From January 21 to June 3, 1980, voters of the Republican Party chose its nominee for president in the 1980 United States presidential election. Retired Hollywood actor and two-term California governor Ronald Reagan was selected as the nominee through a series of primary elections and caucuses culminating in the Republican National Convention held from July 14 to 17, 1980, in Detroit, Michigan.
 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1,990 delegates to the Republican National Convention 996 (majority) votes needed to win | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Reagan Bush Uncommitted | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Background
editAs the 1980 presidential election approached, incumbent Democratic president Jimmy Carter appeared vulnerable. High gas prices, economic stagflation, a renewed Cold War with the Soviet Union following the invasion of Afghanistan, and the Iran hostage crisis that developed when Iranian students seized the American embassy in Tehran all contributed to a general dissatisfaction with Carter's presidency; his job approval rating sank to below 20 percent in late-1979 as a result. Consequently, the president faced stiff Democratic primary challenges from Massachusetts Senator Ted Kennedy and California Governor Jerry Brown. A large field of Republican challengers also emerged.
Candidates
editNominee
edit| Candidate | Most recent office | Home state | Campaign
Withdrawal date |
Popular vote | Contests won | Running mate | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ronald Reagan | .jpg)
|
Governor of California (1967–1975) |
 California |
 (Campaign • Positions) Secured nomination: May 24, 1980 |
7,709,793 (59.79%) |
44 | George Bush | |
Withdrew during primaries
edit| Candidate | Most recent office | Home state | Campaign
Withdrawal date |
Popular vote | Contests won | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| George H. W. Bush | 
|
Director of Central Intelligence Agency (1976–1977) |
 Texas |
 Campaign Withdrew: May 26 (endorsed Ronald Reagan, nominated for vice president) |
3,070,033
(23.81%) |
8
CT, DC, IA, ME, MA, MI, PA, PR | |
| John Anderson | .jpg)
|
U.S. Representative from Illinois (1961–1981) |
 Illinois |
 Withdrew: April 24 (ran as independent) |
1,572,174
(12.19%) |
None | |
| Howard Baker | 
|
U.S. Senator from Tennessee (1967–1985) |
 Tennessee |
.png) Withdrew: March 5 (endorsed Ronald Reagan) |
181,153
(1.41%) |
None | |
| Phil Crane | 
|
U.S. Representative from Illinois (1969–2005) |
Illinois |
 Withdrew: April 17[1] (endorsed Ronald Reagan) |
97,793
(0.76%) |
None | |
| John Connally | Secretary of the Treasury (1971–1972) |
Texas |
 Withdrew: March 9 (endorsed Ronald Reagan) |
82,625
(0.64%) |
Won 1 delegate from Arkansas (Ada Mills) | ||
| Ben Fernandez | U.S. Special Envoy to Paraguay (1973) |
California |
 Withdrew: March 30 (endorsed Ronald Reagan) |
25,520
(0.20%) |
None | ||
| Harold Stassen | 
|
Director of the United States Foreign Operations Administration (1953–1955) |
 Pennsylvania |
[data missing] | 25,425
(0.20%) |
None | |
| Bob Dole | .jpg)
|
U.S. Senator from Kansas (1969–1996) |
 Kansas |
 Withdrew: March 15 |
7,204
(0.06%) |
None | |
Withdrew before primaries
edit| Name | Born | Experience | Home state | Campaign announced |
Campaign suspended |
Campaign | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Larry Pressler |
March 29, 1942 (age 37) Humboldt, South Dakota |
U.S. senator from South Dakota U.S. representative from South Dakota |
 South Dakota
|
[data missing] | January 8, 1980 | [citation needed] | |
 Lowell Weicker |
May 16, 1931 (age 48) Paris, France |
United States Senator from Connecticut |
 Connecticut
|
[data missing] | May 16, 1979 | [citation needed] |
Declined to run
editThe following potential candidates declined to run for the Republican nomination in 1980.[2][3]
- Frank Borman, former astronaut from Indiana and Chief Executive Officer of Eastern Air Lines
- Bill Brock, RNC Chairman of Tennessee; former Senator from Tennessee
- John Danforth, Senator from Missouri
- Pete du Pont, Governor of Delaware
- Gerald Ford, former president of the United States
- Spiro Agnew, former vice president of the United States
- Jesse Helms, Senator from North Carolina
- Jack Kemp, U.S. representative from New York
- Alexander Haig, former NATO Commander
- John Heinz, Senator from Pennsylvania
- Charles Mathias, Senator from Maryland
- Charles Percy, Senator from Illinois
- Elliot Richardson, former United States Secretary of Commerce
- William Ruckelshaus, former Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation
- Richard Schweiker, Senator from Pennsylvania; presumptive running mate of Ronald Reagan in 1976
- Bill Simon, former United States Secretary of the Treasury (endorsed Reagan)[4]
- Jim Thompson, Governor of Illinois
Polling
editNational polling
edit| Poll source | Publication date | John Anderson
|
Howard Baker
|
George Bush
|
John Connally
|
Bob Dole
|
Gerald Ford
|
Ronald Reagan
|
Others
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gallup[5] | Aug. 1977 | – | 8% | – | – | – | 20% | 33% | 3% |
| Gallup[5] | Apr. 1978 | – | 11% | – | 4% | 4% | 40% | 30% | 4% |
| Gallup[5] | July 1978 | – | 9% | 1% | 5% | 4% | 37% | 31% | 5% |
| Gallup[5] | Dec. 1978 | 1% | 9% | 1% | 6% | 1% | 24% | 40% | 11%[a] |
| Gallup[5] | Apr. 1979 | 2% | 8% | 1% | 12% | 1% | 26% | 31% | 11%[b] |
| Gallup[5] | May 1979 | – | 10% | – | 8% | 3% | 27% | 28% | – |
| Gallup[5] | June 1979 | 0% | 11% | 0% | 5% | 0% | 29% | 37% | 5% |
| Gallup[5] | July 1979 | 3% | 11% | 1% | 9% | 2% | 27% | 32% | 15%[c] |
| Gallup[5] | Aug. 1979 | 1% | 10% | 3% | 8% | 1% | 21% | 29% | 16%[d] |
| Gallup[5] | Nov. 1979 | 1% | 14% | 2% | 10% | 3% | 22% | 33% | 15%[e] |
| Gallup[5] | Nov. 1979 | 0% | 11% | 5% | 8% | 3% | 24% | 40% | — |
| Gallup[5] | Dec. 1979 | 1% | 9% | 7% | 10% | 4% | 18% | 40% | 10%[f] |
| Gallup[5] | Jan. 1980 | 3% | 9% | 9% | 9% | 0% | 27% | 33% | — |
| Gallup[5] | Jan. 1980 | 0% | 6% | 28% | 7% | 0% | 18% | 29% | — |
| Gallup[5] | Feb. 1980 | 2% | 6% | 17% | 4% | 1% | 32% | 34% | 3%[g] |
| Gallup[5] | Feb. 1980 | 3% | 7% | 16% | – | – | 25% | 44% | — |
- ^ Including 1% for Phil Crane.
