidential election
Party
 Presidential nominee Vice presidential nominee Campaign States with ballot access
 
Claudia De la Cruz
Activist from New York 		 
Karina Garcia
Activist from California 		 
Website Campaign
FEC filings[63]
Additional party nominations:
South Carolina Workers Party (SC)
Peace and Freedom Party (CA)
Listed as an independent in:
ID, GA, MS, UT, TN, VA
 
  Certified for ballot (19 states, 220 electors)[vii]
  Registered write-in (18 states + D.C., 225 electors)[viii]
  Automatic write-in (Five states, 43 electors)[ix]
  On ballot, votes will not count (One state, 16 electors)[x]
  Not on ballot
 Cornel West
Academic and activist from California 		 
Melina Abdullah
Academic and activist from California 		 
Website Campaign
FEC filings[66]
Additional party nominations:
Aurora Party (AK)
Oregon Progressive Party (OR)
United Citizens Party (SC)
Unity Party of Colorado[w] (CO)
Green Mountain Peace and Justice Party (VT)
Nebraska Legal Marijuana NOW Party (NE)
Justice For All Party (LA, ME, MN, NC, WA, WI)
 
  Certified for ballot (15 states, 132 electors)[xi]
  Registered write-in (13 states, 175 electors)[xii]
  Automatic write-in (Seven states, 59 electors)[xiii]
  On ballot, votes will not count (One state, 16 electors)[xiv]
  Not on ballot

Peter Sonski
Local politician and museum director from Connecticut
Lauren Onak
Teacher and non-profit executive from Massachusetts 		 
Website Campaign
June 13, 2023
FEC filings[70]
Listed as an independent in:
MS, OH
 
  Certified for ballot (Seven states, 74 electors)[xv]
  Registered write-in (26 states, 330 electors)[xvi]
  Automatic write-in (Nine states, 70 electors)[xvii]
  Not on ballot
 
Shiva Ayyadurai
Entrepreneur from Massachusetts[x] 		 
Crystal Ellis
Entrepreneur and Activist from Nebraska 		 
Website
September 4, 2023
FEC filings[71]
 
  Certified for ballot (Seven states, 57 electors)[xviii]
  Registered write-in (19 states + D.C., 254 electors)[xix]
  Automatic write-in (Eight states, 64 electors)[xx]
  Not on ballot

Candidates with partial ballot access

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The following general election candidates will have ballot access to fewer than 270 electoral votes, the minimum number required to attain the presidency.

See also: Ballot access in the 2024 United States presidential election
Party
 Presidential nominee Vice presidential nominee Campaign States with ballot access
 
Randall Terry
Activist and perennial candidate from Tennessee 		 
Stephen Broden
Pastor and political commentator from Texas 		 
Website Campaign
FEC filings[74]
Additional party nominations:
Constitution Party of Oregon (OR)[y]
Listed as an independent in:
ID
 
  Certified for ballot (12 states, 133 electors)[xxi]
  Automatic write-in (Seven states, 48 electors)[xxii]
  Not on ballot
  Rejected by state party (Four states, 19 electors)[xxiii]
Rachele Fruit
Hotel worker and perennial candidate from Florida 		Dennis Richter[z]
Activist from Minnesota 		 
Website
March 4, 2024
Listed as an independent in:
TN
 
  Certified for ballot (Six states, 58 electors)[xxiv]
  Automatic write-in (Seven states, 53 electors)[xxv]
  Not on ballot
 
Joseph Kishore
Writer and Socialist Equality Party National Secretary from New Jersey 		 
Jerry White
Perennial candidate and editor from New York 		 
Website
February 27, 2024
FEC filings[82]
Listed as an independent in:
MI
 
  Certified for ballot (Three states, 41 electors)[xxvi]
  Registered write-in (Five states, 60 electors)[xxvii]
  Automatic write-in (Eight states, 56 electors)[xxviii]
  Not on ballot
 
Richard Duncan
Perennial candidate from Ohio 		Mitch Bupp
Perennial candidate from Ohio 		Website
 
  Certified for ballot (One state, 17 electors)[xxix]
  Automatic write-in (Nine states, 70 electors)[xxx]
  Not on ballot
 
Joel Skousen
Survivalist and consultant from Utah 		 
Rik Combs
Businessman and 2020 Libertarian nominee for governor from Missouri 		Website
May 6, 2024
 
  Certified for ballot (Three states, 16 electors)[xxxi]
  Registered write-in (Two states, 23 electors)[xxxii]
  Automatic write-in (Nine states, 70 electors)[xxxiii]
  Not on ballot
 
Jay Bowman
Small business owner and activist from Kentucky 		 
De Bowman
Activist and brother of Jay Bowman from Utah 		Website
July 3, 2024
FEC filings[83]
 
  Certified for ballot (One state, 11 electors)[xxxiv]
  Registered write-in (Six states, 74 electors)[xxxv]
  Automatic write-in (Nine states, 70 electors)[xxxvi]
  Not on ballot
Blake Huber
AVP nominee for President in 2020 from Colorado 		Andrea Denault
Activist and political consultant from North Dakota 		 
Website
March 16, 2024
 
  Certified for ballot (One state, 10 electors)[xxxvii]
  Automatic write-in (Nine states, 70 electors)[xxxviii]
  Not on ballot
Godliness, Truth, Justice Party
 Mattie Preston
Evangelist from Louisiana 		Shannel Conner
Welder from Texas
Website
January 6, 2023
FEC filings[85]
 
  Certified for ballot (One state, eight electors)[xxxix]
  Automatic write-in (Nine states, 70 electors)[xl]
  Not on ballot
 
Chris Garrity
Former Army Ranger and Environmentalist from New Hampshire 		Cody Ballard
Former Army Ranger and Assistant State Attorney
from Maryland
Website
June 2, 2023
FEC filings[86]
 
  Certified for ballot (One state, seven electors)[xli]
  Registered write-in (Six states, 75 electors)[xlii]
  Automatic write-in (Nine states, 70 electors)[xliii]
  Not on ballot
Bill Stodden
Nonprofit executive from Indiana 		Stephanie Cholensky
Activist from Missouri 		Website
November 12, 2023
 
  Certified for ballot (One state, six electors)[xliv]
  Registered write-in (Two states, 13 electors)[xlv]
  Automatic write-in (Eight states, 64 electors)[xlvi]
  Not on ballot
Michael Wood
Businessman and Prohibition National Committee member from California 		John Pietrowski
Prohibition National Committee member from Ohio 		Website
July 5, 2023
FEC filings[88]
 
