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| Portrait | Prime minister Office (Lifespan)
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Term of office | Mandate[a] | Ministerial offices held as prime minister | Party | Government | Monarch Reign
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Start | End | Duration | ||||||||
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John C. Calhoun MP for Greenwood (1782-1850) |
August 17 1841 |
March 31 1850 |
8 years, 226 days | (—) | Queen's Party | Calhoun Caretaker | Victoria r. 1837–1901
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| 1842 | Calhoun II | |||||||||
| 1847 | Calhoun III
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Zachary Taylor MP for Richmond (1784-1859) |
March 31 1850 |
April 21 1856 |
6 years, 21 days | (—) | Queen's Party | Taylor I | |||
| 1852 | Taylor II | |||||||||
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John C. Breckinridge MP for Lexington (1821-1875) |
April 21 1856 |
May 4 1871 |
15 years, 13 days | 1856 | Queen's Party | Breckinridge I | |||
| 1861 | Breckinridge War I | |||||||||
| 1866 | Breckinridge War II | |||||||||
| 1868 | Breckinridge IV | |||||||||
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Robert E. Lee MP for North Arlington (1807-1878) |
May 4 1871 |
November 1 1876 |
5 years, 150 days | 1871 | Queen's Party | Lee | |||
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John S. Carlile MP for Morgantown (1817-1878) |
November 1 1876 |
October 24 1878 |
1 year, 357 days | 1876 | Reformed Liberal | Carlile | ||
_(cropped).jpg)
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James Longstreet MP for Gainesville (1821-1904) |
October 24 1879 |
July 10 1881 |
2 years, 229 days | (—) | Reformed Liberal | Longstreet | |||
| | 
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Benjamin Tillman MP for Calhounville (1847-1911) |
July 10 1881 |
January 2 1911 |
29 years, 206 days | 1881 | Queen's Party | Tillman I | ||
| | 1884 | National Labour | Tillman II | |||||||
| 1886 | Tillman III | |||||||||
| 1891 | Southron National Labour | Tillman IV | ||||||||
| 1896 | Tillman V | |||||||||
| 1901 | Tillman VI | Edward VII r. 1901–1910
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| 1906 | Tillman VII | |||||||||
| 1910 | Tillman VIII | George V.jpg) r. 1910–1936
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| 1911 | Tillman IX | |||||||||
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D.W. Griffith MP for North Louisville (born 1875) |
January 2 1911 |
January 9 1912 |
1 year, 7 days | (—) | Southron National Labour | Griffith | |||
| | .jpg)
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Woodrow Wilson MP for Alexandria (1856-1919) |
January 9 1912 |
April 20 1919 |
7 years, 101 days | 1912 | Conservative | Wilson War (Con.-Reform) | ||
| 1917 | Wilson II | |||||||||
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James Carson Breckinridge MP for Clarksville (Born 1877) |
April 20 1919 |
January 12 1932 |
12 years, 267 days | 1922 | Conservative | Carson I | |||
| 1927 | Carson II | |||||||||
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Robert Alexander MP for Fredricksburg (Born 1863) |
January 12 1932 |
Incumbent | 4 years, 8 days | 1932 | Conservative | Alexander | |||
| Alexander | Edward VIII.jpg) r. 1936–present
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| Portrait | Prime minister Office (Lifespan)
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Term of office | Mandate[a] | Ministerial offices held as prime minister | Party | Government | Monarch Reign
| |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Start | End | Duration | ||||||||
| | 
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Alexander Hamilton MP for Western Manhattan (1755-1826) |
November 11 1799 |
May 10 1807 |
7 years, 181 days | 1799 | Whig | Hamilton I | George III r. 1760–1820
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| 1804 | Hamilton II | |||||||||
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William Franklin MP for Princeton (1730-1813) |
May 10 1807 |
June 11 1808 |
1 year, 32 days | 1807 | Tory | Franklin | ||
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Alexander Hamilton MP for Western Manhattan (1755-1826) |
June 11 1808 |
December 7 1812 |
4 years, 179 days | (—) | Whig | Hamilton Caretaker (Tory-Whig) | ||
| | _-_William_Augustus_Bowles_(1763%E2%80%931805),_as_a_Native_North_American_(Creek)_Chief_-_446698_-_National_Trust.jpg)
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William Augustus Bowles MP for Fredrick (1763-1855) |
June 11 1812 |
March 28 1817 |
4 years, 279 days | (—) | Tory | Bowles Caretaker | ||
| | 
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Alexander Hamilton MP for Western Manhattan (1755-1826) |
March 28 1817 |
April 2 1826 |
9 years, 5 days | 1817 | Whig | Hamilton IV | ||
| 1820 | Hamilton V | George IV,_by_Thomas_Lawrence_-_Royal_Collection.jpg) r. 1820–1830
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| 1825 | Hamilton VI | |||||||||