- ^ Including 2% for Phil Crane.
- ^ Including 2% for Phil Crane.
- ^ Including 1% each for Phil Crane, Benjamin Fernandez, and Harold Stassen.
- ^ Including 1% each for Phil Crane, Benjamin Fernandez, and Harold Stassen.
- ^ Including 1% each for Phil Crane, Benjamin Fernandez, and Harold Stassen.
- ^ 1% each for Phil Crane, Benjamin Fernandez, and Harold Stassen.
Primary race
edit-
The Nashua debate between Reagan and Bush -
A Chicago debate with Philip Crane, Bush, moderator Eric Sevareid, Reagan, and John B. Anderson
.jpg)
Ronald Reagan, who had narrowly lost the 1976 Republican nomination to President Gerald Ford, was the early odds-on favorite to win the nomination in 1980. He was so far ahead in the polls that campaign director John Sears decided on an "above the fray" strategy. He did not attend many of the multi-candidate forums and straw polls in the summer and fall of 1979. George H. W. Bush, the former director of the Central Intelligence Agency and chairman of the Republican National Committee, did go to all the "cattle calls", and began to come in first at a number of these events. Along with the top two, a number of other Republican politicians entered the race. In January 1980, the Iowa Republicans decided to have a straw poll as a part of their caucuses for that year. Bush defeated Reagan by a small margin. Bush declared he had "the Big Mo", and with Reagan boycotting the Puerto Rico primary in deference to New Hampshire, Bush won the territory easily, giving him an early lead going into New Hampshire.
With the other candidates in single digits, the Nashua Telegraph offered to host a debate between Reagan and Bush. Worried that a newspaper-sponsored debate might violate electoral regulations, Reagan subsequently arranged to fund the event with his own campaign money, inviting the other candidates to participate at short notice. The Bush camp did not learn of Reagan's decision to include the other candidates until the debate was due to commence. Bush refused to participate, which led to an impasse on the stage. As Reagan attempted to explain his decision, Jon Breen, the editor of the Nashua Telegraph and debate moderator, ordered a technician to mute Reagan's microphone. When the technician refused, Breen repeated his order. A visibly angry Reagan responded, "I am paying for this microphone, Mr. Green [sic]!"[6][7][8] Eventually the other candidates agreed to leave, and the debate proceeded between Reagan and Bush. Reagan's quote was often repeated as "I paid for this microphone!" and dominated news coverage of the event; Reagan sailed to an easy win in New Hampshire.[9]
Lee Bandy, a writer for the South Carolina newspaper The State stated that heading into the South Carolina primary, political operative Lee Atwater worked to engineer a victory for Reagan: "Lee Atwater figured that Connally was their biggest threat here in South Carolina. So Lee leaked a story to me that John Connally was trying to buy the black vote. Well, that story got out, thanks to me, and it probably killed Connally. He spent $10 million for one delegate. Lee saved Ronald Reagan's candidacy."[10]
Reagan swept the South, and although he lost five more primaries to Bush—including the Massachusetts primary in which he came in third place behind John B. Anderson—the former governor had a lock on the nomination very early in the season. Reagan said he would always be grateful to the people of Iowa for giving him "the kick in the pants" he needed.
Reagan was an adherent to a policy known as supply-side economics, which argues that economic growth can be most effectively created using incentives for people to produce (supply) goods and services, such as adjusting income tax and capital gains tax rates. Accordingly, Reagan promised an economic revival that would benefit all sectors of the population. He said that cutting tax rates would actually increase tax revenues because the lower rates would cause people to work harder as they would be able to keep more of their money. Reagan also called for a drastic cut in "big government" and pledged to deliver a balanced budget for the first time since 1969. In the primaries, Bush called Reagan's economic policy "voodoo economics" because it promised to lower taxes and increase revenues at the same time.
