Third-party and independent candidates for the 2024 United States presidential election
This article lists third party and independent candidates, also jointly known as minor candidates, associated with the 2024 United States presidential election.
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General election candidates
editThis section possibly contains synthesis of material which does not verifiably mention or relate to the main topic. (August 2024) |
Candidates with majority ballot access
editThe following general election candidates currently have ballot access to at least 270 electoral votes, the minimum number required to win the electoral college. Ballot access deadlines vary from state to state.
Party
|
Presidential nominee | Vice presidential nominee | Campaign | States with ballot access |
---|---|---|---|---|
Chase Oliver Nominee for U.S. Senator from Georgia in 2022 and sales executive from Georgia |
Mike ter Maat Former economist at Office of Management and Budget and police officer from Florida |
Website Campaign |
Certified for ballot (46 states, 473 electors)[i] Registered write-in (One state, 19 electors)[ii] Automatic write-in (One state, four electors)[iii] Not on ballot | |
Jill Stein Nominee for U.S. president in 2012 and 2016 from Massachusetts |
Butch Ware Academic from California |
Website Campaign |
Certified for ballot (37 states, 426 electors)[iv] Petition awaiting certification (Three states, 20 electors)[v] Registered write-in (One state, 19 electors)[vi] Automatic write-in (Three states, 12 electors)[vii] Not on ballot |
Candidates with majority ballot or write-in access
editThe following candidates will have either ballot or write-in access to more than 270 electoral votes, the minimum number required to attain the presidency.
Party
|
Presidential nominee | Vice presidential nominee | Campaign | States with ballot access |
---|---|---|---|---|
Claudia De la Cruz Activist from New York |
Karina Garcia Activist from California |
Website Campaign FEC filing[18] |
Certified for ballot (18 states, 221 electors)[viii] Petition awaiting certification (Two states, 15 electors)[ix] Registered write-in (Six states, 88 electors)[x] Automatic write-in (Five states, 43 electors)[xi] Not on ballot | |
Cornel West Academic and activist from California |
Melina Abdullah Academic and activist from California |
Website Campaign FEC filing[29][30][31] |
Certified for ballot (16 states, 141 electors)[xii] Registered write-in (Three states, 70 electors)[xiii] Automatic write-in (Seven states, 59 electors)[xiv] Not on ballot |
Candidates with partial ballot access
editThe following general election candidates will have ballot access to fewer than 270 electoral votes, the minimum number required to attain the presidency.
Party
|
Presidential nominee | Vice presidential nominee | Campaign | States with ballot access |
---|---|---|---|---|
Randall Terry Activist and perennial candidate from Tennessee |
Stephen Broden Pastor and political commentator from Texas |
Website Campaign Additional party nominations: Constitution Party of Oregon (OR)[d] Listed as an Independent in: ID |
Certified for ballot (12 states, 133 electors)[xv] Automatic write-in (Seven states, 48 electors)[xvi] Not on ballot State party rejected nominee (Four states, 19 electors)[xvii] | |
Peter Sonski Local politician from Connecticut |
Lauren Onak Teacher from Massachusetts |
Website Campaign June 13, 2023 FEC filing[41] Listed as an Independent in: OH |
Certified for ballot (Seven states, 74 electors)[xviii] Registered write-in (Seven states, 98 electors)[xix] Automatic write-in (Nine states, 70 electors)[xx] Not on ballot | |
Rachele Fruit Activist from Florida |
Dennis Richter[e] Activist from Minnesota |
March 4, 2024 Listed as an Independent in: TN |
Certified for ballot (Six states, 58 electors)[xxi] Automatic write-in (Seven states, 53 electors)[xxii] Not on ballot | |
Joseph Kishore Writer and Socialist Equality Party National Secretary |
Jerry White Perennial candidate and editor from New York |
Website February 27, 2024 Listed as an Independent in: MI |
Certified for ballot (Three states, 41 electors)[xxiii] Automatic write-in (Eight states, 56 electors)[xxiv] Not on ballot | |
Shiva Ayyadurai Entrepreneur from Massachusetts[f] |
Crystal Ellis 2022 gubernatorial candidate from Nebraska |
Website September 4, 2023 FEC filing[49] |
Certified for ballot (Five states, 38 electors)[xxv] Registered write-in (Eight states, 121 electors)[xxvi] Automatic write-in (Eight states, 64 electors)[xxvii] Not on ballot | |
Richard Duncan Perennial candidate from Ohio |
Mitch Bupp
Perennial candidate from Ohio |
Certified for ballot (One state, 17 electors)[xxviii] Automatic write-in (Nine states, 70 electors)[xxix] Not on ballot | ||
Joel Skousen Survivalist and consultant from Utah |
Rik Combs Businessman and Libertarian nominee for governor of Missouri in 2020 from Missouri |
Website May 6, 2024 |
Certified for ballot (Three states, 16 electors)[xxx] Automatic write-in (Nine states, 70 electors)[xxxi] Not on ballot
| |
Jay Bowman Writer and activist from Kentucky |
De Bowman Activist and brother of Jay Bowman from Kentucky |
July 3, 2024 FEC filing[56] |
Certified for ballot (One state, 11 electors)[xxxii] Registered write-in (Two states, 14 electors)[xxxiii] Automatic write-in (Nine states, 70 electors)[xxxiv] Not on ballot | |
Blake Huber
nominee for president in 2020 from Colorado |
Andrea Denault
Activist and political consultant from North Dakota |
Website March 16, 2024 |
Certified for ballot (One state, 10 electors)[xxxv] Automatic write-in (Nine states, 70 electors)[xxxvi] Not on ballot | |
Godliness, Truth, Justice Party
|
Mattie Preston
Evangelist from Louisiana |
Shannel Conner
Welder from Texas |
Website January 6, 2023 FEC filing[59] |
Certified for ballot (One state, eight electors)[xxxvii] Automatic write-in (Nine states, 70 electors)[xxxviii] Not on ballot |
Chris Garrity Former Army Ranger and Environmentalist from New Hampshire |
Cody Ballard
Former Army Ranger and Assistant State Attorney from Maryland |
Website June 2, 2023 FEC filing[60] |
Certified for ballot (One state, seven electors)[xxxix] Registered write-in (Two states, 14 electors)[xl] Automatic write-in (Nine states, 70 electors)[xli] Not on ballot | |
Michael Wood Businessman and Prohibition National Committee member from California |
John Pietrowski Prohibition National Committee member from Ohio |
Website July 5, 2023 FEC filing[63] |
Certified for ballot (One state, six electors)[xlii] Automatic write-in (Nine states, 70 electors)[xliii] Not on ballot | |
Lucifer "Justin Case" Everylove Activist from New Hampshire |
TBA | Website |
Certified for ballot (One state, six electors)[xliv] Automatic write-in (Nine states, 70 electors)[xlv] Not on ballot | |
Bill Stodden Nonprofit Executive |
Stephanie Cholensky Activist |
Website November 12, 2023 FEC Filing |
Certified for ballot (One state, six electors)[xlvi] Automatic write-in (Eight states, 64 electors)[xlvii] Not on ballot
| |
Vermin Supreme Performance Artist and Perennial Candidate from Massachusetts |
Jonathan Realz Actor from Alabama |
Website August 8, 2024 FEC filing[67] Additional Party Nominations: Conservative Party of Delaware (DE) |
Certified for ballot (One state, three electors)[xlviii] Automatic write-in (Nine states, 70 electors)[xlix] Not on ballot |
Candidates without ballot access
editParties and candidates in this section have not attained ballot access in any states.