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Rufus King MP for Gotham (1755-1827) |
April 2 1826 |
April 29 1827 |
1 year, 27 days | (—) | Whig | King | ||
| | 
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Daniel Webster MP for Manchester (1782-1847) |
April 29 1827 |
December 1 1831 |
4 years, 216 days | (—) | Whig | Webster I (Websterite) | ||
| 1830 | Webster II Websterite Whig |
William IV.jpg) r. 1830–1837
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Martin Van Buren MP for Western Manhattan (1782-1847) |
December 1 1831 |
September 22 1833 |
1 year, 295 days | (—) | Whig Burenist Whig |
Van Buren (Burenist Whig-Common Sense) | ||
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James Clark Ross MP for Norfolk (1800-1862) |
September 22 1833 |
August 17 1841 |
7 years, 329 days | (—) | Tory | Ross War (Wallacite Whig-Tory) | ||
| | Queen's Party | Ross Caretaker | Victoria.jpg) r. 1837–1901
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531 members of the Electoral College 266 electoral votes needed to win | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Turnout | 52.2%[1]  3.7 pp | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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 Presidential election results map. Red denotes states won by MacArthur/McCarthy, blue denotes those won by Fulbright/Barkley, green denotes those won by Wallace/Roosevelt. Numbers indicate the number of electoral votes allotted to each state. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Lafayette's Rebellion | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of the Atlantic Revolutions | |||||||
 Québécois troops led by Lafayette at the Battle of Quebec City, 1783 | |||||||
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| Belligerents | |||||||
 St. Lawerance Republic  British Empire |
 République du Québec | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
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Thomas Winthrop James Livingston Lord Cornwallis |
Marquis de Lafayette Christophe Pélissier | ||||||
| Strength | |||||||
| 5,400 soldiers | 2,500 soldiers | ||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||
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46 dead 34 wounded[3] |
130 dead, 500 wounded | ||||||
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538 members of the Electoral College 270 electoral votes needed to win | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Opinion polls | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Turnout | 62.5%[4] 0.3 pp | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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 Presidential election results map. Red denotes states won by Nixon/Agnew, blue denotes those won by Johnson/Daley, and orange denotes those won by Wallace/LeMay, including several faithless electors. Green denotes faithless electors for McCarthy/McGovern. Numbers indicate electoral votes cast by each state. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Candidates for the Republican Nomination
edit| Candidate | Most recent office | Home state | Campaign
Withdrawal date |
Popular vote | Contests won | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| John Heinz | 
|
U.S. Senator from Pennsylvania (1977-Present) |
 Pennsylvania |
 Withdrew at Convention |
5,530,981 (58.2%) |
44 AL, AK, AZ, AR, CA, CO, CT, DE, Fl, GA, HI, ID, IL, IN, IA, KS, KY, LA, ME, MD, MA, MI, MN, MS, MO, MT, NE, NV, NH, NM, NY, NC, ND, OH, OR, RI, SC, SD, TN, VT, VA, WA, WI, WY | |
| John B. Anderson | .jpg)
|
44th President of the United States (1991-Present) |
 Illinois |
Won Nomination |
5,530,981 (58.2%) |
44 AL, AK, AZ, AR, CA, CO, CT, DE, Fl, GA, HI, ID, IL, IN, IA, KS, KY, LA, ME, MD, MA, MI, MN, MS, MO, MT, NE, NV, NH, NM, NY, NC, ND, OH, OR, RI, SC, SD, TN, VT, VA, WA, WI, WY | |
| Oliver North | 
|
U.S. Senator from Virginia (1989-Present) |
 Virginia |
Withdrew at Convention |
5,530,981 (58.2%) |
44 AL, AK, AZ, AR, CA, CO, CT, DE, Fl, GA, HI, ID, IL, IN, IA, KS, KY, LA, ME, MD, MA, MI, MN, MS, MO, MT, NE, NV, NH, NM, NY, NC, ND, OH, OR, RI, SC, SD, TN, VT, VA, WA, WI, WY | |
| John H. Sununu | .jpg)
|
75th Governor of New Hampshire (1983-Present) |
 New Hampshire |
Withdrew at Convention |
5,530,981 (58.2%) |
44 AL, AK, AZ, AR, CA, CO, CT, DE, Fl, GA, HI, ID, IL, IN, IA, KS, KY, LA, ME, MD, MA, MI, MN, MS, MO, MT, NE, NV, NH, NM, NY, NC, ND, OH, OR, RI, SC, SD, TN, VT, VA, WA, WI, WY | |
| Alan Keyes | .jpg)
|
Asst. Secretary of State (1985–1991) |
 Maryland |
(Campaign) |
985,819 (5.1%) |
0 | |
| John McCain | 
|
U.S. Senator from Arizona (1987–Present) |
 Arizona |
 (Campaign) |
6,061,332 (31.23%) |
7 AZ, CT, MA, MI, NH, RI, VT | |
| Dan Quayle | 
|
U.S. Senator from Indiana (1981–Present) |
 Indiana |
Withdrew at Convention |
1,938,694 (20.4%) |
3 NJ, PA, WV | |
| Rudy Giuliani | .jpg)
|
United States Attorney for the Southern District of New York (1985-1988) |
.svg) New York |
Withdrew at Convention |
1,938,694 (20.4%) |