  Certified for ballot (One state, six electors)[xlvii]
  Automatic write-in (Nine states, 70 electors)[xlviii]
  Not on ballot
 
Lucifer "Justin Case" Everylove
Activist from New Hampshire 		None Website
 
  Certified for ballot (One state, six electors)[xlix]
  Automatic write-in (Nine states, 70 electors)[l]
  Not on ballot
 
Laura Ebke
Former State Legislator from Nebraska 		Trisha Butler
Chair of the Liberal Party USA and former Clarksville city councilor from Tennessee
 
  Certified for ballot (One state, five electors)[li]
  Automatic write-in (Nine states, 70 electors)[lii]
  Not on ballot
  Rejected by state party (One state, 11 electors)[liii]
 
Robby Wells

Former college football coach from Georgia

 
Tony Jones

Entrepreneur and college professor from Rhode Island

 
Website
FEC filings[92]
 
  Certified for ballot (One state, four electors)[liv]
  Registered write-in (One states, 12 electors)[lv]
  Automatic write-in (Eight states, 66 electors)[lvi]
  Not on ballot
 
Vermin Supreme
Performance artist and perennial candidate from Massachusetts 		Jonathan Realz
Actor and writer from Alabama 		Website
August 8, 2024
FEC filings[95]
Additional Party Nominations:
Conservative Party of Delaware (DE)
 
  Certified for ballot (One state, three electors)[lvii]
  Automatic write-in (Nine states, 70 electors)[lviii]
  Not on ballot

Withdrawn candidates with ballot access

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Party
 Presidential nominee Vice presidential nominee Campaign Withdrew States with ballot access
 Robert F. Kennedy Jr.
Attorney and activist from New York 		Nicole Shanahan
Attorney and technologist from California 		 
Website Campaign
FEC filings[100]
Additional party nominations:
We the People Party (IA, IN, LA, MN, OR, VT, WA, WI)
American Independent Party (CA)
Natural Law Party of Michigan[aa] (MI)
Independent Party of Delaware (DE)
Team Kennedy Party (RI) 		August 23, 2024 (endorsed Trump)
Withdrawn party nominations:
We the People Party (HI, MA, NC, PA)
Alliance Party (SC)
Reform Party (FL)
 
  Certified for ballot (30 states + D.C., 283 electors)[lix]
  Automatic write-in (Three states, 26 electors)[lx]
  Not on ballot
  Removed name from ballot (19 states, 227 electors)[lxi]

Candidates without ballot access

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Parties and candidates in this section have not attained ballot access in any states, yet are running as declared write-ins in various states.

Notable independents:

Nominating processes

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Yard signs in Southington, Connecticut promoting third-party 2024 candidates.

Schedule

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Third-party nomination schedule
Date Party nomination event
May 9, 2023 Prohibition Party presidential nominating convention
June 1, 2023 American Solidarity Party online primary
April 6, 2024 Unity Party of America nominating convention
April 13, 2024 Unity Party of Colorado[ab] nominating convention
April 17, 2024 Natural Law Party nominating convention
April 27, 2024 Constitution Party nominating convention
May 23, 2024 Reform National Convention
May 25, 2024 Constitution Party of Oregon nominating Convention
May 26, 2024 Libertarian National Convention
May 30, 2024 Approval Voting Party nominating convention
June 1, 2024 Pirate National Convention
June 23, 2024 Green Party of Alaska Nominating Meeting
August 3, 2024 Constitution Party of Idaho Nominating Convention[ac]
August 3, 2024 Peace and Freedom Party state central committee meeting
August 15, 2024 Green National Convention

Libertarian Party

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Main article: 2024 Libertarian Party presidential primaries

The Libertarian Party participated in multiple non-binding preference primaries in this election cycle. The party's presidential and vice presidential nominees were chosen directly by delegates at the 2024 Libertarian National Convention, held on Memorial Day weekend from May 24 to 26, 2024, in Washington, D.C.[112][113]

Prior to the LP 2024 National Convention, 38 candidates filed with the Federal Election Commission to run for the Libertarian Party presidential nomination in 2024.[114]

Nominee

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2024 Libertarian Party nominee
Name Born Experience Home state Campaign
Announcement date 		Contests
won 		Popular
vote 		Running
mate[ad] 		Ref.
 
Chase Oliver 		August 16, 1985
(age 39)
Nashville, Tennessee 		Nominee for U.S. Senator from Georgia in 2022
Candidate for GA-05 in 2020
Chair of the Atlanta Libertarian Party (2016–2017) 		  Georgia  
Campaign
Website
April 5, 2023
FEC filing[115] 		6
(IA, IN, AZ, OK, CT, NE) 		3,498 (8.6%) Mike ter Maat[116][ae] [118]

Eliminated at convention

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This section includes candidates who filed paperwork with the Federal Election Commission with intent to run under the Libertarian Party and who met one or more of the following criteria: a) meet Wikipedia's notability guidelines; b) participated in at least three Libertarian Party-sponsored debates; or c) received non-trivial media coverage as a candidate in this election cycle.

Eliminated in convention balloting
Candidate Born Experience Home state Campaign announced
Announcement date 		Campaign suspended
Suspension date 		Contests
won 		Popular
vote 		Ref.
No preference/
None of the above/
Uncommitted 		N/A May 26, 2024 (eliminated in seventh balloting) 2
(NC, MA) 		6,384 (15.7%) [119]
 
Michael
Rectenwald 		January 29, 1959
(age 65)
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 		Author and Scholar
Former New York University professor (2008–2019) 		  Pennsylvania  
August 28, 2023
FEC filing[120] 		May 26, 2024 (eliminated in sixth balloting) 2
(MS, AL) 		943 (2.3%) [121]

 
Mike ter Maat

June 20, 1961
(age 63)
Portland, Oregon 		Economist
Former Hallandale Beach, Florida police officer
Nominee for FL-20 in 2022 		  Virginia  
April 18, 2022
FEC filing[122] 		May 26, 2024 (eliminated during fifth balloting; endorsed Oliver during balloting)
(ran for vice-president) 		1
(PA) 		589 (1.5%)

 
Lars Mapstead

August 14, 1969
(age 55)
Monterey, California 		Co-founder of Friend Finder Networks
Founder of Fupa Games and Legendary Speed[123] 		  California  

March 23, 2021
FEC filing[124]
Running mate: Larry Sharpe[125]