Notable parties:
- Green Party of Alaska[g]: Jasmine Sherman (Activist, presidential nominee); Tanda BluBear (Activist, vice presidential nominee)
- Transhumanist Party: Tom Ross, (technology and political activist, presidential nominee); Daniel Twedt (nonprofit executive and perennial candidate, vice presidential nominee)[68]
Notable independents:
- Johnny Buss, co-owner of the Los Angeles Lakers[69][70][71]
- Joseph "Afroman" Foreman, rapper[72][73][74][75]
- Emanuel Pastreich, academic, think tank president [76]
- Robby Wells (former college football coach, presidential candidate)
Withdrawn candidates with ballot access
editParty
|
Presidential nominee | Vice presidential nominee | Campaign | Withdrew | States with ballot access |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Robert F. Kennedy Jr. |
Nicole Shanahan |
Website Campaign FEC filing[81][82][83] Additional party nominations: We the People Party (HI, IA, IN, LA, MN, OR, VT, WA) American Independent Party (CA) Independent Party of Delaware (DE) |
August 23, 2024 (endorsed Trump) Withdrawn party nominations: We the People Party (NC, PA) Natural Law Party of Michigan[h] (MI) Alliance Party (SC) Reform Party (FL) |
Certified for ballot (32 states, 283 electors)[l] Petition awaiting certification (Two states, 15 electors)[li] Automatic write-in (Three states, 26 electors)[lii] Not on ballot Removed name from ballot (16 states, 212 electors)[liii] |
Nominating processes
editSchedule
editDate | Party nomination event |
---|---|
May 9, 2023 | Prohibition Party presidential nominating convention |
June 1, 2023 | American Solidarity Party online primary |
April 6, 2024 | Unity Party of America nominating convention |
April 13, 2024 | Unity Party of Colorado[i] nominating convention |
April 17, 2024 | Natural Law Party nominating convention |
April 27, 2024 | Constitution Party nominating convention |
May 23, 2024 | Reform National Convention |
May 25, 2024 | Constitution Party of Oregon nominating Convention |
May 26, 2024 | Libertarian National Convention |
May 30, 2024 | Approval Voting Party nominating convention |
June 1, 2024 | Pirate National Convention |
June 23, 2024 | Green Party of Alaska Nominating Meeting |
August 3, 2024 | Constitution Party of Idaho Nominating Convention[j] |
August 3, 2024 | Peace and Freedom Party state central committee meeting |
August 15, 2024 | Green National Convention |
Libertarian Party
editThe Libertarian Party participated in multiple non-binding preference primaries in this election cycle. The party's presidential and vice presidential nominees were chosen directly by delegates at the 2024 Libertarian National Convention, held on Memorial Day weekend from May 24 to 26, 2024, in Washington, D.C.[93][94]
Prior to the LP 2024 National Convention, 38 candidates filed with the Federal Election Commission to run for the Libertarian Party presidential nomination in 2024.[95]
Nominee
editName | Born | Experience | Home state | Campaign Announcement date |
Contests won |
Popular vote |
Running mate[k] |
Ref. | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chase Oliver |
August 16, 1985 (age 39) Nashville, Tennessee |
Nominee for U.S. Senator from Georgia in 2022 Candidate for GA-05 in 2020 Chair of the Atlanta Libertarian Party (2016–2017) |
Campaign Website April 5, 2023 FEC filing[96] |
6 (IA, IN, AZ, OK, CT, NE) |
3,498 (8.6%) | Mike ter Maat[97][l] | [99] |
Eliminated at convention
editThis section includes candidates who filed paperwork with the Federal Election Commission with intent to run under the Libertarian Party and who met one or more of the following criteria: a) meet Wikipedia's notability guidelines; b) participated in at least three Libertarian Party-sponsored debates; or c) received non-trivial media coverage as a candidate in this election cycle.
Candidate | Born | Experience | Home state | Campaign announced Announcement date |
Campaign suspended Suspension date |
Contests won |
Popular vote |
Ref. | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No preference/ None of the above/ Uncommitted |
N/A | May 26, 2024 (eliminated in seventh balloting) | 2 (NC, MA) |
6,384 (15.7%) | [100] | ||||
Michael Rectenwald |
January 29, 1959 (age 65) Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania |
Author and Scholar Former New York University professor (2008–2019) |
August 28, 2023 FEC filing[101] |
May 26, 2024 (eliminated in sixth balloting) | 2 (MS, AL) |
943 (2.3%) | [102] | ||
June 20, 1961 (age 63) Portland, Oregon |
Economist Former Hallandale Beach, Florida police officer Nominee for FL-20 in 2022 |
April 18, 2022 FEC filing[103] |
May 26, 2024 (eliminated during fifth balloting; endorsed Oliver during balloting) (ran for vice-president) |
1 (PA) |
589 (1.5%) | ||||
August 14, 1969 (age 55) Monterey, California |
Co-founder of Friend Finder Networks Founder of Fupa Games and Legendary Speed[104] |
March 23, 2021 |
May 26, 2024 (eliminated during fourth balloting; endorsed Oliver after his nomination) | 2 (ME, NM) |
1,226 (3.0%) | [107] | |||
March 13, 1983 (age 41) Antioch, California |
Vice Chair of the Libertarian National Committee (2022–2023) |
July 24, 2023 |
May 26, 2024 (eliminated during third balloting) | 1 (MN) |
416 (1.0%) | [102] | |||
Jacob Hornberger |
January 28, 1950 (age 74) Laredo, Texas |
Founder and President of the Future of Freedom Foundation Independent candidate for U.S. Senate from Virginia in 2002 Candidate for President in 2000 and 2020 |
Virginia |
February 20, 2023 FEC filing[109] |
May 26, 2024 (eliminated during second balloting) | 0 | 2,043 (5.0%) | [102] | |
Charles Ballay |
January 1, 1970 (age 54) New Orleans, Louisiana |
Otolaryngologist | Louisiana |
August 24, 2023 FEC filing[110] |
May 26, 2024 (eliminated during initial balloting; endorsed Oliver after his nomination) | 1 (CA) |
22,337 (55.1%) | [111] | |
August 24, 1957 (age 67) Lynwood, California |
Nominee for U.S. Vice President in 2000 Nominee for Governor of California in 2006 Mayor of Bellflower, California (1998–1999) |
December 11, 2023 |
May 26, 2024 (eliminated during initial balloting) | 0 | 5 (nil%) | [113] |
Withdrew before the primaries
editName | Born | Experience | Home state | Campaign announced |
Campaign suspended |
Campaign | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Joe Exotic |
March 5, 1963 (age 60) Garden City, Kansas |
Businessman and media personality Owner of the Greater Wynnewood Exotic Animal Park (1998–2018) Independent candidate for president in 2016 Candidate for Governor of Oklahoma in 2018 |
Texas | March 10, 2023 | April 11, 2023 (ran for the Democratic nomination)[114] |
FEC filing[115] |
[116] |
Green Party
editThe Green Party is holding a series of presidential primaries through which convention delegates will be awarded to candidates and will nominate the party's presidential ticket at the 2024 Green National Convention,[117] which is scheduled to take place as a virtual event from August 15 to 18, 2024.[118]
The individuals listed below are declared candidates who have filed paperwork with the Federal Election Commission with intent to run under the Green Party and who meet one or more of the following criteria: a) meet Wikipedia's notability guidelines; b) have participated (or have been invited to participate) in at least two Green Party-sponsored debates or c) have received non-trivial media coverage as a candidate in this election cycle.