Results
editTablemaker's Note:[a]
| Date (daily totals) |
Contest | Total pledged delegates | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Delegates won and popular vote | |||||||||||
| Ronald Reagan | George Bush | John B. Anderson | Howard Baker | Phil Crane |
John Connally | Bob Dole | Others | Uncommitted | |||
| January 21 | Iowa Caucus[11] 106,608 |
0 (of 38) | 31,348 (29.40%) |
33,530 (31.45%) |
4,585 (4.30%) |
16,773 (15.73%) |
7,135 (6.69%) |
9,861 (9.25%) |
1,576 (1.48%) |
– | 1,800 (1.69%) |
| February 2 | Arkansas District Conventions[12] |
12 (of 19) | 6 Del. | 1 Del. | – | 4 Del. | – | – | – | – | 1 Del. |
| February 16 | Arkansas State Convention[13] |
7 (of 19) | 1 Del. | 1 Del. | – | – | – | 1 Del. | – | – | 4 Del. |
| February 17 | Puerto Rico Primary[14] 187,946 |
14 (of 20) | – | 14 Del. 112,901 (60.07%) |
– | 70,025 (37.26%) |
– | 2,039 (1.08%) |
457 (0.24%) |
2,524[b] (1.34%) |
– |
| February 26 | New Hampshire Primary[15] 146,782 |
23 (of 23) | 15 Del. 72,734 (49.55%) |
5 Del. 33,304 (22.69%) |
14,622 (9.96%) |
2 Del. 18,760 (12.78%) |
2,633 (1.79%) |
2,215 (1.51%) |
608 (0.41%) |
1,906 WI[c] (1.30%) |
– |
| March 1 | Iowa County Conventions[16] 2,902 CDs |
0 (of 38) | 925 CDs (31.87%) |
1,150 CDs (39.63%) |
64 CDs (2.21%) |
322 CDs (11.10%) |
91 CDs (3.14%) |
127 CDs (4.38%) |
2 CDs (0.07%) |
– | 221 CDs (7.62%) |
| March 4 | Massachusetts Primary[17] 400,826 |
42 (of 42) | 13 Del. 115,334 (28.77%) |
14 Del. 124,365 (31.03%) |
13 Del. 122,987 (30.68%) |
2 Del. 19,366 (4.82%) |
4,669 (1.16%) |
4,714 (1.18%) |
577 (0.14%) |
6,571 WI[d] (1.64%) |
2,243 (0.56%) |
| Vermont Primary[18] 65,611 |
0 (of 19) | 19,720 (30.06%) |
14,226 (21.68%) |
19,030 (29.00%) |
8,055 (12.28%) |
1,238 (1.89%) |
884 WI (1.35%) |
– | 2,458 WI[e] (3.75%) |
– | |
| March 8 | South Carolina Primary[19] 145,501 |
25 (of 25) | 25 Del. 79,549 (54.67%) |
21,569 (14.82%) |
– | 773 (0.53%) |
– | 43,113 (29.63%) |
117 (0.08%) |
380 [f] (0.26%) |
– |
| March 11 (126) |
Alabama Primary[20] 211,353 |
27 (of 27) | 18 Del. 147,352 (69.72%) |
9 Del. 54,730 (25.90%) |
– | 1,963 (0.93%) |
5,099 (2.41%) |
1,077 (0.51%) |
447 (0.21%) |
685 [g] (0.32%) |
– |
| Florida Primary[21] 614,995 |
51 (of 51) | 51 Del. 345,699 (56.21%) |
185,996 (30.24%) |
56,636 (9.21%) |
6,345 (1.03%) |
12,000 (1.95%) |
4,958 (0.81%) |
1,086 (0.18%) |
2,275 [h] (0.37%) |
– | |
| Georgia Primary[22] 200,171 |
36 (of 36) | 36 Del. 146,500 (73.18%) |
25,293 (12.64%) |
16,853 (8.42%) |
1,571 (0.78%) |
6,308 (3.15%) |
2,388 (1.19%) |
249 (0.12%) |
1,009 [i] (0.50%) |
– | |
| March 18 | Illinois Pres. Primary[23] 1,130,081 |
0 (of 92) | 547,355 (48.44%) |
124,057 (10.98%) |
415,193 (36.74%) |
7,051 (0.62%) |
24,865 (2.20%) |
4,548 (0.40%) |
1,843 (0.16%) |
5,169 [j] (0.46%) |
– |
| Illinois Del. Primary[24] |
92 (of 92) | 46 Del. | 2 Del. | 26 Del. | – | 4 Del. | – | – | – | – | |
| March 25 | Connecticut Primary[25] 182,284 |
35 (of 35) | 14 Del. 61,735 (33.87%) |
15 Del. 70,367 (38.60%) |
6 Del. 40,354 (22.14%) |
2,446 (1.34%) |
1,887 (1.04%) |
598 (0.33%) |
333 (0.18%) |
308 [k] (0.17%) |
4,256 (2.33%) |
| New York Del. Primary[26][27] |
117 (of 123) | 72 Del. | 6 Del. | 1 Del. | – | – | – | – | – | 38 Del. | |
| April 1 | Kansas Primary[28] 285,398 |
35 (of 35) | 20 Del. 179,739 (62.98%) |
4 Del. 35,838 (12.56%) |
5 Del. 51,924 (18.19%) |
3,603 (1.26%) |
1,367 (0.48%) |
2,067 (0.72%) |
– | 4,134 [l] (1.45%) |
6,726 (2.36%) |
| Wisconsin Primary[29] 907,853 |
34 (of 34) | 28 Del. 364,898 (40.19%) |
276,164 (30.42%) |
6 Del. 248,623 (27.39%) |
3,298 (0.36%) |
2,951 (0.33%) |
2,312 (0.26%) |
– | 7,012 WI[m] (0.77%) |
4,951 (0.29%) | |
| April 5 | Louisiana Primary[30] 42,397 |
29 (of 29) | 29 Del. 31,256 (73.72%) |
8,066 (19.02%) |
– | – | – | – | – | 820 [n] (1.93%) |
2,255 (5.32%) |
| April 17 | North Dakota State Convention[31] |
28 (of 28) | 12 Del. | 1 Del. | – | – | – | – | – | – | 4 Del. |
| April 19 | Maine State Convention[32] |
21 (of 21) | – | 17 Del. | – | – | – | – | – | – | 4 Del. |
| Minnesota District Conventions[o][33] |
6 (of 34) | 6 Del. | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
| April 20 | Alaska State Convention[34] |
19 (of 19) | 19 Del. | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| April 22 | Pennsylvania Pres. Primary[35] 1,241,411 |
0 (of 83) | 527,916 (42.53%) |
626,759 (50.49%) |
26,890 WI (2.17%) |
30,846 (2.49%) |
– | 10,656 (0.86%) |
– | 18,344 [p] (1.48%) |
– |
| Pennsylvania Del. Primary[35] |
76 (of 83) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 76 Del.[q] | |
| Vermont Caucus[36] 979 SDs[r] |
0 (of 19) | 318 SDs (32.48%) |
67 SDs (6.84%) |
13 SDs (1.33%) |
– | – | – | – | – | – | |
| April 26 | Minnesota District Conventions[s][37] |
3 (of 34) | 3 Del. | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Missouri District Conventions[t][38][39] |