3 NJ, PA, WV | |
| Ted Bundy | 
|
U.S. Senator from Washington (1989–Present) |
 Washington |
Withdrew at Convention |
1,938,694 (20.4%) |
3 NJ, PA, WV | |
Candidates for the Progressive Nomination
edit| Candidate | Most recent office | Home state | Campaign
Withdrawal date |
Popular vote | Contests won | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ralph Nader | .jpg)
|
Progressive Activist from Connecticut |
 Connecticut |
Withdrew at Convention |
5,530,981 (58.2%) |
44 AL, AK, AZ, AR, CA, CO, CT, DE, Fl, GA, HI, ID, IL, IN, IA, KS, KY, LA, ME, MD, MA, MI, MN, MS, MO, MT, NE, NV, NH, NM, NY, NC, ND, OH, OR, RI, SC, SD, TN, VT, VA, WA, WI, WY | |
| George McGovern | 
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Former U.S. Senator from South Dakota (1963–1987) |
 South Dakota |
Won Nomination |
589,211 (6.2%) |
1 UT | |
| Lyndon LaRouche | .jpg)
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Political Activist from Illinois |
Illinois |
Withdrew at Convention |
1,444,517 (15.2%) |
3 OK, TX & DC | |
| Bernie Sanders | .jpg)
|
Governor of Vermont (1989–Present) |
 Vermont |
Withdrew: May 18 |
1,938,694 (20.4%) |
3 NJ, PA, WV | |
Candidates for the New Democratic Nomination
edit| Candidate | Most recent office | Home state | Campaign
Withdrawal date |
Popular vote | Contests won | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Al Gore | .jpg)
|
U.S. Senator from Tennessee (1985–Present) |
 Tennessee |
Won Nomination |
5,530,981 (58.2%) |
44 AL, AK, AZ, AR, CA, CO, CT, DE, Fl, GA, HI, ID, IL, IN, IA, KS, KY, LA, ME, MD, MA, MI, MN, MS, MO, MT, NE, NV, NH, NM, NY, NC, ND, OH, OR, RI, SC, SD, TN, VT, VA, WA, WI, WY | |
| Ted Wilson | 
|
U.S. Senator from Utah (1989–Present) |
 Utah |
Withdrew: April 16 |
589,211 (6.2%) |
1 UT | |
| Charlie Wilson | 
|
U.S. representative from TX-02 (1973-Present) |
 Texas |
Withdrew at Convention |
1,444,517 (15.2%) |
3 OK, TX & DC | |
| Bob Casey Sr. | Governor of Pennsylvania (1987–Present) |
Pennsylvania |
Withdrew: May 10 |
1,938,694 (20.4%) |
3 NJ, PA, WV | ||
Candidates for the Democratic Nomination
edit| Candidate | Most recent office | Home state | Campaign
Withdrawal date |
Popular vote | Contests won | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jerry Brown | 
|
U.S. Senator from California (1983–1989) |
 California |
Withdrew at convention |
4,568,894 (34.2%) |
17 AK, CA, CT, HI, NH, NM, NJ, NY, NV, MI, OR, VT, WA & DC, PR, NMA, USV | |
| Gary Hart | .jpg)
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U.S. Senator from Colorado (1979–Present) |
 Colorado |
Won Nomination |
6,826,622 (51.1%) |
31 AL, AR, AZ, CO, DE, FL, GA, IA, KS, KY, LA, MD, MN, MO, MS, MT, NC, ND, NE, OH, OK, PA, SC, SD, TN, TX, UT, VA, WI, WV & ASAM | |
| Adlai Stevenson III | .jpg)
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43rd Vice President of the United States (1983-1985) |
Illinois |
Withdrew: March 21 |
1,349,293 (10.1%) |
3 ID, IL, IN | |
| John Kerry | .jpg)
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U.S. Senator from Massachusetts (1985–Present) |
 Massachusetts |
Withdrew: April 15 |
614,529 (4.6%) |
4 MA, ME, RD & GUAM | |
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 Results by state house district Stevens: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% | |||||||||||||||||||||
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 County results Kennedy: 20–30% 30–40% 40–50% Epstein: 20–30% 30–40% Fulani: 20–30% D'Amato: 20–30% 30–40% Giuliani: 20–30% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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 Results by County Kerry: 40–50% 50–60% Rappaport: 40–50% | |||||||||||||||||||||
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Pell: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% Schneider: 50–60% | |||||||||||||||||
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 County results Durkin: 40–50% 50–60% Smith: 40–50% 50–60% | |||||||||||||||||||||
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 County results Cohen: 60–70% 70–80% | |||||||||||||||||||||
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 County results Florio: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% Bell: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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 County results Biden: 100% | |||||||||||||||||
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| Turnout | 25.5% (voting eligible)[5] | ||||||||||||||||
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 County and independent city results Miller: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% Warner: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% | |||||||||||||||||
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 County results Raese: 50–60% 60–70% See: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% | |||||||||||||||||
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 County results Easley: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% Helms: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% | |||||||||||||||||