Name | Born | Experience | Home state | Campaign Announcement date |
Contests won | Delegates | Popular vote | Running mate | Ref. | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Jill Stein |
May 14, 1950 (age 74) Chicago, Illinois |
Nominee for president in 2012 and 2016 Member of the Lexington Town Meeting from the 2nd Precinct Activist |
Massachusetts |
Campaign November 9, 2023 FEC filing[119][120] |
20 (KS, PA, CA, IL, AZ, NY, WA, NV, TX, WI, CT, TN, OH, MD, NJ, NM, UT, WV, IN, DC) | Pledged: 182 (91.9%) Convention: 267 (91.1%) |
16,597 (96.5%) | Butch Ware | [121] |
Name | Born | Experience | Home state | Campaign Announcement date |
Contests won | Delegates | Popular vote | Running mate | Ref. | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Other candidates formally recognized by GPUS[122] | ||||||||||
Jasmine Sherman |
August 17, 1985 (age 39) Queens, New York |
Executive Director of Greater Charlotte Rise | February 18, 2022 FEC filing[123][124] |
None | Pledged: 10 (5.1%) Convention: 13 (4.5%) |
72 (0.4%) | Tanda Blubear[125] | [126][127] | ||
Jorge Zevala |
unknown | Businessman | October 13, 2023 FEC filing[128] |
None | None | 18 (0.1%) | [126][127] | |||
Alternate ballot options: | ||||||||||
None of the above | N/A | 1 (MT) | Pledged: 6 (2.5%) Convention: 10 (3.4%) |
505 (2.9%) |
Constitution Party
editThe Constitution Party held its presidential nominating convention on April 24–27, 2024, in Salt Lake City, Utah.[129][130]
Eight candidates sought the nomination:[131]
- Daniel Clyde Cummings, perennial candidate from Wyoming[132]
- Louis C. Hook from Mississippi[133]
- Brandon McIntyre from Georgia[134]
- Joel Skousen, author and survivalist from Utah
- Ben Stewart
- Randall Terry, author, anti-abortion activist, and Democratic candidate for president in 2012 from Tennessee
- Samm Tittle, perennial candidate
- Paul Venable, nominee for U.S. Senator from Missouri in 2022
Jim Harvey of Georgia (who ultimately did not seek the nomination), Joel Skousen, and Randall Terry participated in an April 6 debate in Dearborn, Michigan.[135][136]
Terry won the nomination by securing a majority in the first round. The votes largely broke down along geographic lines. Skousen, who is from Utah, received all 61 votes from the delegations of the Four Corners states, but only 19 votes from the rest of the country combined. The only state delegations he carried outside of the region were New Hampshire and West Virginia. Venable won the majority of votes from South Carolina and his home state of Missouri and Daniel Cummings won a plurality in his home state of Wyoming. The remaining ten delegations were all won by Terry.[131]
Pastor and political commentator Stephen Broden, who was running on a ticket with Terry, received the vice presidential nomination via voice vote.[137]
Aside from the presidential nomination, much of the debate at the convention focused on an ultimately defeated amendment by Skousen to remove references to God from the party platform.[138]
Candidate | Votes | Percentage | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Randall Terry | 144 | 54.55% | ||
Joel Skousen | 80 | 30.30% | ||
Paul Venable | 32 | 12.12% | ||
Daniel Cummings | 4 | 1.52% | ||
Brandon McIntyre | 2 | 0.76% | ||
Samm Tittle | 2 | 0.76% | ||
Louis C. Hook | 0 | 0.00% | ||
Ben Stewart | 0 | 0.00% | ||
Total: | 264 | 100.00% | ||
Source:[139][better source needed] |
Candidate | Votes | Percentage | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Stephen Broden | Nominated via Voice Vote | |||
Source:[137] |
The Constitution Party received 60,023 votes in the 2020 election.
The Nevada, Utah and Idaho[citation needed] state parties split from the national party and nominated Skousen.[140]
American Independent Party
editThe American Independent Party held a non-binding presidential preference primary in California on March 5, 2024. James Bradley was the only candidate listed on the ballot and defeated Andrew George Rummel, who was a recognized write-in candidate.[141][142]
Candidate | Votes | Percentage |
---|---|---|
James Bradley | 45,565 | 99.96% |
Andrew George Rummel (write-in) | 16 | 0.04% |
Total: | 45,581 | 100.0% |
On April 29, 2024, the party announced that it had nominated independent presidential candidate Robert F. Kennedy Jr.[144][145]
Legal Marijuana Now Party
editThe Legal Marijuana Now Party held its first-ever presidential nomination primary in Minnesota on Super Tuesday, March 5. This was the first presidential primary to be held in Minnesota for a third party since 1916.[146] Krystal Gabel withdrew from the race during Legal Marijuana Now Party's candidate filing discussions. When Gabel asked to be removed from the ballot, after early voting had started on January 19, 2024, the Minnesota Secretary of State's office stated that changes cannot be made to the list of candidates after the list was certified 63 days prior to the election, and Gabel's name remained on ballots.[147]
Five candidates appeared on the ballot:
- Edward Forchion, activist, and candidate for governor of New Jersey in 2021
- Rudy Reyes, archeologist, and national LMN Party chairperson
- Dennis Schuller, Minnesota LMN Party chairperson; former Richfield, Minnesota, municipal planning commission member (2011–2014)
- Vermin Supreme, performance artist, activist, and perennial candidate from Massachusetts; former Libertarian Party Judicial Committee member (2020–2022) (Also running for the Democratic nomination)[148]
- Krystal Gabel, activist, and candidate for governor of Nebraska in 2018 (Withdrew January 26, 2024)[147]
Of Minnesota's three major political parties, all of which included a write in option for their 2024 nominating primaries, only the Legal Marijuana Now party submitted to the Secretary of State a write in name to be counted, singer-songwriter Willie Nelson.[149]
Candidate | Votes | Percentage | Delegates | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Krystal Gabel (withdrawn) | 759 | 28.84% | - | ||
Dennis Schuller | 459 | 17.44% | 7 | ||
Vermin Supreme | 397 | 15.08% | 6 | ||
Rudy Reyes | 365 | 13.87% | 5 | ||
Edward Forchion | 168 | 6.38% | 2 | ||
Willie Nelson (write-in) | 19 | 0.72% | 0 | ||
Other write-ins | 465 | 17.67% | - | ||
Total: | 2,632 | 100.00% | 20 | ||
Source:[150] |
Gabel won a plurality of the vote (28.8%), but withdrew ahead of the primary. Of declared candidates, Dennis Schuller finished in the lead, with 17.4%.[151] At the state convention in Bloomington on July 6, Schuller was later chosen as the presidential nominee, with Reyes as his running mate.[152] However, the party lost automatic ballot access in a May 2024 ruling by the Minnesota Supreme Court, meaning party officials would have to petition for ballot access.[153]
The party is also ballot-qualified in Nebraska, but no candidates qualified for the May 14 primary. Instead, the state affiliate party nominated Cornel West.[154]
Peace and Freedom Party
editThe Peace and Freedom Party held a non-binding preference primary in California on Super Tuesday, March 5. Claudia De la Cruz, the nominee of the Party for Socialism and Liberation, won the primary with a plurality, defeating Jasmine Sherman and Cornel West.[155] The party's presidential nominee, chosen by the state central committee in August, is Claudia De la Cruz.[citation needed]
Candidate | Votes | Percentage |
---|---|---|
Claudia De la Cruz | 6,430 | 47.0% |
Cornel West | 5,455 | 39.9% |
Jasmine Sherman | 1,795 | 13.1% |
Total: | 13,680 | 100.0% |
American Solidarity Party
editThe American Solidarity Party announced on June 2, 2023, that Peter Sonski had won their party's online primary, which lasted from May 24 to June 1. Sonski was nominated in the first round of ranked-choice voting with 52%. Sonski then selected Lauren Onak as his vice president, who was then officially nominated via unanimous consent.