May 26, 2024 (eliminated during fourth balloting; endorsed Oliver after his nomination) 2
(ME, NM) 		1,226 (3.0%) [126]

 
Joshua Smith

March 13, 1983
(age 41)
Antioch, California 		Vice Chair of the Libertarian National Committee
(2022–2023) 		  Iowa  

July 24, 2023
FEC filing[127]

May 26, 2024 (eliminated during third balloting) 1
(MN) 		416 (1.0%) [121]
 
Jacob Hornberger		 January 28, 1950
(age 74)
Laredo, Texas 		Founder and President of the Future of Freedom Foundation
Independent candidate for U.S. Senate from Virginia in 2002
Candidate for President in 2000 and 2020 		  Virginia  
February 20, 2023
FEC filing[128] 		May 26, 2024 (eliminated during second balloting) 0 2,043 (5.0%) [121]
 

Charles Ballay

January 1, 1970
(age 54)
New Orleans, Louisiana 		Otolaryngologist   Louisiana  
August 24, 2023
FEC filing[129] 		May 26, 2024 (eliminated during initial balloting; endorsed Oliver after his nomination) 1
(CA) 		22,337 (55.1%) [130]
 

Art Olivier

August 24, 1957
(age 67)
Lynwood, California 		Nominee for U.S. Vice President in 2000
Nominee for Governor of California in 2006
Mayor of Bellflower, California (1998–1999) 		  California  

December 11, 2023
FEC filing[131]

May 26, 2024 (eliminated during initial balloting) 0 5 (nil%) [132]


Withdrew before the primaries

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Former candidates in the 2024 Libertarian Party presidential primaries
Name Born Experience Home state Campaign
announced 		Campaign
suspended 		Campaign Ref.
 
Joe Exotic 		March 5, 1963
(age 60)
Garden City, Kansas 		Businessman and media personality
Owner of the Greater Wynnewood Exotic Animal Park (1998–2018)
Independent candidate for president in 2016
Candidate for Governor of Oklahoma in 2018 		  Texas March 10, 2023 April 11, 2023
(ran for the Democratic nomination)[133] 		 
FEC filing[134] 		[135]

Green Party

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Main article: 2024 Green Party presidential primaries

The Green Party is holding a series of presidential primaries through which convention delegates will be awarded to candidates and will nominate the party's presidential ticket at the 2024 Green National Convention,[136] which is scheduled to take place as a virtual event from August 15 to 18, 2024.[137]

The individuals listed below are declared candidates who have filed paperwork with the Federal Election Commission with intent to run under the Green Party and who meet one or more of the following criteria: a) meet Wikipedia's notability guidelines; b) have participated (or have been invited to participate) in at least two Green Party-sponsored debates or c) have received non-trivial media coverage as a candidate in this election cycle.

Green nominee for the 2024 presidential election
Name Born Experience Home state Campaign
Announcement date 		Contests won Delegates Popular vote Running mate Ref.
 
Jill Stein 		May 14, 1950
(age 74)
Chicago, Illinois 		Nominee for president in 2012 and 2016
Member of the Lexington Town Meeting from the 2nd Precinct
Activist 		  Massachusetts  
Campaign
November 9, 2023
FEC filing[138][139] 		20 (KS, PA, CA, IL, AZ, NY, WA, NV, TX, WI, CT, TN, OH, MD, NJ, NM, UT, WV, IN, DC) Pledged: 182 (91.9%)
Convention: 267 (91.1%) 		16,597 (96.5%) Butch Ware [140]
Other candidates in the 2024 Green Party presidential primaries
Name Born Experience Home state Campaign
Announcement date 		Contests won Delegates Popular vote Running mate Ref.
Other candidates formally recognized by GPUS[141]

Jasmine Sherman 		August 17, 1985
(age 39)
Queens, New York 		Executive Director of Greater Charlotte Rise   North Carolina  
February 18, 2022
FEC filing[142][143] 		None Pledged: 10 (5.1%)
Convention: 13 (4.5%) 		72 (0.4%) Tanda Blubear[144] [145][146]
 
Jorge Zevala 		unknown Businessman   California   October 13, 2023
FEC filing[147] 		None None 18 (0.1%) [145][146]
Alternate ballot options:
None of the above N/A 1 (MT) Pledged: 6 (2.5%)
Convention: 10 (3.4%) 		505 (2.9%)

Constitution Party

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Main article: 2024 Constitution Party presidential primaries

The Constitution Party held its presidential nominating convention on April 24–27, 2024, in Salt Lake City, Utah.[148][149]

Eight candidates sought the nomination:[150]

Jim Harvey of Georgia (who ultimately did not seek the nomination), Joel Skousen, and Randall Terry participated in an April 6 debate in Dearborn, Michigan.[154][155]

Terry won the nomination by securing a majority in the first round. The votes largely broke down along geographic lines. Skousen, who is from Utah, received all 61 votes from the delegations of the Four Corners states, but only 19 votes from the rest of the country combined. The only state delegations he carried outside of the region were New Hampshire and West Virginia. Venable won the majority of votes from South Carolina and his home state of Missouri and Daniel Cummings won a plurality in his home state of Wyoming. The remaining ten delegations were all won by Terry.[150]

Pastor and political commentator Stephen Broden, who was running on a ticket with Terry, received the vice presidential nomination via voice vote.[156]

Aside from the presidential nomination, much of the debate at the convention focused on an ultimately defeated amendment by Skousen to remove references to God from the party platform.[157]

2024 Constitution Party Presidential Nomination Vote
Candidate Votes Percentage
Randall Terry 144 54.55%
Joel Skousen 80 30.30%
Paul Venable 32 12.12%
Daniel Cummings 4 1.52%
Brandon McIntyre 2 0.76%
Samm Tittle 2 0.76%
Louis C. Hook 0 0.00%
Ben Stewart 0 0.00%
Total: 264 100.00%
Source:[158][better source needed]
Constitution Party vice presidential nomination
Candidate Votes Percentage
Stephen Broden Nominated via Voice Vote
Source:[156]

The Constitution Party received 60,023 votes in the 2020 election.