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 County results McConnell: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90% Sloane: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% | |||||||||||||||||
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 County results Gore: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80-90% | |||||||||||||||||
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 County results Levin: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% Schuette: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% | |||||||||||||||||||||
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| Turnout | 54.90% | ||||||||||||||||
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 County results Simon: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90% Martin: 50–60% | |||||||||||||||||
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 County results Mondale: 30–40% 40–50% 50–60% Wellstone: 40–50% 50–60% Boschwitz: 30–40% 40–50% Johnson: 40–50% 50–60% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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 County results
Thurmond: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% Patterson: 50–60% | |||||||||||||||||
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 County results Nunn: 100% | |||||||||||||||||
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 County results Heflin: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% Bachus: 50–60% 60–70% | |||||||||||||||||
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 County results Cochran: >90% No vote: | |||||||||||||||||
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 County results Clark: 50–60% 60–70% Tauke: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% | |||||||||||||||||
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 County results Abdnor: 40-50% 50-60% 60-70% 70-80% Wollman: 40–50% 50–60% | |||||||||||||||||
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 County results Chambers: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% DeCamp: 50-60% 60-70% 70-80% 80-90% | |||||||||||||||||
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 County results Kassebaum: 60-70% 70-80% 80-90% | |||||||||||||||||
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 Inhofe: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% Risenhoover: 40–50% 50–60% | |||||||||||||||||
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 County results Pryor: 100% | |||||||||||||||||
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 Parish results Breaux: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% Rarick: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% | |||||||||||||||||
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 County results Saiki: 40–50% Akaka: 30–40% 40–50% | |||||||||||||||||||||
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 County results Gramm: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90% Tie: 50–60% Parmer: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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 County results Anaya: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% McMillian: 40–50% 50–60% 70–80% | |||||||||||||||||||||
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 County results Armstrong: 30–40% 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% Morrissey: 30–40% 40–50% 50–60% Lamm: 30–40% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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 County results Baucus: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90% Deitchler: 40–50% | |||||||||||||||||
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 County results Simpson: 50–60% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% | |||||||||||||||||||||
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 County results Craig: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% Church: 50–60% | |||||||||||||||||
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 County results Hatfield: 40-50% 50-60% 60-70% AuCoin: 40–50% 50–60% | |||||||||||||||||
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 County results Lott: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% Hinson: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% Walls: 30–40% 40–50% 50–60% | |||||||||||||||||||||
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Earth First | |
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 | |
| Founded | 1987 |
| Headquarters | 2300 S Massachusetts St, Seattle, Washington 98144 |
| Membership (November 1989) |  97,560 |
| Ideology | Enviromentalism Eco-Socialism Anti-Tech Anarchism Eco-Populism |
| Political position | far-left Anarchist |
| Colors | Green, Blue |
| Seats in the Senate[c] | 0 / 100
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| Seats in the House[c] | 0 / 435
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| Governorships[c] | 1 / 50
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| State Upper House Seats[c] | 2 / 1,972