Candidate | Votes | Percentage | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Peter Sonski | 328 | 52.5% | ||
Jacqueline Abernathy | 207 | 33.1 | ||
Joe Schriner | 50 | 8.0 | ||
Larry Johnson | 24 | 3.8 | ||
Erskine Levi | 16 | 2.6 | ||
Total: | 625 | 100.00% | ||
Source:[157] |
Candidate | Votes | Percentage | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Lauren Onak | Nominated via Unanimous Consent | |||
Source:[158] |
Approval Voting Party
editThe Approval Voting Party received 409 votes for president in 2020.[159] It is currently only ballot-approved in Colorado.[160] On March 16, the party nominated Blake Huber for president and Andrea Denault for vice president.[161]
Green Mountain Peace and Justice
editThe Green Mountain Peace and Justice Party is a regional ballot-qualified party in Vermont which has regularly nominated candidates for president since 1972.[162] It nominated Gloria La Riva, the PSL nominee, in 2020. She received 166 votes in Vermont.[159] On April 28, the party nominated independent candidate Cornel West for president.[163]
Natural Law Party
editMichigan party
editThe Michigan Natural Law Party held its nominating convention on April 17, 2024, where it nominated independent candidate Robert F. Kennedy Jr. for President and Nicole Shanahan for Vice President. Party chairman Doug Dern claimed fellow independent candidate Cornel West also sought the party's ballot access.[164]
In 2020, the Michigan party nominated Alliance Party nominee Rocky De La Fuente, who received 2,986 votes in Michigan.
Florida party
editThe party is also presidential ballot-qualified in Florida. The Florida party did not nominate a candidate in the 2020 election.[165]
Prohibition Party
editThe Prohibition Party held its presidential nominating convention on May 8–9, 2023, in Buffalo, New York. Three candidates stood for nomination; Michael Wood was nominated on the first ballot.[166]
Candidate | Votes | Percentage | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Michael Wood | 8 | 61.5% | ||
Zack Kusnir | 4 | 30.8% | ||
Scott Baier | 0 | 0.0% | ||
Jay Rockefeller (write-in) | 1 | 7.7% | ||
Total: | 13 | 100.00% | ||
Source:[167] |
Candidate | Votes | Percentage | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
John Petrowski | Nominated via Unanimous Consent | |||
Source:[167] |
Unity Party
editThe Bill Hammons-led faction of the Unity Party of America nominated Paul Noel Fiorino and Matthew May for president and vice president respectively at the 7th United National Convention over Google Meet on April 6, 2024.[168]
However, the Colorado faction of the party, which has the party's ballot access, met on April 13, 2024, and nominated independent candidate Cornel West for president and his running mate, Melina Abdullah for vice president.[169][170][better source needed]
Candidate | Percentage | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Cornel West | 95% | |||
Paul Noel Fiorino | 5% | |||
Total: | 100.00% | |||
Source:[170] |
Withdrew before convention:
- Bill Hammons, co-founder and chairman of the Unity Party; nominee for president in 2020[171]
- Donnie Harold Harris, business owner and write-in candidate for governor of Indiana in 2012[171]
The party is currently only ballot-approved in Colorado.[160] In 2020, party co-founder Bill Hammons was on the ballot in three states and received 6,647 votes.[159]
Alliance Party
editThe Alliance Party received 88,236 votes for president in 2020.[159] It and its affiliates are ballot-qualified in Alaska, Connecticut, and South Carolina.[172][173][174]
Green Party of Alaska
editThe Green Party of Alaska is unaffiliated with the Green Party of the United States and is not ballot-qualified in Alaska.[173] The party nominated Jesse Ventura for president in 2020 and received 2,673 votes.[175]
Jasmine Sherman and Tanda BluBear were nominated as president and vice president, respectively.[176][better source needed]
The party has hosted a series of debates featuring the following candidates seeking the nomination:[177]
- Joseph "Afroman" Foreman, rapper and independent candidate for president[72][74][178]
- Brittany Jones, veteran and unaffiliated candidate for president from Oregon[179]
- Jasmine Sherman, Executive Director of Greater Charlotte Rise and Green Party candidate for president from North Carolina[180][127]
- Dashaun "Daví" Davis, activist and Green Party candidate for president[181]
- Emanuel Pastreich, president of the Asia Institute, academic, author, and withdrawn Green Party candidate for president from Massachusetts[182][183]
- Rollan Roberts, businessman and Republican candidate for president[184]
- Jay Torres, Republican candidate for president[185]
- Wayne Pope, veteran and Democratic candidate for president[186]
- Suzzanna Tanner, independent candidate for president[187]
- Susan Buchser-Lochocki, voting rights activist and unregistered candidate for president[188]
Liberal Party
editThe Liberal Party, formerly the Association of State Liberty Parties, has qualified state parties in Massachusetts and New Mexico which were, until 2022, affiliated with the national Libertarian Party.[189][190] These parties received a combined 59,598 votes in the two states.
Potential candidates
edit- Chase Oliver, 2024 Libertarian Party nominee for president[191]
- Charles Ballay, 2024 Libertarian presidential candidate[191]
Declined to be candidates
editNo Labels
editThe following individuals have declined to be candidates for the No Labels unity ticket. On April 4, 2024, the organization announced it would not run a presidential campaign.[192]
- Andy Beshear, Governor of Kentucky (2019–present), Attorney General of Kentucky (2016–2019) (initially endorsed Biden and later endorsed Harris)[193][194]
- Bill Cassidy, U.S. Senator from Louisiana (2015–present)[195]
- Chris Christie, former Governor of New Jersey (2010–2018), Republican candidate for president in 2016 and 2024[196]
- Nikki Haley, former U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations (2017–2018) and Governor of South Carolina (2011–2017) (ran as a Republican and later endorsed Trump)[197]
- Larry Hogan, former Governor of Maryland (2015–2023)[198] (endorsed Haley;[199] running for U.S. Senate)[200]
- Jon Huntsman Jr., U.S. Ambassador to Russia (2017–2019), U.S. Ambassador to China (2009–2011), Governor of Utah (2005–2009), Republican candidate for president in 2012[201][202]
- Will Hurd, U.S. Representative from TX-23 (2015–2021) (ran as a Republican; endorsed Haley)[203]
- Joe Manchin, U.S. Senator from West Virginia (2010–present), Governor of West Virginia (2005–2010), West Virginia Secretary of State (2001–2005)[204][205]
- William H. McRaven, Commander of the United States Special Operations Command (2011–2014) and Chancellor of the University of Texas System (2015–2018)[203]
- Pat McCrory, former Governor of North Carolina (2013–2017), Mayor of Charlotte, North Carolina (1995–2009), candidate for U.S. Senator from North Carolina in 2022[201][206]
- David Petraeus, Director of the Central Intelligence Agency (2011–2012), commander of the International Security Assistance Force (2010–2011), commander of United States Central Command (2008–2010)[203]
- Dean Phillips, U.S. Representative from MN-03 (2019–present) and CEO of Phillips Distilling Company (2000–2012) (ran as a Democrat; initially endorsed Biden and later endorsed Harris)[207][208][209]
- Condoleezza Rice, United States Secretary of State (2005–2009) and United States National Security Advisor (2001–2005)[203]
- Mitt Romney, U.S. Senator from Utah (2019–present), Governor of Massachusetts (2003–2007), Republican candidate for president in 2008 and nominee in 2012[210][211]
- Kyrsten Sinema, U.S. Senator from Arizona (2019–present), U.S. Representative from AZ-09 (2013–2019)[201][212]
- Chris Sununu, Governor of New Hampshire (2017–present) (initially endorsed Haley and later endorsed Trump)[213][214]
- Andrew Yang, co-chair of the Forward Party (2022–present), Democratic candidate for president in 2020 and for mayor of New York City in 2021[215][216] (Initially endorsed Phillips, later endorsed Harris)[217][218]
Third party
editThe following notable individuals have been the subject of speculation about their possible candidacies, but have publicly denied interest in running.