The Nevada, Utah and Idaho[citation needed] state parties split from the national party and nominated Skousen.[159]


American Independent Party

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The American Independent Party held a non-binding presidential preference primary in California on March 5, 2024. James Bradley was the only candidate listed on the ballot and defeated Andrew George Rummel, who was a recognized write-in candidate.[160][161]

2024 California American Independent primary[162]
Candidate Votes Percentage
James Bradley 45,565 99.96%
Andrew George Rummel (write-in) 16 0.04%
Total: 45,581 100.0%

On April 29, 2024, the party announced that it had nominated independent presidential candidate Robert F. Kennedy Jr.[163][164]

edit
Main article: 2024 Minnesota Legal Marijuana Now presidential primary

The Legal Marijuana Now Party held its first-ever presidential nomination primary in Minnesota on Super Tuesday, March 5. This was the first presidential primary to be held in Minnesota for a third party since 1916.[165] Krystal Gabel withdrew from the race during Legal Marijuana Now Party's candidate filing discussions. When Gabel asked to be removed from the ballot, after early voting had started on January 19, 2024, the Minnesota Secretary of State's office stated that changes cannot be made to the list of candidates after the list was certified 63 days prior to the election, and Gabel's name remained on ballots.[166]

Five candidates appeared on the ballot:

Of Minnesota's three major political parties, all of which included a write in option for their 2024 nominating primaries, only the Legal Marijuana Now party submitted to the Secretary of State a write in name to be counted, singer-songwriter Willie Nelson.[168]

2024 Minnesota Legal Marijuana Now primary
Candidate Votes Percentage Delegates
Krystal Gabel (withdrawn) 759 28.84% -
Dennis Schuller 459 17.44% 7
Vermin Supreme 397 15.08% 6
Rudy Reyes 365 13.87% 5
Edward Forchion 168 6.38% 2
Willie Nelson (write-in) 19 0.72% 0
Other write-ins 465 17.67% -
Total: 2,632 100.00% 20
Source:[169]

Gabel won a plurality of the vote (28.8%), but withdrew ahead of the primary. Of declared candidates, Dennis Schuller finished in the lead, with 17.4%.[170] At the state convention in Bloomington on July 6, Schuller was later chosen as the presidential nominee, with Reyes as his running mate.[171] However, the party lost automatic ballot access in a May 2024 ruling by the Minnesota Supreme Court, meaning party officials would have to petition for ballot access.[172]

The party is also ballot-qualified in Nebraska, but no candidates qualified for the May 14 primary. Instead, the state affiliate party nominated Cornel West.[173]

Peace and Freedom Party

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Main article: 2024 United States presidential election in California § Peace and Freedom primary

The Peace and Freedom Party held a non-binding preference primary in California on Super Tuesday, March 5. Claudia De la Cruz, the nominee of the Party for Socialism and Liberation, won the primary with a plurality, defeating Jasmine Sherman and Cornel West.[174] The party's presidential nominee, chosen by the state central committee in August, is Claudia De la Cruz.[citation needed]

2024 California Peace and Freedom primary[175]
Candidate Votes Percentage
Claudia De la Cruz 6,430 47.0%
Cornel West 5,455 39.9%
Jasmine Sherman 1,795 13.1%
Total: 13,680 100.0%

American Solidarity Party

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The American Solidarity Party announced on June 2, 2023, that Peter Sonski had won their party's online primary, which lasted from May 24 to June 1. Sonski was nominated in the first round of ranked-choice voting with 52%. Sonski then selected Lauren Onak as his vice president, who was then officially nominated via unanimous consent.

American Solidarity Party presidential nomination
Candidate Votes Percentage
Peter Sonski 328 52.5%
Jacqueline Abernathy 207 33.1
Joe Schriner 50 8.0
Larry Johnson 24 3.8
Erskine Levi 16 2.6
Total: 625 100.00%
Source:[176]
American Solidarity Party vice presidential nomination
Candidate Votes Percentage
Lauren Onak Nominated via Unanimous Consent
Source:[177]

Approval Voting Party

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The Approval Voting Party received 409 votes for president in 2020.[178] It is currently only ballot-approved in Colorado.[179] On March 16, the party nominated Blake Huber for president and Andrea Denault for vice president.[180]

Green Mountain Peace and Justice

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The Green Mountain Peace and Justice Party is a regional ballot-qualified party in Vermont which has regularly nominated candidates for president since 1972.[181] It nominated Gloria La Riva, the PSL nominee, in 2020. She received 166 votes in Vermont.[178] On April 28, the party nominated independent candidate Cornel West for president.[182]

Natural Law Party

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The Michigan Natural Law Party held its nominating convention on April 17, 2024, where it nominated independent candidate Robert F. Kennedy Jr. for President and Nicole Shanahan for Vice President. Party chairman Doug Dern claimed fellow independent candidate Cornel West also sought the party's ballot access.[183] Kennedy later attempted to remove his name from the ballot in Michigan, but was blocked in courts.

In 2020, the Michigan party nominated Alliance Party nominee Rocky De La Fuente, who received 2,986 votes in Michigan.

The party is also presidential ballot-qualified in Florida. The Florida party did not nominate a candidate in the 2020 or the 2024 election.[184]

Prohibition Party

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The Prohibition Party held its presidential nominating convention on May 8–9, 2023, in Buffalo, New York. Three candidates stood for nomination; Michael Wood was nominated on the first ballot.[185]

Prohibition Party presidential nomination
Candidate Votes Percentage
Michael Wood 8 61.5%
Zack Kusnir 4 30.8%
Scott Baier 0 0.0%
Jay Rockefeller (write-in) 1 7.7%
Total: 13 100.00%
Source:[186]
Prohibition Party vice presidential nomination
Candidate Votes Percentage
John Petrowski Nominated via Unanimous Consent
Source:[186]

Unity Party

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The Bill Hammons-led faction of the Unity Party of America nominated Paul Noel Fiorino and Matthew May for president and vice president respectively at the 7th United National Convention over Google Meet on April 6, 2024.[187]

However, the Colorado faction of the party, which is the only state party with ballot access, met on April 13, 2024, and nominated independent candidate Cornel West for president and his running mate, Melina Abdullah for vice president.[188][189][better source needed]

Unity Party of Colorado Presidential Nomination
Candidate Percentage
Cornel West 95%
Paul Noel Fiorino 5%
Total: 100.00%
Source:[189]

Withdrew before convention:

The party is currently only ballot-approved in Colorado.[179] In 2020, party co-founder Bill Hammons was on the ballot in three states and received 6,647 votes.[178]


Alliance Party

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The Alliance Party received 88,236 votes for president in 2020.[178] It and its affiliates are ballot-qualified in Alaska, Connecticut, and South Carolina.[191][192][193]

The Alliance Party of South Carolina nominated Independent Robert F. Kennedy Jr. for its ballot line, but he later withdrew his name from the ballot in South Carolina.