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| State Lower House Seats[c] | 1 / 5,411
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| Seattle City Council | 1 / 9
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| Turnout | 75.00%  [7] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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 County results Kaczynski: 30–40% 40–50% 50–60% Anderson: 30–40% 40–50% 50–60% Stephans: 40–50% 50-60% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Early Life
Pre-vice presidency 44th Vice President of the United States 41st President of the United States
Policies
Appointments
Tenure
Presidential campaigns Post-presidency
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Needed to win: Majority of votes cast Final (tenth) ballot: 435 votes cast, 218 needed for a majority | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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33 of the 100 seats in the United States Senate 51 seats needed for a majority | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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 Results of the elections: Democratic gain Democratic hold Republican gain Republican hold Conservative gain Conservative hold New Democrat gain New Democrat hold Independent gain No election | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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 County results Kunin: 40–50% 50–60% Smith: 40-50% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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 Parish Results
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| Libyan War | ||||||||
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| Part of the North African conflict and the War on terror | ||||||||
 Clockwise from top: US troops at Uday and Qusay Hussein's hideout; insurgents in northern Iraq; the toppling of the Saddam Hussein statue in Firdos Square | ||||||||
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| Belligerents | ||||||||
Invasion phase (1983) United States United Kingdom Italy Canada Al'iikhwan Almuslimun Islamic Fighting CoalitionSupported by:  Israel Greece West Germany Spain  Australia |
Invasion phase (1983) Libyan Arab Jamahiriya |
Invasion phase (1983) Jaysh Altahrir AlshaebiiSupported by:  Soviet Union Poland | ||||||
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Post-invasion
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Post-invasion (2003–11)
Supported by: | |||||||
| Commanders and leaders | ||||||||
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| Strength | ||||||||
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Invasion forces (2003) 176,000 at peak United States Forces – Iraq (2010–11) 112,000 at activation Security contractors 6,000–7,000 (estimate)[17] Iraqi security forces 805,269 (military and paramilitary: 578,269,[18][page needed] police: 227,000)  Awakening militias≈103,000 (2008)[19] Iraqi Kurdistan ≈400,000 (Kurdish Border Guard: 30,000,[20] Peshmerga 75,000) |
Sunni Insurgents  Islamic State of Iraq≈1,000 (2008) Army of the Men of the Naqshbandi Order ≈500–1,000 (2007) | |||||||
| Casualties and losses | ||||||||
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Iraqi security forces (post-Saddam) Total wounded: 117,961 |
Iraqi combatant dead (invasion period): 7,600–45,000[41][42] Insurgents (post-Saddam) Killed: 26,544+ (2003–11)[43] (4,000 foreign fighters killed by Sep. 2006)[44] Detainees: 12,000 (Iraqi-held, in 2010 only)[45] 119,752 insurgents arrested (2003–2007)[46] Total dead: 34,144–71,544 |
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* "injured, diseased, or other medical": required medical air transport. UK number includes "aeromed evacuations". ** Total excess deaths include all additional deaths due to increased lawlessness, degraded infrastructure, poorer healthcare, etc. *** Violent deaths only – does not include excess deaths due to increased lawlessness, poorer healthcare, etc. | ||||||||
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| Somalian War | |||||||||
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| Part of the War on Terror | |||||||||
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| Belligerents | |||||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||||
| Strength | |||||||||
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≈860,000 (1967) |
≈1,420,000 (1968)
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| Casualties and losses | |||||||||
Total military dead/missing: |
333,620 (1960–1974) – 392,364 (total) Total military wounded: ≈1,340,000+[78] (excluding FARK and FANK) Total military captured: ≈1,000,000+ | ||||||||
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.jpg)
_in_the_South_China_Sea_on_12_August_1964_(USN_1107965).jpg)
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All in all, the war cost Britain 20,000 casualties and 407 ships, primarily merchantmen, in exchange for little commercial or strategic gain.