- Justin Amash, former United States Representative from MI-03 (2011–2021), member of the Michigan House of Representatives from the 72nd district (2009–2011) (ran for U.S. Senate)[102][219]
- Mark Cuban, investor and entrepreneur[220] (initially endorsed Biden and later endorsed Harris)[221][222]
- Jamie Dimon, chairman and CEO of JPMorgan Chase[223]
- Howie Hawkins, co-founder of the Green Party and Green/Socialist nominee for president in 2020[224][225]
- Dwayne Johnson, actor, businessman and professional wrestler[226]
- Vivek Ramaswamy, executive chairman of Strive Asset Management (2022–2023) and CEO of Roivant Sciences (2014–2021) (ran as a Republican; endorsed Trump)[227][228]
- Dave Smith, stand-up comedian, libertarian political commentator, podcaster[229][230]
Debates and forums
edit2024 Free & Equal debates | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No. | Date & Time | Location | Participants | ||||||||
P Participant
A Absent invitee |
Democratic | Republican | Independent | Libertarian | Green | Independent | PSL | Constitution | Other | ||
Kamala Harris | Donald Trump | Robert F. Kennedy Jr. | Chase Oliver | Jill Stein | Cornel West | Claudia De la Cruz | Randall Terry | See note | |||
1 | February 29, 2024 | New York City | NYD | N | A | P | P | A | P | N | P[m] |
2 | July 12, 2024 | Las Vegas | NYD | A | A | P | P | A | N | P | A[n] |
3 | September 18, 2024 | Los Angeles, California | I | I | W[o] | I | I | TBD | TBD | I | TBD |
February 29 debate (New York City)
editThe Free & Equal Elections Foundation hosted a multiparty debate on February 29, 2024, in New York City, New York moderated by Caitlin Sinclair, Jason Palmer and Christina Tobin. Socialism and Liberation nominee Claudia De la Cruz, Libertarian candidates Chase Oliver and Lars Mapstead, and Green candidates Jill Stein and Jasmine Sherman attended. Independent candidates Robert F. Kennedy Jr. and Cornel West were also invited but did not attend.[231][232]
2nd Free and Equal Presidential debate | |
---|---|
From left to right: Oliver, Stein, and Terry | |
Date(s) | July 12, 2024 |
Duration | c. 1 hour and 50 minutes |
Location | Las Vegas, Nevada |
Participants | Chase Oliver Jill Stein Randall Terry |
Footage | [1] |
Moderator(s) | Christina Tobin and Thomas Massie |
July 12 debate (Las Vegas)
editFree and Equal hosted a second debate on July 12, 2024, at FreedomFest in Las Vegas, Nevada moderated by the foundation's chair, Christina Tobin and congressman Thomas Massie.[233][234]
Candidates invited to the debate were: Biden, Kennedy, Oliver, Stein, Terry, Trump, and West.[233]
Oliver, Stein, and Terry participated.[233]
September 18 debate (Los Angeles)
editThe Free and Equal Foundation plans to host a third debate on September 18, 2024 in Los Angeles hosted by former U.S. Comptroller General David M. Walker and Free & Equal founder Christina Tobin were announced as co-hosts.[235]
As of August 30, Terry, Stein, and Oliver had accepted invites to the debate, while Trump, Harris, and Kennedy Jr. (who withdrew between his invite and the debate date) had not.[236]
Forums
editThe Muslim Civic Coalition hosted a forum featuring Jill Stein and Cornel West on February 3 in Oak Brook, Illinois. The organization claimed all presidential candidates were invited to attend.[237]
The Abandon Biden movement held an online forum on June 13 featuring Jill Stein,[238] Cornel West,[239] and Claudia de la Cruz[240] focused on promoting "pro-Palestine" candidates for President.[241][242]
Ballot access
editPolling
editAggregate polls
editThis table will only include polling aggregates that tracks at least one third-party candidate.