Green Party of Alaska

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The Green Party of Alaska is unaffiliated with the Green Party of the United States and is not ballot-qualified in Alaska.[192] The party nominated Jesse Ventura for president in 2020 and received 2,673 votes.[194]

Jasmine Sherman and Tanda BluBear were nominated for president and vice president, respectively.[195][better source needed]

The party has hosted a series of debates featuring the following candidates seeking the nomination:[196]

Liberal Party

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The Liberal Party, formerly the Association of State Liberty Parties, has qualified state parties in Massachusetts and New Mexico which were, until 2022, affiliated with the national Libertarian Party.[208][209] These parties received a combined 59,598 votes in 2020.

The Libertarian Association of Massachusetts provided its ballot line to the national Libertarian Party nominees, Chase Oliver and Mike ter Maat. The Libertarian Party of New Mexico ran Laura Ebke and Trisha Butler, the Liberal Party Chair on its ballot line, without any campaign.

Cascade Party

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The Cascade Party petitioned to place Krist Novoselić and James Carroll on the ballot in Washington,[210] as that is a requirement to gain state recognition of a new party.[211] Novoselić later withdrew his name from the ballot.

Declined to be candidates

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No Labels

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Main article: No Labels § 2024 presidential ticket

The following individuals have declined to be candidates for the No Labels unity ticket. On April 4, 2024, the organization announced it would not run a presidential campaign.[212]

Third party

edit

The following notable individuals have been the subject of speculation about their possible candidacies, but have publicly denied interest in running.

Debates and forums

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2024 Free & Equal debates
No. Date & Time Location Participants

 P  Participant  A  Absent invitee
 I  Invitee  N  Not invited
 W  Withdrawn  NYD  Not yet declared

Democratic Republican Independent Libertarian Green Independent PSL Constitution Others
Kamala Harris Donald Trump Robert F. Kennedy Jr. Chase Oliver Jill Stein Cornel West Claudia De la Cruz Randall Terry See notes
1 February 29, 2024 New York City NYD N A P P A P N P[af]
2 July 12, 2024 Las Vegas NYD A A P P A N P A[ag]
3 October 23, 2024 TBD A A W P P A A P N

February 29 debate (New York City)

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The Free & Equal Elections Foundation hosted a multiparty debate on February 29, 2024, in New York City, New York moderated by Caitlin Sinclair, Jason Palmer and Christina Tobin. Socialism and Liberation nominee Claudia De la Cruz, Libertarian candidates Chase Oliver and Lars Mapstead, and Green candidates Jill Stein and Jasmine Sherman attended. Independent candidates Robert F. Kennedy Jr. and Cornel West were also invited but did not attend.[251][252]

2nd Free and Equal Presidential debate
 
From left to right: Oliver, Stein, and Terry
Date(s)July 12, 2024
Durationc. 1 hour and 50 minutes
LocationLas Vegas, Nevada
ParticipantsChase Oliver
Jill Stein
Randall Terry
Footage[16]Archived July 16, 2024, at the Wayback Machine
Moderator(s)Christina Tobin and Thomas Massie

July 12 debate (Las Vegas)

edit

Free and Equal hosted a second debate on July 12, 2024, at FreedomFest in Las Vegas, Nevada moderated by the foundation's chair, Christina Tobin and congressman Thomas Massie.[253][254]

Candidates invited to the debate were: Biden, Kennedy, Oliver, Stein, Terry, Trump, and West. Oliver, Stein, and Terry participated.[253]

September 18 debate (Los Angeles) (cancelled)

edit

A third debate was scheduled for September 18 in Los Angeles,[255] but it was cancelled and rescheduled for October.[256]

October 23 debate (Hollywood)

edit

Oliver, Stein, and Terry participated in their final debate of the campaign trail on October 23.[257]

Forums

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The Muslim Civic Coalition hosted a forum featuring Jill Stein and Cornel West on February 3 in Oak Brook, Illinois. The organization claimed all presidential candidates were invited to attend.[258]

The Abandon Biden movement held an online forum on June 13 featuring Jill Stein,[259] Cornel West,[260] and Claudia de la Cruz[261] focused on promoting "pro-Palestine" candidates for President.[262]

Ballot access

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Main article: Ballot access in the 2024 United States presidential election

Polling

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Main articles: Nationwide opinion polling for the 2024 United States presidential election and Statewide opinion polling for the 2024 United States presidential election

Aggregate polls

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This table will only include polling aggregates that track at least one third-party candidate.

Poll source Since As of Kamala
Harris
DEM 		Donald
Trump
GOP 		Robert F.
Kennedy Jr
IND[ah] 		Jill
Stein
GRN 		Cornel
West
IND[ai] 		Margin
538 July 24, 2024 August 9, 2024 45.5% 43.4% 5.1% – – Harris +2.0%
RCP July 22, 2024 August 9, 2024 45.3% 44.5% 5.5% 0.9% 0.6% Harris +0.8%
TH/DDHQ July 7, 2024 August 9, 2024 46.7% 43.5% 3.4% – – Harris +3.2%
SB July 1, 2024 August 9, 2024 46.3% 43.9% 4.1% – – Harris +2.4%
RTTWH July 8, 2024 August 9, 2024 45.7% 43.5% 5.4% 0.8% 0.5% Harris +2.2%
NYT July 17, 2024 August 9, 2024 45% 43% 5% – – Harris +2%