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- ^ The US DoD and the DMDC list 4,505 US fatalities during the Iraq War.[6][7] In addition to these, two service members were also previously confirmed by the DoD to have died while supporting operations in Iraq,[8][9] but have been excluded from the DoD and DMDC list. This brings the total of US fatalities in the Iraq War to 4,507.
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- ^ 33 Ukrainians,[10] 31+ Italians,[11][12] 30 Bulgarians,[13][14] 20 Salvadorans,[15] 19 Georgians,[16] Archived 13 May 2011 at the Wayback Machine 18 Estonians,[17] 1421+ Poles,[18][19][20] 15 Spaniards,[21][22] Archived 2 April 2019 at the Wayback Machine [23][24] 10 Romanians,[25] 6 Australians,[26] 5 Albanians, 4 Kazakhs,[27] 3 Filipinos,[28] and 2 Thais,[29][30] for a total of 210+ wounded
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{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ a b "Office of Workers' Compensation Programs (OWCP) – Defense Base Act Case Summary by Nation". US Department of Labor. Retrieved 15 December 2011.
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The Tunku had been personally responsible for Malaya's partisan support of the South Vietnamese regime in its fight against the Vietcong and, in reply to a Parliamentary question on 6 February 1962, he had listed all the used weapons and equipment of the Royal Malaya Police given to Saigon. These included a total of 45,707 single-barrel shotguns, 611 armoured cars and smaller numbers of carbines and pistols. Writing in 1975, he revealed that "we had clandestinely been giving 'aid' to Vietnam since early 1958. Published American archival sources now reveal that the actual Malaysian contributions to the war effort in Vietnam included the following: "over 5,000 Vietnamese officers trained in Malaysia; training of 150 U.S. soldiers in handling Tracker Dogs; a rather impressive list of military equipment and weapons given to Viet-Nam after the end of the Malaysian insurgency (for example, 641 armored personnel carriers, 56,000 shotguns); and a creditable amount of civil assistance (transportation equipment, cholera vaccine, and flood relief)". It is undeniable that the Government's policy of supporting the South Vietnamese regime with arms, equipment and training was regarded by some quarters, especially the Opposition parties, as a form of interfering in the internal affairs of that country and the Tunku's valiant efforts to defend it were not convincing enough, from a purely foreign policy standpoint.
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- ^ "Chuyên đề 4 CÔNG TÁC TÌM KIẾM, QUY TẬP HÀI CỐT LIỆT SĨ TỪ NAY ĐẾN NĂM 2020 VÀ NHỮNG NĂM TIẾP THEO". Datafile.chinhsachquandoi.gov.vn. Retrieved 11 April 2021.
- ^ "Công tác tìm kiếm, quy tập hài cốt liệt sĩ từ nay đến năm 2020 và những năn tiếp theo" [The work of searching and collecting the remains of martyrs from now to 2020 and the next] (in Vietnamese). Ministry of Defence, Government of Vietnam. Archived from the original on 17 December 2018. Retrieved 11 June 2018.
- ^ Joseph Babcock (29 April 2019). "Lost Souls: The Search for Vietnam's 300,000 or More MIAs". Pulitzer Centre. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
- ^ Hastings, Max (2018). Vietnam an epic tragedy, 1945–1975. Harper Collins. ISBN 978-0-06-240567-8.
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- ^ "North Korea fought in Vietnam War". BBC News Online. 31 March 2000. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
- ^ Pribbenow, Merle (November 2011). "North Korean Pilots in the Skies over Vietnam" (PDF). Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars. p. 1. Retrieved 3 March 2023.
- ^ Thayer, Thomas C. (1985). War Without Fronts: The American Experience in Vietnam. Westview Press. ISBN 978-0-8133-7132-0.
- ^ Clarke, Jeffrey J. (1988). United States Army in Vietnam: Advice and Support: The Final Years, 1965–1973. Center of Military History, United States Army.
The Army of the Republic of Vietnam suffered 254,256 recorded combat deaths between 1960 and 1974, with the highest number of recorded deaths being in 1972, with 39,587 combat deaths
- ^ Rummel, R.J (1997), "Table 6.1A. Vietnam Democide : Estimates, Sources, and Calculations" (GIF), Freedom, Democracy, Peace; Power, Democide, and War, University of Hawaii System
- ^ "The Fall of South Vietnam" (PDF). Rand.org. Retrieved 11 April 2021.