Poll source | Since | As of | Kamala Harris DEM |
Donald Trump GOP |
Robert F. Kennedy Jr IND[p] |
Jill Stein GRN |
Cornel West IND[q] |
Margin |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
538 | July 24, 2024 | August 9, 2024 | 45.5% | 43.4% | 5.1% | – | – | Harris +2.0% |
RCP | July 22, 2024 | August 9, 2024 | 45.3% | 44.5% | 5.5% | 0.9% | 0.6% | Harris +0.8% |
TH/DDHQ | July 7, 2024 | August 9, 2024 | 46.7% | 43.5% | 3.4% | – | – | Harris +3.2% |
SB | July 1, 2024 | August 9, 2024 | 46.3% | 43.9% | 4.1% | – | – | Harris +2.4% |
RTTWH | July 8, 2024 | August 9, 2024 | 45.7% | 43.5% | 5.4% | 0.8% | 0.5% | Harris +2.2% |
NYT | July 17, 2024 | August 9, 2024 | 45% | 43% | 5% | – | – | Harris +2% |
Individual polls
editPoll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size |
Kamala Harris |
Donald Trump |
Cornel West |
Robert F. Kennedy Jr |
Jill Stein |
Chase Oliver |
Other | Undecided | Margin |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
RMG Research/Napolitan Institute | August 5–7, 2024 | 2000 (RV) | 47% | 46% | – | 2% | – | – | 2%[r] | 3% | Harris +1% |
Ipsos | August 2–7, 2024 | 1342 (RV) | 42% | 37% | – | 4% | – | – | 6%[s] | 10% | Harris +5% |
YouGov/The Economist | August 4–6, 2024 | 1413 (LV) | 45% | 43% | 0% | 2% | 1% | – | 3%[t] | 6% | Harris +2% |
ActiVote | July 30 – August 6, 2024 | 1000 (LV) | 45.0% | 44.4% | – | 10.5% | – | – | – | – | Harris +0.6% |
NPR/PBS/Marist | August 1–4, 2024 | 1309 (LV) | 49% | 45% | 0% | 5% | 0% | 0% | – | 1% | Harris +4% |
TIPP Insights/Issues & Insights | July 31 – August 2, 2024 | 1326 (RV) | 44% | 42% | 1% | 7% | 1% | – | 1% | 4% | Harris +2% |
YouGov/CBS News | July 30 – August 2, 2024 | 3092 (LV) | 49% | 47% | 0% | 2% | 0% | 0% | – | 2% | Harris +2% |
YouGov/University of Massachusetts | July 29 – August 1, 2024 | 1000 (RV) | 46% | 43% | – | 6% | – | – | – | 5% | Harris +3% |
RMG Research | July 29–31, 2024 | 3000 (RV) | 47% | 42% | – | 6% | – | – | – | 5% | Harris +5% |
YouGov/The Economist | July 27–30, 2024 | 1434 (RV) | 46% | 44% | 0% | 5% | 0% | – | 2%[u] | 5% | Harris +2% |
Redfield & Wilton Strategies | July 29, 2024 | 1750 (LV) | 45% | 43% | – | 5% | – | – | – | 4% | Harris +2% |
American Pulse Research | July 26–29, 2024 | 1035 (LV) | 46% | 47% | 1% | 3% | 1% | 0% | 1% | 2% | Trump +1% |
ActiVote | July 24–29, 2024 | 1000 (LV) | 44% | 46% | – | 10% | – | – | – | – | Trump +2% |
McLaughlin & Associates | July 23–29, 2024 | 1000 (LV) | 41% | 42% | 1% | 8% | 1% | 1% | 7% | – | Trump +1% |
Big Data/Public Polling Project | July 26–28, 2024 | 2919 (LV) | 44% | 45% | 2% | 7% | 1% | 2% | – | – | Trump +1% |
Leger | July 26–28, 2024 | 786 (RV) | 48% | 41% | 1% | 5% | 1% | – | – | 3% | Harris +7% |
Harvard/HarrisX | July 26–28, 2024 | 2196 (RV) | 43% | 47% | 1% | 8% | 1% | – | – | – | Trump +4% |
Ipsos/With Honor | July 24–25, 2024 | 1238 (A) | 38% | 38% | – | 4% | – | – | 12%[v] | 9% | Even |
Redfield and Wilton | July 23–25, 2024 | 1750 (LV) | 45% | 43% | – | 5% | – | – | 1% | 4% | Harris +2% |
Mainstreet Research/FAU | July 26–27, 2024 | 936 (LV) | 44% | 43% | – | 8% | – | – | 1% | 3% | Harris +1% |
Atlas Intel | July 23–25, 2024 | 1980 (RV) | 46% | 48% | 0% | 5% | – | – | – | 2% | Trump +2% |
Fabrizio Lee & Associates/GBAO/The Wall Street Journal | July 23–25, 2024 | 1000 (RV) | 45% | 44% | 1% | 4% | 1% | 0% | – | 5% | Harris +1% |
HarrisX/Forbes | July 22–25, 2024 | 2472 (LV) | 45% | 46% | 1% | 8% | 1% | – | – | 6% | Trump +1% |
New York Times/Siena | July 22–24, 2024 | 1142 (LV) | 44% | 43% | 0% | 5% | 1% | – | 1% (I wouldn't vote) |
5% | Harris +1% |
The 19th/Survey Monkey | July 22–24, 2024 | 5265 (A) | 38% | 39% | 1% | 6% | 1% | – | 2% (Refused) |
14% | Trump +1% |
Big Village | July 22–24, 2024 | 1492 (LV) | 43% | 44% | 1% | 6% | 1% | – | 1% (I wouldn't vote) |
4% | Trump +1% |
Reuters/Ipsos | July 22–23, 2024 | 1018 (RV) | 42% | 38% | – | 8% | – | – | 5% (I wouldn't vote) |
6% | Harris +4% |
The Times/SAY/YouGov | July 22–23, 2024 | 1155 (LV) | 44% | 46% | 0% | 4% | 1% | – | 1% (I would not vote) |
3% | Trump +2% |
NPR/PBS/Marist | July 22, 2024 | 846 (LV) | 45% | 43% | 1% | 7% | 0% | 0% | – | 3% | Harris +2% |
The Economist/YouGov | July 21–23, 2024 | 1435 (RV) | 41% | 44% | 1% | 5% | 1% | – | 3%[w] | 5% | Trump +3% |
Yahoo!/YouGov | July 19–22, 2024 | 1178 (RV) | 41% | 43% | 1% | 5% | 1% | 1% | 1% | 6% | Trump +2% |
On Points Politics/SoCal Research | July 21, 2024 | 800 (RV) | 37% | 43% | – | 9% | 3% | 4% | – | 4% | Trump +6% |
Quinnipiac | July 19–21, 2024 | 1257 (RV) | 41% | 45% | 1% | 6% | 2% | 1% | 2%[x] | 1% | Trump +4% |
Mainstreet Research/FAU | July 19–21, 2024 | 711 (LV) | 39% | 45% | – | 9% | – | – | 3% | 3% | Trump +6% |
The Economist/YouGov | July 13–16, 2024 | 1398 (RV) | 39% | 44% | 1% | 5% | 2% | – | 3%[y] | 7% | Trump +5% |
Big Village | July 12–14, 2024 | 1499 (LV) | 37.3% | 41.6% | 1.8% | 9.2% | 2.1% | – | 0.9% (I would not vote) |
7.0% | Trump +4.3% |
Redfield & Wilton | July 8, 2024 | 1500 (RV) | 37% | 44% | – | 8% | – | 1% | 3%[z] | 6% | Trump +7% |
Manhattan Institute | July 7–13, 2024 | 2100 (LV) | 36% | 44% | 1% | 6% | – | 1% | 8%[aa] | 5% | Trump +8% |