15 (of 37) | 15 Del. | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
| May 3 | Arizona State Convention[40] |
28 (of 28) | 28 Del. | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Minnesota District Conventions[u][41] |
12 (of 34) | 4 Del. | 8 Del. | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
| Missouri District Conventions[v][39] |
15 (of 37) | 15 Del. | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
| Oklahoma State Convention[40] |
28 (of 28) | 28 Del. | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
| Texas Primary[42] 526,769 |
80 (of 80) | 65 Del. 268,798 (50.49%) |
15 Del. 249,819 (47.43%) |
– | – | – | – | – | – | 8,152 (1.55%) | |
| May 6 | Washington, D.C. Pres. Primary[43] 7,529 |
0 (of 14) | – | 4,973 (66.05%) |
2,025 (26.90%) |
– | – | – | – | 261 [w] (3.47%) |
– |
| Washington, D.C. Del. Primary[43] |
14 (of 14) | – | 14 Del. | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
| Indiana Primary[42] 568,313 |
56 (of 56) | 56 Del. 419,016 (73.73%) |
92,955 (16.36%) |
56,342 (9.91%) |
– | – | – | – | – | – | |
| North Carolina Primary[44] 168,391 |
40 (of 40) | 30 Del. 113,854 (67.61%) |
10 Del. 36,631 (21.75%) |
8,542 (5.07%) |
2,543 (1.51%) |
547 (0.33%) |
1,107 (0.66%) |
629 (0.37%) |
– | 4,538 (2.70%) | |
| Tennessee Primary[44] 195,210 |
32 (of 32) | 24 Del. 144,625 (74.09%) |
8 Del. 35,274 (18.07%) |
8,722 (4.47%) |
16 WI (0.01%) |
1,574 (0.81%) |
1 WI (0.00%) |
629 (0.37%) |
22 WI[x] (0.01%) |
4,976 (2.55%) | |
| May 10 | Wyoming State Convention[45] |
19 (of 19) | 16 Del. | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 3 Del. |
| May 13 | Maryland Primary[46] 167,303 |
30 (of 30) | 15 Del. 80,557 (48.15%) |
15 Del. 68,389 (40.88%) |
16,244 (9.71%) |
– | 2,113 (1.26%) |
– | – | – | – |
| Nebraska Primary[46] 205,203 |
25 (of 25) | 25 Del. 155,995 (76.02%) |
31,380 (15.29%) |
11,879 (5.79%) |
– | 1,062 (0.52%) |
– | 1,420 (0.69%) |
3,467 [y] (1.69%) |
– | |
| May 17 | Hawaii State Convention[47] |
14 (of 14) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 14 Del. |
| May 20 (116) |
Michigan Primary[48] 595,176 |
82 (of 82) | 29 Del. 189,184 (31.79%) |
53 Del. 341,998 (57.46%) |
48,947 (8.22%) |
– | – | – | – | 4,782[z] (0.80%) |
10,265 (1.73%) |
| Oregon Primary[48] 315,366 |
29 (of 29) | 18 Del. 170,449 (54.05%) |
11 Del. 109,210 (34.63%) |
32,118 (10.18%) |
– | 2,324 (0.74%) |
– | – | 1,265 WI (0.40%) |
– | |
| May 17 | Delaware State Convention[49] |
21 (of 21) | 4 Del. | 6 Del. | – | – | – | – | – | – | 2 Del. |
| May 25 | Vermont State Convention[50] |
19 (of 19) | 16 Del. | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 3 Del. |
| May 27 | Idaho Primary[51] 134,879 |
17 (of 21) | 15 Del. 111,868 (82.94%) |
5,416 (4.02%) |
2 Del. 13,130 (9.74%) |
– | 1,024 (0.76%) |
– | – | – | 3,441 (2.55%) |
| Kentucky Primary[52] 94,795 |
27 (of 27) | 27 Del. 78,072 (82.36%) |
6,861 (7.24%) |
4,791 (5.05%) |
– | – | – | – | 1,987 [aa] (2.10%) |
3,084 (3.25%) | |
| Nevada Primary[53] 47,395 |
17 (of 17) | 14 Del. 39,352 (83.03%) |
1 Del. 3,078 (6.49%) |
– | – | – | – | – | – | 2 Del. 4,965 (10.48%) | |
| May 30 | Minnesota State Convention[54] |
10 (of 34) | 10 Del. | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| May 31 | Colorado District Conventions[ab][55] |
3 (of 31) | 3 Del. | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Missouri State Convention[56] |
7 (of 37) | 7 Del. | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
| June 3 | California Primary[57] 2,564,072 |
168 (of 168) | 168 Del. 2,057,923 (80.26%) |
125,113 (4.88%) |
349,315 (13.62%) |
– | 21,465 (0.84%) |
– | – | 10,256 [ac] (0.40%) |
– |
| Mississippi Del. Primary[58] 25,751 |
22 (of 22) | 22 Del. 23,028 (89.43%) |
2,105 (8.17%) |
– | – | – | – | – | – | 618 (2.40%) | |
| Montana Primary[58] 79,473 |
0 (of 20) | 68,794 (86.56%) |
7,665 (9.65%) |
– | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
| New Jersey Pres. Primary[59] 277,977 |
0 (of 66) | 225,959 (81.29%) |
47,447 (17.07%) |
– | – | – | – | – | 4,571 [ad] (1.64%) |
– | |
| New Jersey Del. Primary[59] 79,473 |
66 (of 66) | 63 Del. | 2 Del. | – | – | – | – | – | – | 1 Del. | |
| New Mexico Primary[60] 59,546 |
22 (of 22) | 22 Del. 37,982 (63.79%) |
5,892 (9.90%) |
– | 4,412 (7.41%) |
– | – | – | 2,742 [ae] (4.60%) |
1,347 (2.26%) | |
| Ohio Primary[61] 856,773 |
77 (of 77) | 77 Del. 692,288 (80.80%) |
164,485 (19.20%) |
– | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
| Rhode Island Primary[57] 5,335 |
13 (of 13) | 12 Del. 3,839 (71.96%) |
1 Del. 993 (18.61%) |
– | – | – | – | – | 155 [af] (2.91%) |
348 (6.52%) | |
| South Dakota Primary[62] 82,905 |
22 (of 22) | 22 Del. 72,861 (87.89%) |
3,691 (4.45%) |
– | – | – | – | – | 987 [ag] (1.19%) |
5,366 (6.47%) | |
| West Virginia Pres. Primary[57] 138,016 |