See also

edit

Notes

edit
  1. ^ Stein is listed as an independent in six states
  2. ^ The Green Party is listed as the Maine Green Independent Party in Maine, as the Mountain Party in West Virginia, as the Pacific Green Party in Oregon, and as the Green-Rainbow Party in Massachusetts
  3. ^ Kennedy is listed as the We the People Party, a party he created, in eight states and Team Kennedy in one state
  4. ^ Oliver is listed as an independent in one state
  5. ^ Massachusetts affiliate only
  6. ^ Michigan affiliate only
  7. ^ South Carolina affiliate only
  8. ^ de la Cruz is listed as an independent in six states
  9. ^ West is listed as the Justice For All Party, a party he created, in six states
  10. ^ Sonski is listed as an independent in two states
  11. ^ Colorado affiliate only
  12. ^ Nebraska affiliate only
  13. ^ Terry is listed as an independent in one state
  14. ^ The Constitution Party is listed as the U.S. Taxpayer's Party in Michigan. Four Constitution affiliates refused to place Terry on the ballot
  15. ^ a b In some states, some candidates were listed as independent or unaffiliated rather than their political party or label.
  16. ^ Nominated by the Peace and Freedom Party in California.
  17. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do dp dq dr ds dt du dv dw dx dy dz ea eb ec May have received write-in votes, which were not reported individually and are included in others.
  18. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Cite error: The named reference NJun was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  19. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Cite error: The named reference PAin was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  20. ^ a b c d e f g Unofficially compiled from results reported by the state. Included in others.
  21. ^ Affiliate of Liberal Party USA, disaffiliated from the Libertarian Party
  22. ^ Florida activist Samson LeBeau Kpadenou is the placeholder vice presidential nominee for Ware in six states.
  23. ^ Disaffiliated from Unity Party of America
  24. ^ Ayyadurai is not eligible to serve as president as he is not a natural-born citizen.
  25. ^ Unaffiliated with national Constitution Party
  26. ^ Margaret Trowe was originally named the party's vice presidential nominee but withdrew due to health issues.[80]
  27. ^ Unaffiliated with national Natural Law Party
  28. ^ Disaffiliated with Unity Party of America
  29. ^ Disaffiliated with Constitution Party
  30. ^ While the Presidential and Vice-Presidential nominations occur separately, Presidential candidates often make known their preferred Vice Presidential nominees should they receive the nomination
  31. ^ Originally was announced as Kristin Alexander[117]
  32. ^ Lars Mapstead, who was seeking the Libertarian nomination at the time, and Jasmine Sherman, who was seeking the Green nomination at the time, also participated.
  33. ^ Joe Biden, who was the presumptive Democratic nominee at the time of the debate, was invited to attend but declined.
  34. ^ including several other parties
  35. ^ including several other parties