The Economist/YouGov | July 7–9, 2024 | 1440 (RV) | 38% | 42% | 1% | 5% | – | 2% | 6%[ab] | 7% | Trump +5% |
Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size |
Joe Biden |
Donald Trump |
Nikki Haley |
Cornel West |
Robert F. Kennedy Jr |
Joe Manchin |
Jill Stein |
Other | Undecided | Margin |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Joe Biden ends his re-election campaign | ||||||||||||
Reuters/Ipsos | July 16, 2024 | 992 (RV) | 39% | 40% | – | – | 11% | – | – | 6%[ac] | 4% | Trump +1% |
Emerson College/Democrats for the Next Generation | July 15–16, 2024 | 2000 (RV) | 37.8% | 43.8% | – | 0.7% | 6.6% | – | 0.7% | 0.4% (Chase Oliver) |
10.0% | Trump +6.0% |
The Economist/YouGov | July 13–16, 2024 | 1398 (RV) | 41% | 43% | – | 1% | 4% | – | 1% | 3%[ad] | 7% | Trump +2% |
Redfield & Wilton | July 15, 2024 | 3500 (RV) | 42% | 43% | – | – | 6% | – | – | 2% | 6% | Trump +1% |
Harris X | July 13–15, 2024 | 1918 (RV) | 37% | 41% | – | 2% | 12% | – | 1% | – | 7% | Trump +4% |
ActiVote | July 7–15, 2024 | 1000 (LV) | 41.4% | 43.4% | – | – | 15.1% | – | – | – | – | Trump +2.0% |
Big Village | July 12–14, 2024 | 1499 (LV) | 40.9% | 40.8% | – | 0.9% | 8.5% | – | 1.2% | 0.5% (I would not vote) |
7.0% | Biden +0.1% |
Thomas Matthew Crooks attempts to assassinate Donald Trump | ||||||||||||
Manhattan Institute | July 7–13, 2024 | 2100 (LV) | 40% | 44% | – | 1% | 5% | – | 1% | 5%[ae] | 5% | Trump +4% |
The Center Square/Noble Predictive | July 8–11, 2024 | 2300 (LV) | 40% | 43% | – | 1% | 7% | – | 1% | – | 7% | Trump +3% |
NPR/PBS/Marist | July 9–10, 2024 | 954 (LV) | 45% | 45% | – | 2% | 6% | – | 1% | – | 1% | Even |
Fox News | July 7–10, 2024 | 1210 (RV) | 41% | 44% | – | 1% | 10% | – | 3% | – | 2% | Trump +3% |
The Economist/YouGov | July 7–9, 2024 | 1440 (RV) | 40% | 43% | – | 1% | 4% | – | 1% | 3%[af] | 8% | Trump +3% |
NBC News | July 7–9, 2024 | 800 (RV) | 37% | 40% | – | 1% | 10% | – | 3% | 5%[ag] | 4% | Trump +3% |
ABC News/Washington Post/Ipsos | July 5−9, 2024 | 2041 (RV) | 42% | 43% | – | 2% | 10% | – | 2% | 3% | – | Trump +1% |
Redfield & Wilton | July 8, 2024 | 1500 (RV) | 42% | 43% | – | – | 6% | – | – | 2% | 6% | Trump +1% |
Emerson College | July 7–8, 2024 | 1370 (RV) | 39.9% | 43.7% | – | 1.2% | 6.1% | – | 0.8% | – | 8.4% | Trump +3.8% |
Pew Research | July 1–7, 2024 | 7729 (RV) | 40% | 44% | – | – | 15% | – | – | 2% | – | Trump +4% |
Lord Ashcroft | June 28 – July 7, 2024 | 4347 (RV) | 44% | 42% | – | 1% | 10% | – | 1% | 3% | – | Biden +2% |
Data For Progress/Split Ticket | July 1–3, 2024 | 2067 (LV) | 40% | 41% | – | 1% | 10% | – | 1% | 1% (Chase Oliver) |
6% | Trump +1% |
J.L. Partners/Daily Mail | July 1–3, 2024 | 1000 (LV) | 37% | 43% | – | 2% | 7% | – | 2% | 2% (Chase Oliver) |
7% | Trump +6% |
Cygnal | July 1–2, 2024 | 1500 (LV) | 38.1% | 43.5% | – | 2.1% | 7.1% | – | 2.0% | – | 7.2% | Trump +5.4% |
The Economist/YouGov | June 30 – July 2, 2024 | 1386 (RV) | 40% | 42% | – | 1% | 5% | – | 1% | 3%[ah] | 8% | Trump +2% |
GBAO/WSJ/Fabrizio Lee | June 29 – July 2, 2024 | 1500 (RV) | 36% | 42% | – | 2% | 7% | – | 2% | 1% (Chase Oliver) |
11% | Trump +6% |
CBS News/YouGov | June 28 – July 2, 2024 | 2815 (LV) | 40% | 44% | – | 2% | 11% | – | 3% | 0% | 0% | Trump +4% |
NY Times/Siena | June 28 – July 2, 2024 | 1532 (LV) | 37% | 42% | – | <0.5% | 8% | – | 2% | 3%[ai] | 6% | Trump +5% |
Florida Atlantic/Mainstreet Research | June 29–30, 2024 | 869 (LV) | 39% | 42% | – | – | 10% | – | – | 4% | 5% | Trump +3% |
HarrisX/Forbes | June 28–30, 2024 | 1192 (LV) | 38% | 43% | – | – | 14% | – | – | – | 4% | Trump +5% |
CNN/SSRS | June 28–30, 2024 | 1045 (RV) | 35% | 41% | – | 2% | 14% | – | 3% | 4%[aj] | – | Trump +6% |
Suffolk University/USA Today | June 28–30, 2024 | 1000 (RV) | 38% | 41% | – | 1% | 8% | – | 1% | 2%[ak] | 8% | Trump +3% |
Harvard/Harris | June 28–30, 2024 | 2090 (RV) | 35% | 43% | – | 2% | 10% | – | 1% | – | 9% | Trump +8% |
Big Village | June 28–30, 2024 | 723 (LV) | 41.2% | 41.6% | – | 0.9% | 8.7% | – | – | 1.2% (I would not vote) |
6.5% | Trump +0.4% |
Patriot Polling | June 27–29, 2024 | 1029 (RV) | 40.5% | 44.3% | – | – | 11.2% | – | – | – | 4.0% | Trump +3.8% |
On Point Politics/SoCal Research | June 27, 2024 | 600 (RV) | 35% | 41% | – | 2% | 8% | – | 2% | 1% (Chase Oliver) |
10% | Trump +6% |
First presidential debate between Trump and Biden is held | ||||||||||||
Atlas/CNN Brazil | June 26–28, 2024 | 1634 (RV) | 40.3% | 45.5% | – | 0.7% | 10.3% | – | 0.5% | 0.8% (Won't vote) |
2.0% | Trump +5.2% |
I&I/Tipp | June 26–28, 2024 | 1244 (RV) | 40% | 39% | – | 2% | 10% | – | 1% | 2% | 5% | Biden +1% |
Lord Ashcroft | May 31 – June 27 | 4067 (RV) | 42% | 41% | – | 1% | 10% | – | 1% | 4% | – | Biden +1% |
The Economist/YouGov | June 23–25, 2024 | 1403 (RV) | 42% | 42% | – | 0% | 4% | – | 1% | 2%[al] | 8% | Even |
NY Times/Siena | June 20–25, 2024 | 1226 (LV) | 37% | 40% | – | <0.5% | 7% | – | 2% | 3%[am] | 9% | Trump +3% |
Leger/New York Post | June 22–24, 2024 | 873 (LV) | 38% | 38% | – | 2% | 7% | – | 2% | – | 13% | Even |
Quinnipiac | June 20–24, 2024 | 1405 (RV) | 37% | 43% | – | 2% | 11% | – | 2% | 3%[an] | 2% | Trump +6% |
America's New Majority/McLaughlin | June 20–24, 2024 | 2000 (RV) | 38.8% | 40.3% | – | 1.6% | 8.3% | – | 1.0% | 0.5% (Chase Oliver) |