0 (of 18) | 115,407 (83.62%) |
19,509 (14.14%) |
– | – | – | – | – | 3,100 [ah] (2.25%) |
– | |
| West Virginia Del. Primary[57] 138,016 |
18 (of 18) | 15 Del. | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 3 Del. | |
| June 6 | Iowa District Conventions[63][64] |
30 (of 37) | 17 Del. | 13 Del. | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Washington State Convention[65] |
37 (of 37) | 34 Del. | 1 Del. | 1 Del. | – | – | – | – | – | 1 Del. | |
| June 7 | Colorado State Conventions[ai][66] |
28 (of 31) | 28 Del. | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Iowa State Convention[64] |
7 (of 30) | 4 Del. | 3 Del. | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
| June 8 | Montana State Convention[67] |
20 (of 20) | 20 Del. | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| June 28 | Idaho State Convention[68] |
4 (of 21) | 4 Del. | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Utah State Convention[69] |
21 (of 21) | 21 Del. | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
| 1,990 delegates 12,894,286 votes |
1,407 7,709,793 (59.79%) |
250 3,070,033 (23.81%) |
59 1,572,174 (12.19%) |
8 181,153 (1.41%) |
4 97,793 (0.76%) |
1 82,625 (0.64%) |
0 7,204 (0.06%) |
0 5,702,278 (52.64%) |
156 112,560 (0.87%) | ||
The Republican National Convention was held in Detroit, Michigan, from July 14 to 17, 1980.
Endorsements
editRonald Reagan
- New Hampshire Union Leader of Manchester, New Hampshire[70]
- Former governor Deane C. Davis of Vermont[71]
- Senator Bob Dole of Kansas (former candidate)[72]
- State senator and former representative Donald "Buz" Lukens of Ohio[73]
- Representative Thomas N. Kindness of Ohio[73]
- Former representative John Bell Williams of Mississippi
John B. Connally Jr.
- Senator Strom Thurmond of South Carolina[74]
- Governor Bill Clements of Texas[75]
- Senator Henry Bellmon of Oklahoma[76]
- Former senator Clifford Hansen of Wyoming[76]
- Former governor Tim Babcock of Montana[76]
- Mayor Buddy Cianci of Providence, Rhode Island[77]
- Former U.S. postmaster general Winton M. Blount of Alabama[76]
- Former U.S. attorney general Herbert Brownell of New York[76]
- Former RNC chair Leonard Hall of New York[76]
- Former NY attorney general Louis J. Lefkowitz of New York[76]
- Retired admiral Thomas Hinman Moorer, former chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, of Maryland[76]
- NASCAR driver Richard Petty of North Carolina[78]
- Future Mississippi governor Haley Barbour[79]
- Actor Hugh O'Brian[80]
George H. W. Bush
- Former state representative Francis W. Hatch Jr. of Massachusetts[81]
- Former United States attorney general and commerce secretary Elliot Richardson of Massachusetts[81]
- Former senator, ambassador and 1960 Republican vice presidential nominee Henry Cabot Lodge Jr. of Massachusetts[81]
- Former senator Robert Taft Jr. of Ohio[73]
- Former senator and U.S. attorney general William B. Saxbe of Ohio[73]
- Governor William Milliken of Michigan[82]
- Representative Bill Green of New York[83]
- Senator Charles Mathias of Maryland[84]
- Former ambassador, chief of protocol and actress Shirley Temple Black[85]
- Actress Tammy Grimes[80]
- Pitcher Tom Seaver[80]
- Decathlete Bob Mathias[80]
John B. Anderson
- Middlesex County Sheriff John J. Buckley of Massachusetts[81]
- State Representative Paul Cellucci of Massachusetts[81]
- Former senator Edward Brooke of Massachusetts[81]
- Representative Jim Jeffords of Vermont[71]
- Representative Pete McCloskey of California[86]
- Representative Paul Findley[87] of Illinois
- Representative David F. Emery[87] of Maine
- The Hutchinson News of Hutchinson, Kansas[72]
Howard Baker
- Former governor Walter R. Peterson Jr. of New Hampshire[70]
- State attorney general Thomas D. Rath[70]
- Former representative Perkins Bass[70]
- Senator William Cohen[87]
- Governor Richard A. Snelling of Vermont[71]
- Singer Ray Stevens[80]
- Singer Johnny Paycheck[80]
- Singer Johnny Russell[80]
Phil Crane
See also
edit
Notes
edit- ^ This should not be taken as a finalized list of results. While a significant amount of research was done, there were a number of Delegates who were not bound by the instruction, or "Pledged" to a candidate, and to simplify the data these delegates were considered "Uncommitted". Some states also held primaries for the delegate positions, and these on occasion were where slates or candidates pledge to a certain candidate might be elected; however, as these elections allowed for a single person to vote for multiple candidates, as many as the number of positions being filled, it is difficult to determine how many people actually voted in these primaries. For this reason, while the results of some are in the table, they are not included in the popular vote summaries at the bottom of the table.