Ballot access

edit
  1. ^ Oliver on the ballot in:
    • Alabama (9, as Independent)[1]
    • Alaska (3)[1]
    • Arizona (11)[1]
    • Arkansas (6)[1]
    • California (54)[1]
    • Colorado (10)[1]
    • Connecticut (7)[1]
    • Delaware (3)[1]
    • Florida (30)[1]
    • Georgia (16)[1]
    • Hawaii (4)[1]
    • Idaho (4)[1]
    • Indiana (11)[1]
    • Iowa (6)[1]
    • Kansas (6)[1]
    • Kentucky (8)[1]
    • Louisiana (8)[1]
    • Maine (4)[1]
    • Maryland (10)[1]
    • Massachusetts (11)[1]
    • Michigan (15)[1]
    • Minnesota (10)[1]
    • Mississippi (6)[1]
    • Missouri (10)[1]
    • Montana (4)[1]
    • Nebraska (5)[1]
    • Nevada (6)[1]
    • New Hampshire (4)[1]
    • New Jersey (14)[1]
    • New Mexico (5)[1]
    • North Carolina (16)[1]
    • North Dakota (3, as Independent)[1]
    • Ohio (17)[1]
    • Oklahoma (7)[1]
    • Oregon (8)[1]
    • Pennsylvania (19)[1]
    • Rhode Island (4)[1]
    • South Carolina (9)[1]
    • South Dakota (3)[1]
    • Texas (40)[1]
    • Utah (6)[1]
    • Vermont (3)[1]
    • Virginia (13)[1]
    • Washington (12)[1]
    • West Virginia (4)[1]
    • Wisconsin (10)[1]
    • Wyoming (3)[1]
  2. ^ Oliver registered write-in in:
    • District of Columbia (3)[1]
    • Illinois (19)[1]
    • New York (28)[1]
    • Tennessee (11)[1]
  3. ^ Stein on the ballot in:
    • Alabama (9, Independent)[1]
    • Alaska (3, as Independent)[1]
    • Arizona (11)[1]
    • Arkansas (6)[1]
    • California (54)[1]
    • Colorado (10)[1]
    • Connecticut (7)[1]
    • Florida (30)[1]
    • Georgia (16)[1]
    • Hawaii (4)[1]
    • Idaho (4, as independent)[1]
    • Kentucky (8)[1]
    • Louisiana (8)[1]
    • Maine (4)[1]
    • Maryland (10)[1]
    • Massachusetts (11)[1]
    • Michigan (15)[1]
    • Minnesota (10)[1]
    • Mississippi (6)[1]
    • Missouri (10)[1]
    • Montana (4)[1]
    • Nebraska (5)[1]
    • New Hampshire (4)[1]
    • New Jersey (14)[1]
    • New Mexico (5)[1]
    • North Carolina (16)[1]
    • Oregon (8)[1]
    • Pennsylvania (19)[1]
    • Rhode Island (4)[1]
    • South Carolina (9)[1]
    • Tennessee (11, as Independent)[1]
    • Texas (40)[1]
    • Utah (6)[1]
    • Virginia (13)[1]
    • Washington (12)[1]
    • West Virginia (4)[1]
    • Wisconsin (10)[1]
  4. ^ Stein registered write-in in:
    • Delaware (3)[1]
    • Illinois (19)[1]
    • Kansas (6)[1]
    • New York (28)[1]
  5. ^ Stein write-in states:
    • Iowa (6)
    • Vermont (3)
    • Wyoming (3)
  6. ^ Stein disqualified states:
    • Ohio (17, as Independent)[60]
  7. ^ De la Cruz on the ballot in:
  8. ^ De la Cruz registered write-in in:
    • Arizona (11)[1]
    • Colorado (10)[1]
    • Connecticut (7)[1]
    • Delaware (3)[1]
    • District of Columbia (3)[1]
    • Illinois (19)[1]
    • Indiana (11)[1]
    • Kansas (6)[1]
    • Kentucky (8)[1]
    • Maine (4)[1]
    • Maryland (10)[1]
    • Michigan (15)[1]
    • Missouri (10)[1]
    • New York (28)[1]
    • North Carolina (16)[1]
    • North Dakota (3)[1]
    • Ohio (17)[1]
    • Texas (40)[1]
    • West Virginia (4)[1]
  9. ^ De la Cruz write-in states:
    • Alabama (9)
    • New Hampshire (4)
    • Oregon (8)
    • Pennsylvania (19)
    • Wyoming (3)
  10. ^ De la Cruz disqualified states:
  11. ^ West on the ballot in:
    • Alaska (3, as Aurora Party)[1][67]
    • Colorado (10, as Unity Party)[1]
    • Louisiana (8, as Justice For All)[1]
    • Maine (4, as Justice For All)[1]
    • Michigan (15)[1]
    • Minnesota (10, as Justice For All)[1]
    • Nebraska (5, as Nebraska Legal Marijuana NOW Party)[1]
    • North Carolina (16, as Justice For All)[1]
    • Oregon (8, as Progressive Party)[1]
    • South Carolina (9, as United Citizens Party)[1]
    • Utah (6)[1]
    • Vermont (3, as Green Mountain Peace and Justice Party)[1]
    • Virginia (13)[1]
    • Washington (12, as Justice For All Party)[1]
    • Wisconsin (10, as Justice For All Party)[1]
  12. ^ West registered write-in in:
    • Connecticut (7)[1]
    • Delaware (3)[1]
    • Illinois (19)[1]
    • Indiana (11)[1]
    • Kansas (6)[1]
    • Kentucky (8)[1]
    • Maryland (10)[1]
    • Massachusetts (11)[1]
    • New York (28)[1]
    • Ohio (17)[1]
    • Tennessee (11)[1]
    • Texas (40)[1]
    • West Virginia (4)[1]
  13. ^ West write-in states:
    • Alabama (9)
    • Iowa (6)
    • New Hampshire (4)
    • New Jersey (14)
    • Pennsylvania (19)
    • Rhode Island (4)
    • Wyoming (3)
  14. ^ West disqualified states:
  15. ^ Sonski on the ballot in:
    • Alaska (3)[1]
    • Arkansas (6)[1]
    • Florida (30)[1]
    • Hawaii (4)[1]
    • Louisiana (8)[1]
    • Mississippi (6, as Independent)[1]
    • Ohio (17, as Independent)[1]
  16. ^ Sonski registered write-in in:
    • California (54)[1]
    • Colorado (10)[1]
    • Connecticut (7)[1]
    • Delaware (3)[1]
    • Georgia (16)[1]
    • Idaho (4)[1]
    • Illinois (19)[1]
    • Indiana (11)[1]
    • Kansas (6)[1]
    • Kentucky (8)[1]
    • Maine (4)[1]
    • Maryland (10)[1]
    • Massachusetts (11)[1]
    • Michigan (15)[1]
    • Minnesota (10)[1]
    • Missouri (10)[1]
    • Nebraska (5)[1]
    • New York (28)[1]
    • North Dakota (3)[1]
    • Tennessee (11)[1]
    • Texas (40)[1]
    • Utah (6)[1]
    • Virginia (13)[1]
    • Washington (12)[1]
    • Wisconsin (10)[1]
    • West Virginia (4)[1]
  17. ^ Sonski write-in states:
    • Alabama (9)
    • Iowa (6)
    • New Hampshire (4)
    • New Jersey (14)
    • Oregon (8)
    • Pennsylvania (19)
    • Rhode Island (4)
    • Vermont (3)
    • Wyoming (3)
  18. ^ Ayyadurai on the ballot in:
    • Idaho (4)[1]
    • Iowa (6)[1]
    • Kentucky (8)[1]
    • Massachusetts (11)[1]
    • Minnesota (10)[1]
    • Mississippi (6, as Independent)[1]
    • Washington (12)[1]
  19. ^ Ayyadurai registered write-in in:
    • Arizona (11)[1]
    • Colorado (10)[1]
    • Connecticut (7)[1]
    • Delaware (3)[1]
    • District of Columbia (3)[1]
    • Florida (30)[1]
    • Georgia (16)[1]
    • Illinois (19)[1]
    • Kansas (6)[1]
    • Maine (4)[1]
    • Maryland (10)[1]
    • Missouri (10)[1]
    • Montana (4)[1]
    • New York (28)[1]
    • North Carolina (16)[1]
    • North Dakota (3)[1]
    • Ohio (17)[1]
    • Texas (40)[1]
    • Virginia [1]
    • West Virginia (4)[1]
  20. ^ Ayyadurai write-in states:
    • Alabama (9)
    • New Hampshire (4)
    • New Jersey (14)
    • Oregon (8)
    • Pennsylvania (19)
    • Rhode Island (4)
    • Vermont (3)
    • Wyoming (3)
  21. ^ Terry on the ballot in:
    • Alaska (3)[1]
    • Colorado (10)[1]
    • Florida (30)[1]
    • Idaho (4, as Independent)[1]
    • Louisiana (8)[1]
    • Michigan (15)[1]
    • Mississippi (6)[1]
    • New Jersey (14)[1]