- ^ Vietnam Veterans Memorial Fund (4 May 2021). "2021 NAME ADDITIONS AND STATUS CHANGES ON THE VIETNAM VETERANS MEMORIAL" (Press release).
- ^ National Archives–Vietnam War U.S. Military Fatal Casualties, 15 August 2016, retrieved 29 July 2020
- ^ "Vietnam War U.S. Military Fatal Casualty Statistics: HOSTILE OR NON-HOSTILE DEATH INDICATOR." U.S. National Archives. 29 April 2008. Accessed 13 July 2019.
- ^ America's Wars (PDF) (Report). Department of Veterans Affairs. May 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 January 2014.
- ^ Anne Leland; Mari–Jana "M-J" Oboroceanu (26 February 2010). American War and Military Operations: Casualties: Lists and Statistics (PDF) (Report). Congressional Research Service.
- ^ Aaron Ulrich (editor); Edward FeuerHerd (producer and director) (2005, 2006). Heart of Darkness: The Vietnam War Chronicles 1945–1975 (Box set, Color, Dolby, DVD-Video, Full Screen, NTSC, Dolby, Vision Software) (Documentary). Koch Vision. Event occurs at 321 minutes. ISBN 1-4172-2920-9.
- ^ Kueter, Dale (2007). Vietnam Sons: For Some, the War Never Ended. AuthorHouse. ISBN 978-1-4259-6931-8.
- ^ T. Lomperis, From People's War to People's Rule (1996)
- ^ "Australian casualties in the Vietnam War, 1962–72". Australian War Memorial. Retrieved 29 June 2013.
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- ^ "Vietnam Reds Said to Hold 17 From Taiwan as Spies". The New York Times. 1964.
- ^ Larsen, Stanley (1975). Vietnam Studies Allied Participation in Vietnam (PDF). Department of the Army. ISBN 978-1-5176-2724-9.
- ^ "Asian Allies in Vietnam" (PDF). Embassy of South Vietnam. March 1970. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
- ^ Shenon, Philip (23 April 1995). "20 Years After Victory, Vietnamese Communists Ponder How to Celebrate". The New York Times. Retrieved 24 February 2011.
The Vietnamese government officially claimed a rough estimate of 2 million civilian deaths, but it did not divide these deaths between those of North and South Vietnam.
- ^ a b c Obermeyer, Ziad; Murray, Christopher J L; Gakidou, Emmanuela (23 April 2008). "Fifty years of violent war deaths from Vietnam to Bosnia: analysis of data from the world health survey programme". British Medical Journal. 336 (7659): 1482–1486. doi:10.1136/bmj.a137. PMC 2440905. PMID 18566045.
From 1955 to 2002, data from the surveys indicated an estimated 5.4 million violent war deaths ... 3.8 million in Vietnam
- ^ Heuveline, Patrick (2001). "The Demographic Analysis of Mortality Crises: The Case of Cambodia, 1970–1979". Forced Migration and Mortality. National Academies Press. pp. 102–104, 120, 124. ISBN 978-0-309-07334-9.
As best as can now be estimated, over two million Cambodians died during the 1970s because of the political events of the decade, the vast majority of them during the mere four years of the 'Khmer Rouge' regime. ... Subsequent reevaluations of the demographic data situated the death toll for the [civil war] in the order of 300,000 or less.
- ^ Banister, Judith; Johnson, E. Paige (1993). Genocide and Democracy in Cambodia: The Khmer Rouge, the United Nations and the International Community. Yale University Southeast Asia Studies. p. 97. ISBN 978-0-938692-49-2.
An estimated 275,000 excess deaths. We have modeled the highest mortality that we can justify for the early 1970s.
- ^ Sliwinski, Marek (1995). Le Génocide Khmer Rouge: Une Analyse Démographique [The Khmer Rouge genocide: A demographic analysis]. L'Harmattan. pp. 42–43, 48. ISBN 978-2-7384-3525-5.
- ^ a b Cite error: The named reference
Mandatewas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Nixon's official state of residence was New York because he moved there to practice law after his defeat in the 1962 California gubernatorial election. During his first term as president, Nixon re-established his residency in California. Consequently, most reliable reference books, including the January 6, 1969, edition of the Congressional Record, list his home state as New York.
- ^ a b c d e Includes members of the Democratic Party in New York elected on the WFP ballot line via electoral fusion.
- ^ disbanded in 2003
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