- ^ Includes 1,822 votes (0.97%) for Ben Fernandez and 589 votes (0.31%) for Harold Stassen.
- ^ Includes 380 Write-In votes (0.26%) for Gerald Ford.
- ^ Includes 3,398 Write-In votes (0.85%) for Gerald Ford, 374 votes (0.09%) for Benjamin Fernandez, and 218 votes (0.05%) for Harold Stassen.
- ^ Includes 2,300 Write-In votes (3.51%) for Harold Stassen and 105 Write-In votes (0.16%) for Harold Stassen.
- ^ Includes 171 votes (0.12%) for Benjamin Fernandez and 150 votes (0.10%) for Harold Stassen.
- ^ Includes 544 votes (0.26%) for Harold Stassen.
- ^ Includes 1,377 votes (0.22%) for Harold Stassen and 898 votes (0.15%) for Benjmain Fernandez.
- ^ Includes 809 votes (0.40%) for Benjmain Fernandez and 200 votes (0.10%) for Harold Stassen.
- ^ Includes 3,757 votes (0.33%) for Veldi Arvel "VA" Kelley and 1,106 Write-In votes (0.10%) for Gerald Ford.
- ^ All 308 votes (0.17%) for Benjmain Fernandez.
- ^ Includes 809 votes (0.40%) for Benjmain Fernandez and 200 votes (0.10%) for Harold Stassen.
- ^ Includes 1,051 votes (0.12%) for Benjmain Fernandez and 1,010 votes (0.11%) for Harold Stassen.
- ^ Includes 150 votes (0.35%) for Harold Stassen and 125 votes (0.29%) for Benjmain Fernandez.
- ^ Only two of eight districts held conventions on this date.
- ^ Includes 6,767 votes (0.55%) for Harold Stassen and 2,521 votes (0.20%) for Benjmain Fernandez.
- ^ It was generally felt that Reagan had won over the vast majority of those delegates elected, though legally they were uncommitted.
- ^ Results only for 537 of the 979 Delegates were accounted for in the source.
- ^ Only one of eight districts held conventions on this date.
- ^ Only five of ten districts held conventions on this date.
- ^ Only five of eight districts held conventions on this date.
- ^ Only five of ten districts held conventions on this date.
- ^ Includes 201 votes (2.67%) for Harold Stassen and 60 votes (0.80%) for Benjmain Fernandez.
- ^ Includes 14 Write-In votes (0.01%) for Gerald Ford.
- ^ Includes 799 votes (0.39%) for Harold Stassen and 400 votes (0.20%) for Benjmain Fernandez.
- ^ Includes 2,248 votes (0.38%) for Benjmain Fernandez and 1,938 votes (0.33%) for Harold Stassen.
- ^ Includes 1,223 votes (1.29%) for Harold Stassen and 764 votes (0.81%) for Benjmain Fernandez.
- ^ Only one of five districts held conventions on this date.
- ^ Includes 10,242 votes (0.40%) for Benjmain Fernandez.
- ^ All votes for Harold Stassen.
- ^ Includes 1,795 votes (3.01%) for Benjmain Fernandez and 947 votes (1.59%) for Harold Stassen.
- ^ Includes 107 votes (2.01%) for Harold Stassen and 48 votes (0.90%) for Benjmain Fernandez.
- ^ All votes for Harold Stassen.
- ^ All votes for Harold Stassen.
- ^ The results four district conventions are included, their exact dates not being found.
References
edit- ^ "Reagan Maneuvering His Bandwagon," Washington Post, April 18, 1980.
- ^ Sidey, Hugh (May 29, 1978). "The Presidency: Roses with a Touch of Ragweed". Time.
- ^ "Republicans: There's Life in the Old Party Yet". time. November 15, 1976.
- ^ Clymer, Adam (March 8, 1979). "Backers of Reagan Open His Campaign". New York Times. p. A18. Retrieved March 20, 2020.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p "US President – R Primaries". OurCampaigns.com. November 16, 2004. Retrieved October 29, 2020.
- ^ "Reagan's Nashua Moment". Retrieved February 11, 2024 – via www.youtube.com.
- ^ "Nation: We Were Sandbagged". Time. March 10, 1980.
- ^ "Molloy Sound and Video Contractors: Articles (1/1/11)". Molloysoundandvideo.com. February 10, 2000. Retrieved January 22, 2011.
- ^ Dunham, Richard (October 20, 2009). "New book tells inside story of pivotal Bush-Reagan debate in Nashua". The Houston Chronicle.
- ^ Forbes, Stefan (2008). "Transcript – Boogie Man: The Lee Atwater Story". PBS Frontline.
- ^ "BUSH WINS BY 2,182 VOTES". The Des Moines Register. Des Moines, Iowa. January 25, 1980. Retrieved March 18, 2024.
- ^ "ARKANSAS GOP SELECTS SEVERAL DELEGATES BUT MORE ARE TO BE PICKED FEB 16TH". The Daily World. Helena, Arkansas. February 4, 1980. Retrieved March 18, 2024.