    • North Carolina (16)[1]
    • Oregon (8)[1]
    • South Carolina (9)[1]
    • Wisconsin (10)[1]
  22. ^ Terry write-in states:
    • Alabama (9)
    • Iowa (6)
    • New Hampshire (4)
    • Pennsylvania (19)
    • Rhode Island (4)
    • Vermont (3)
    • Wyoming (3)
  23. ^ Rejected nominee states:
  24. ^ Fruit on the ballot in:
    • Louisiana (8)[1]
    • Minnesota (10)[1]
    • New Jersey (14)[1]
    • Tennessee (11, as Independent)[1]
    • Vermont (3)[1]
    • Washington (12)[1]
  25. ^ Fruit write-in states:
    • Alabama (9)
    • Iowa (6)
    • New Hampshire (4)
    • Oregon (8)
    • Pennsylvania (19)
    • Rhode Island (4)
    • Wyoming (3)
  26. ^ Kishore on the ballot in:
    • Michigan (15)[1]
    • New Jersey (14)[1]
    • Washington (12)[1]
  27. ^ SEP registered write-in in:
    • Illinois (19)[1]
    • Kentucky (8)[1]
    • Maryland (10)[1]
    • Minnesota (10)[1]
    • Virginia (13)[1]
  28. ^ Kishore write-in states:
    • Alabama (9)
    • Iowa (6)
    • New Hampshire (4)
    • Oregon (8)
    • Pennsylvania (19)
    • Rhode Island (4)
    • Vermont (3)
    • Wyoming (3)
  29. ^ Duncan on the ballot in:
  30. ^ Duncan write-in states:
    • Alabama (9)
    • Iowa (6)
    • New Hampshire (4)
    • New Jersey (14)
    • Oregon (8)
    • Pennsylvania (19)
    • Rhode Island (4)
    • Vermont (3)
    • Wyoming (3)
  31. ^ Skousen on the ballot in:
  32. ^ Skousen registered write-in in:
    • Arizona (11)[1]
    • Washington (12)[1]
  33. ^ Skousen write-in states:
    • Alabama (9)
    • Iowa (6)
    • New Hampshire (4)
    • New Jersey (14)
    • Oregon (8)
    • Pennsylvania (19)
    • Rhode Island (4)
    • Vermont (3)
    • Wyoming (3)
  34. ^ Bowman on the ballot in:
    • Tennessee (11)[1]
  35. ^ Bowman registered write-in in:
    • Georgia (16)[1]
    • Kentucky (8)[1]
    • Michigan (15)[1]
    • Ohio (17)[1]
    • Utah (6)[1]
    • Washington (12)[1]
  36. ^ Bowman write-in states:
    • Alabama (9)
    • Iowa (6)
    • New Hampshire (4)
    • New Jersey (14)
    • Oregon (8)
    • Pennsylvania (19)
    • Rhode Island (4)
    • Vermont (3)
    • Wyoming (3)
  37. ^ Huber on the ballot in:
    • Colorado (10)[1]
  38. ^ Huber write-in states:
    • Alabama (9)
    • Iowa (6)
    • New Hampshire (4)
    • New Jersey (14)
    • Oregon (8)
    • Pennsylvania (19)
    • Rhode Island (4)
    • Vermont (3)
    • Wyoming (3)
  39. ^ Preston on the ballot in:
    • Louisiana (8)[1]
  40. ^ Preston write-in states:
    • Alabama (9)
    • Iowa (6)
    • New Hampshire (4)
    • New Jersey (14)
    • Oregon (8)
    • Pennsylvania (19)
    • Rhode Island (4)
    • Vermont (3)
    • Wyoming (3)
  41. ^ Garrity on the ballot in:
    • Oklahoma (7)[1]
  42. ^ Garrity registered write-in in:
    • Colorado (10)[1]
    • Kansas (6)[1]
    • Minnesota (10)[1]
    • New York (28)[1]
    • Ohio (17)[1]
    • West Virginia (4)[1]
  43. ^ Garrity write-in states:
    • Alabama (9)
    • Iowa (6)
    • New Hampshire (4)
    • New Jersey (14)
    • Oregon (8)
    • Pennsylvania (19)
    • Rhode Island (4)
    • Vermont (3)
    • Wyoming (3)
  44. ^ Stodden on the ballot in:
  45. ^ Stodden registered write-in in:
    • Delaware (3)[1]
    • Maryland (10)[1]
  46. ^ Stodden write-in states:
    • Alabama (9)
    • New Hampshire (4)
    • New Jersey (14)
    • Oregon (8)
    • Pennsylvania (19)
    • Rhode Island (4)
    • Vermont (3)
    • Wyoming (3)
  47. ^ Wood on the ballot in:
    • Arkansas (6)[1]
  48. ^ Wood write-in states:
    • Alabama (9)
    • Iowa (6)
    • New Hampshire (4)
    • New Jersey (14)
    • Oregon (8)
    • Pennsylvania (19)
    • Rhode Island (4)
    • Vermont (3)
    • Wyoming (3)
  49. ^ Everylove on the ballot in:
  50. ^ Everylove write-in states:
    • Alabama (9)
    • Iowa (6)
    • New Hampshire (4)
    • New Jersey (14)
    • Oregon (8)
    • Pennsylvania (19)
    • Rhode Island (4)
    • Vermont (3)
    • Wyoming (3)
  51. ^ Ebke on the ballot in:
    • New Mexico (5)[1]
  52. ^ Ebke write-in states:
    • Alabama (9)
    • Iowa (6)
    • New Hampshire (4)
    • New Jersey (14)
    • Oregon (8)
    • Pennsylvania (19)
    • Rhode Island (4)
    • Vermont (3)
    • Wyoming (3)
  53. ^ Rejected nominee states:
    • Massachusetts (11)
  54. ^ Wells on the ballot in: Rhode Island (4)[1]
  55. ^ Wells registered write-in in:
    • Washington (12)[1]
  56. ^ Wells write-in states:
    • Alabama (9)
    • Iowa (6)
    • New Hampshire (4)
    • New Jersey (14)
    • Oregon (8)
    • Pennsylvania (19)
    • Vermont (3)
    • Wyoming (3)
  57. ^ Supreme on the ballot in:
    • Delaware (3, as Conservative Party)[1]
  58. ^ Supreme write-in states:
    • Alabama (9)
    • Iowa (6)
    • New Hampshire (4)
    • New Jersey (14)
    • Oregon (8)
    • Pennsylvania (19)
    • Rhode Island (4)
    • Vermont (3)
    • Wyoming (3)
  59. ^ Kennedy on the ballot in:
    • Alabama (9)[1]
    • Alaska (3)[1]
    • Arkansas (6)[1]
    • California (54, as American Independent)[1]
    • Colorado (10)[1]
    • Connecticut (7)[1]
    • Delaware (3, as Independent Party of Delaware)[1]
    • District of Columbia (3)[1]
    • Idaho (4)[1]
    • Illinois (19)[1]
    • Indiana (11, as We The People)[1]
    • Iowa (6)[1]
    • Kansas (6)[1]
    • Kentucky (8)[1]
    • Louisiana (8, as We The People)[1]
    • Maryland (10)[1]
    • Michigan (15)[1]
    • Minnesota (10, as We The People)[1]
    • Mississippi (6)[1]
    • Montana (4)[1]
    • New Jersey (14)[1]
    • New Mexico (5)[1]
    • Oklahoma (7)[1]
    • Oregon (8, as We The People)[1]
    • Rhode Island (4, as Team Kennedy)[1]
    • South Dakota (3)[1]
    • Tennessee (11)[1]
    • Vermont (3, as We The People)[1]
    • Washington (12, as We The People)[1]
    • West Virginia (4)[1]
    • Wisconsin (10, as We The People)[1]
  60. ^ Kennedy write-in states:
    • New Hampshire (4)
    • Pennsylvania (19)
    • Wyoming (3)
  61. ^ Kennedy withdraws from ballot in:

Even more notes

edit
  1. ^ The Green Party is listed as the Maine Green Independent Party in Maine, as the Mountain Party in West Virginia, as the Pacific Green Party in Oregon, and as the Green-Rainbow Party in Massachusetts
  2. ^ The Constitution Party is listed as the U.S. Taxpayer's Party in Michigan. Constitution Party affiliates in Idaho, Nevada, Utah, and Wyoming rejected the national nominee.
  3. ^ Constitution Party affiliates in Idaho, Nevada and Utah rejected the national nominee and nominated Skousen. The Nevada Constitution Party affiliate is listed as Independent American Party of Nevada.

References

edit
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