- ^ "ARKANSAS GOP SELECTS SEVERAL DELEGATES BUT MORE ARE TO BE PICKED FEB 16TH". The Times. Shreveport, Louisiana. February 17, 1980. Retrieved March 18, 2024.
- ^ "BUSH WINS ALL IN PUERTO RICO". The Miami Herald. Miami, Florida. February 4, 1980. Retrieved March 18, 2024.
- ^ "BAKER TAKES SOLID 3D IN GOP CONTEST". The Boston Globe. Boston, Massachusetts. February 27, 1980. Retrieved March 18, 2024.
- ^ "BUSH SOLIDIFIES WIN OVER REAGAN IN COUNTY TALLY". The Des Moines Register. Des Moines, Iowa. March 3, 1980. Retrieved March 18, 2024.
- ^ "VERMONT GOES TO REAGAN, MASSACHUSETTS TO BUSH". The New York Times. New York, New York. March 6, 1980. Retrieved March 18, 2024.
- ^ "STATE DELEGATE FIGHT HAS ALREADY BEGUN". The Times Argus. Barre, Vermont. March 6, 1980. Retrieved March 18, 2024.
- ^ "REAGAN WIN CRUSHES FIELD IN GOP VOTE". The State. Columbia, South Carolina. March 9, 1980. Retrieved March 18, 2024.
- ^ "KENNEDY GETS 2 DELEGATES". Birmingham Post-Herald. Birmingham, Alabama. March 17, 1980. Retrieved March 18, 2024.
- ^ "CARTER, REAGAN SWEEP SOUTH". The Miami Herald. Miami, Florida. March 12, 1980. Retrieved March 18, 2024.
- ^ "HERE'S DELEGATE BREAKDOWN OF CANDIDATE PREFERENCE". The Columbus Ledger. Columbus, Georgia. March 12, 1980. Retrieved March 18, 2024.
- ^ "ANDERSON LOSES HOME STATE". Chicago Tribune. Chicago, Illinois. March 19, 1980. Retrieved March 18, 2024.
- ^ "ILLINOIS PRIMARY FINAL RESULTS". Southern Illinoisan. Carbondale, Illinois. March 20, 1980. Retrieved March 18, 2024.
- ^ "REAGAN FELL JUST SHY OF DELEGATE MAJORITY". Hartford Courant. Hartford, Connecticut. March 29, 1980. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
- ^ "BUSH VICTORIOUS OVER REAGAN IN CONNECTICUT PRIMARY". New York Times. New York, New York. March 26, 1980. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
- ^ "SCORECARD OF DELEGATES". New York Times. New York, New York. March 26, 1980. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
- ^ "STATE MOVES TO DELEGATE STEP". The Marysville Advocate. Marysville, Kansas. April 3, 1980. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
- ^ "STATE FINAL VOTE TOTALS". Wisconsin State Journal. Madison, Wisconsin. April 3, 1980. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
- ^ "STATE VOTE TOTALS". The Daily Advertiser. Lafayette, Louisiana. April 7, 1980. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
- ^ "REAGAN WINS NORTH DAKOTA". The Times. Shreveport, Louisiana. April 18, 1980. Retrieved March 23, 2024.
- ^ "BUSH CAPTURES MAINE DELEGATES". The Bangor Daily News. Bangor, Maine. April 21, 1980. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
- ^ "REAGAN GAINS DELEGATES IN MISSOURI". St. Cloud Times. Saint Cloud, Minnesota. April 21, 1980. Retrieved March 23, 2024.
- ^ "ALASKA REPUBLICANS TO VOTE FOR REAGAN". Daily Sitka Sentinel. Sitka, Alaska. April 21, 1980. Retrieved March 24, 2024.
- ^ a b "KENNEDY, CARTER IN CLIFFHANGER; BUSH, FLAHERTY, SPECTER WINNERS". The Pittsburgh Press. Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. April 23, 1980. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
- ^ "REPUBLICANS". The Times Argus. Barre, Vermont. April 23, 1980. Retrieved March 18, 2024.
- ^ "REAGAN ADDS TO DELEGATE COUNT". St. Cloud Times. Saint Cloud, Minnesota. April 28, 1980. Retrieved March 23, 2024.
- ^ "REAGAN GAINS DELEGATES IN MISSOURI". The Kansas City Star. Kansas City, Missouri. February 4, 1980. Retrieved March 23, 2024.
- ^ a b "REAGAN GAINS DELEGATES IN MISSOURI". St. Louis Post-Dispatch. St. Louis, Missouri. February 4, 1980. Retrieved March 23, 2024.
- ^ a b "REAGAN SWEEPS STATE DELEGATES AT CONVENTION". Arizona Republic. Phoenix, Arizona. May 4, 1980. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
- ^ "BUSH WINS EIGHT DELEGATES". The Winona Daily News. Winona, Minnesota. May 5, 1980. Retrieved March 23, 2024.
- ^ a b "BUSH LIKELY TO FIND TIME RUNNING OUT". Fort Worth Star-Telegram. Fort Worth, Texas. May 5, 1980. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
- ^ a b "CARTER, REAGAN PAD LEADS WITH PRIMARY WINS". The Baltimore Sun. Baltimore, Maryland. May 7, 1980. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
- ^ a b "CARTER, REAGAN HOLD THREE-QUARTERS OF NEEDED DELEGATES". The Roanoke Times. Roanoke, Virginia. May 7, 1980. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
- ^ "WYOMING ADDED TO REAGAN LIST". The Los Angeles Times. Los Angeles, California. May 11, 1980. Retrieved March 23, 2024.
- ^ a b "CARTER, REAGAN WIN EASILY". The Evening Sun. Baltimore, Maryland. May 14, 1980. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
- ^ "GOP DELEGATES PICK 'OPEN-MINDED' STANCE". The Honolulu Advertiser. Honolulu, Hawaii. May 18, 1980. Retrieved March 24, 2024.
- ^ a b "BUSH STRUGGLES TO CASH IN ON MICHIGAN WIN". Detroit Free Press. Detroit, Michigan. May 22, 1980. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
- ^ "BUSH IS VICTOR AT DELAWARE CONVENTION". The Morning News. Wilmington, Delaware. April 21, 1980. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
- ^ "VERMONT IS REAGAN'S; KENNEDY BEATS CARTER". Arizona Republic. Phoenix, Arizona. May 25, 1980. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
- ^ "FINAL RETURNS". The Times-News. Twin Falls, Idaho. May 29, 1980. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
- ^ "CARTER". The State Journal. Frankfort, Kentucky. May 28, 1980. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
- ^ "CARTER IS ONLY 86 DELEGATES SHY OF GOAL". Merced Sun-Star. Merced, California. May 28, 1980. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
- ^ "REAGAN SWEEP LEAVES FEELINGS". The Austin Daily Herald. Austin, Minnesota. May 31, 1980. Retrieved March 23, 2024.
- ^ "REAGAN, CARTER WIN STATE POLLS". The Daily Sentinel. Grand Junction, Colorado. June 2, 1980. Retrieved March 24, 2024.
- ^ "U.S. MUST BE STRONG, REAGAN SAYS HERE". St. Louis Post-Dispatch. St. Louis, Missouri. June 1, 1980. Retrieved March 23, 2024.
- ^ a b c d "CAPSULE LOOK AT RESULTS OF 9-STATE PRESIDENTIAL RACE". Oakland Tribune. Oakland, California. June 4, 1980. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
- ^ a b "CAPSULE LOOK AT RESULTS OF 9-STATE PRESIDENTIAL RACE". The Greenwood Commonwealth. Greenwood, Mississippi. June 4, 1980. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
- ^ a b "TED'S FORCES HAIL JERSEY VOTE MARGIN". The Jersey Journal. Jersey City, New Jersey. June 5, 1980. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
- ^ "KENNEDY BACKERS IN N.M. JUBILANT". The Albuquerque Tribune. Albuquerque, New Mexico. June 4, 1980. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
- ^ "CARTER WINS OHIO DESPITE STRONG SHOWING BY KENNEDY". The Cincinnati Post. Cincinnati, Ohio. June 4, 1980. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
- ^ "NOVEMBER IN SIGHT". Lead Daily Call. Lead, South Dakota. June 4, 1980. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
- ^ "DEAL FALTERS, GOP DELEGATES SPLIT". The Gazette. Cedar Rapids, Iowa. June 7, 1980. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
- ^ a b "GOV. RAY TO HEAD DELEGATION TO DETROIT". The Gazette. Cedar Rapids, Iowa. June 8, 1980. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
- ^ "REAGAN: 34 DELEGATES". The Spokesman-Review. Spokane, Washington. June 29, 1980. Retrieved March 23, 2024.
- ^ "STATE DELEGATES BACK REAGAN BUT UNDECIDED ON RUNNING MATE". The Daily Sentinel. Grand Junction, Colorado. June 8, 1980. Retrieved March 24, 2024.
- ^ "STATES GOP DELEGATES ACHIEVE UNITY WITH REAGAN". The Missoulian. Missoula, Montana. June 9, 1980. Retrieved March 23, 2024.
- ^ "IDAHO GOP FAVORS TAX CHANGES". The Idaho Statesman. Boise, Idaho. June 29, 1980. Retrieved March 23, 2024.
- ^ "GOP NOMINATES WRIGHT TO RUN FOR GOVERNOR". The Salt Lake Tribune. Salt Lake City, Utah. June 29, 1980. Retrieved March 23, 2024.
- ^ a b c d "1980 New Hampshire Republican Primary". Our Campaigns. Retrieved April 21, 2020.
- ^ a b c "1980 Vermont Republican Primary". Our Campaigns. Retrieved April 21, 2020.
- ^ a b "1980 Kansas Republican Primary". Our Campaigns. Retrieved April 21, 2020.
- ^ a b c d "1980 Ohio Republican Primary". Our Campaigns. Retrieved April 21, 2020.
- ^ "1980 South Carolina Republican Primary". Our Campaigns. Retrieved April 21, 2020.
- ^ Brill, Steven (November 18, 1979). "1980 New Hampshire Republican Primary". The New York Times.
- ^ a b c d e f g h "1980 New Hampshire Republican Primary". The Washington Post.
- ^ "1980 New Hampshire Republican Primary". November 1979.
- ^ "Some race car drivers have become so successful they have become capitalists". The Boston Globe. February 13, 1980.
- ^ "Haley Barbour (R) – WhoRunsGov.com/The Washington Post". February 21, 2011. Archived from the original on February 21, 2011. Retrieved February 11, 2024.
- ^ a b c d e f g "Politics and Hollywood". The Washington Post. March 8, 1980.
- ^ a b c d e f "1980 Massachusetts Republican Primary". Our Campaigns. Retrieved April 21, 2020.
- ^ "THE FLIP-FLOP WOES". January 13, 2008.
- ^ "How Bush Has Altered Views". The Washington Post. August 18, 1988.
- ^ "Interview with Charles McC. Mathias". October 18, 1995.
- ^ Edwards, Anne (1988). Shirley Temple: American Princess. William Morrow and Company, Inc. p. 351. ISBN 978-0-688-06051-0.
- ^ "McCloskey Buries the Hatchet by Endorsing Reagan". The Washington Post. September 26, 1980.
- ^ a b c "John Anderson: The Nice Guy Syndrome". The Atlantic. February 1980.
- ^ "1980 Georgia Republican Primary". Our Campaigns. Retrieved April 21, 2020.