9.5% | Trump +1.5% |
McLaughlin & Associates | June 18–24, 2024 | 1000 (LV) | 37% | 39% | – | 2% | 10% | – | 2% | 1.0% (Chase Oliver) |
9% | Trump +2% |
George Washington University | June 11–24, 2024 | 2750 (RV) | 44.3% | 41.9% | – | 0.8% | 4.6% | – | 1.0% | 2.4%[ao] | 4.9% | |
ActiVote | June 5–21, 2024 | 2192 (LV) | 42.1% | 43.7% | – | – | 14.2% | – | – | – | – | Trump +1.6% |
The Economist/YouGov | June 16–18, 2024 | 1392 (RV) | 42% | 42% | – | 1% | 4% | – | 1% | 3%[ap] | 8% | Even |
Redfield & Wilton | June 16–17, 2024 | 1500 (RV) | 41% | 41% | – | – | 7% | – | – | 2% | 8% | Even |
Fox News | June 14–17, 2024 | 1095 (RV) | 43% | 42% | – | 2% | 10% | – | 2% | – | 1% | Biden +1% |
Ipsos/Reuters | June 12, 2024 | 930 (RV) | 37% | 38% | – | – | 10% | – | – | 6% (I wouldn't vote) |
10% | Trump +1% |
Redfield & Wilton | June 11–12, 2024 | 1500 (RV) | 41% | 40% | – | – | 7% | – | – | 7% | 3% | Biden +1% |
NPR/PBS/Marist | June 10–12, 2024 | 963 (LV) | 43% | 44% | – | 2% | 9% | – | 1% | 0% (Chase Oliver) |
1% | Trump +1% |
Echelon Insights | June 10–12, 2024 | 1013 (LV) | 42% | 43% | – | 2% | 7% | – | 2% | – | 3% | Trump +1% |
The Economist/YouGov | June 9–11, 2024 | 1398 (RV) | 40% | 42% | – | 1% | 3% | – | 1% | 3%[aq] | 9% | Trump +2% |
SSRS/Vanderbilt | June 7–10, 2024 | 1031 (A) | 30% | 33% | – | – | 10% | – | – | 16%[ar] | 12% | Trump +3% |
Big Village | June 7–9, 2024 | 1423 (LV) | 42.5% | 42.2% | – | 1.4% | 7.4% | – | – | 0.8% (I would not vote) |
5.7% | Biden +0.3% |
Cygnal | June 4–6, 2024 | 1500 (LV) | 38.4% | 41.2% | – | 2.3% | 8.4% | – | 1.8% | – | 7.9% | Trump +2.8% |
Emerson College | June 4–5, 2024 | 1000 (RV) | 38% | 44% | – | 1% | 6% | – | 1% | – | 9% | Trump +6% |
The Economist/YouGov | June 2–4, 2024 | 1565 (RV) | 42% | 42% | – | 1% | 3% | – | 1% | 2%[as] | 8% | Even |
ActiVote | May 23 – June 4, 2024 | 1775 (LV) | 41.6% | 45.4% | – | – | 13.1% | – | – | – | – | Trump +3.8% |
Ipsos/Reuters | May 30–31, 2024 | 2135 (RV) | 39% | 37% | – | – | 10% | – | – | 5% (I wouldn't vote) |
8% | Biden +2% |
HarrisX/Forbes | May 30–31, 2024 | 1006 (RV) | 38% | 40% | – | 1% | 11% | – | 1% | – | 8% | Trump +2% |
I&I/Tipp | May 29–31, 2024 | 1675 (RV) | 38% | 38% | – | 1% | 10% | – | 2% | 2% | 9% | Even |
Lord Ashcroft | May 17–30, 2024 | 8153 (RV) | 44% | 40% | – | 1% | 10% | – | 1% | 3% | – | Biden +1% |
The Economist/YouGov | May 25–28, 2024 | 1546 (RV) | 40% | 41% | – | 1% | 4% | – | 1% | 3%[at] | 10% | Trump +1% |
McLaughlin & Associates/Lawrence Kadish | May 21–23, 2024 | 1000 (LV) | 38% | 42% | – | 2% | 9% | – | 2% | 1% (Lars Mapstead) |
6% | Trump +4% |
NPR/PBS/Marist | May 21–23, 2024 | 907 (LV) | 43% | 46% | – | 2% | 5% | – | 2% | – | 2% | Trump +3% |
Emerson College | May 21–23, 2024 | 1100 (RV) | 39% | 44% | – | 1% | 6% | – | 1% | – | 10% | Trump +5% |
The Economist/YouGov | May 19–21, 2024 | 1558 (RV) | 40% | 41% | – | 1% | 5% | – | 1% | 4%[au] | 10% | Trump +1% |
Independent Center | May 16–21, 2024 | 1000 (RV) | 39% | 42% | – | – | 13% | – | – | – | 6% | Trump +3% |
ActiVote | May 6–21, 2024 | 1153 (LV) | 42.1% | 44.9% | – | – | 13% | – | – | – | – | Trump +2.8% |
Quinnipiac | May 16–20, 2024 | 1374 (RV) | 41% | 38% | – | 2% | 14% | – | 2% | 2%[av] | 2% | Biden +3% |
Harvard/Harris X | May 15–16, 2024 | 1660 (RV) | 39% | 43% | – | – | 12% | – | – | – | 5% | Trump +4% |
Cygnal | May 14–16, 2024 | 1500 (LV) | 37.7% | 40.8% | – | 2.3% | 8.8% | – | 2.4% | – | 8.0% | Trump +3.1% |
Echelon Insights | May 13–16, 2024 | 1023 (LV) | 38% | 43% | – | 1% | 9% | – | 3% | – | 6% | Trump +5% |
McLaughlin & Associates | May 9–15, 2024 | 1000 (LV) | 36% | 38% | – | 3% | 11% | – | 2% | 1% (Lars Mapstead) |
9% | Trump +2% |
Marquette Law | May 6–15, 2024 | 624 (LV) | 41% | 44% | – | 2% | 11% | – | 2% | – | – | Trump +3% |
America's New Majority/McLaughlin & Associates | May 10–14, 2024 | 2000 (RV) | 37.6% | 39.3% | – | 1.9% | 8.9% | – | 1.4% | 0.6% (Lars Mapstead) |
10.3% | Trump +1.8% |
Redfield & Wilton | May 13, 2024 | 1155 (LV) | 43% | 42% | – | – | 5% | – | – | – | 6% | Biden +1% |
Ipsos | May 7–13, 2024 | 1730 (RV) | 37% | 35% | – | – | 5% | – | – | 7%[aw] | 17% | Biden +2% |
RMG Research | May 6–9, 2024 | 2000 (RV) | 42% | 39% | – | – | 11% | – | – | 3% | 6% | Biden +3% |
Big Village | May 3–8, 2024 | 2867 (LV) | 41.9% | 40.6% | – | 1.2% | 8.8% | – | – | 0.6% (I would not vote) |
6.9% | Biden +1.3% |
I&I/Tipp | May 1–3, 2024 | 1264 (RV) | 39% | 38% | – | 1% | 12% | – | 1% | 2% | 7% | Biden +1% |
Redfield & Wilton | May 1, 2024 | 1133 (LV) | 41% | 43% | – | – | 7% | – | – | – | 5% | Trump +2% |
Suffolk University/USA Today | April 30 – May 3, 2024 | 1000 (RV) | 36.7% | 37.1% | – | 1.6% | 8.0% | – | 1.2% | 3.3%[ax] | 12.1% | Trump +0.4% |
Reuters/Ipsos | April 29–30, 2024 | 856 (RV) | 39% | 38% | – | – | 8% | – | – | 6% (I wouldn't vote) |
9% | Biden +1% |
ActiVote | April 13–30, 2024 | 1025 (LV) | 41.2% | 44.4% | – | – | 14.4% | – | – | – | – | Trump +3.2% |
Florida Atlantic/Mainstreet Research | April 26–28, 2024 | 851 (LV) | 43.7% | 39.5% | – | – | 11.0% | – | – | 2.5% | 3.4% | Biden +4.2% |
Harvard/Harris X | April 24–25, 2024 | 1961 (RV) | 37% | 44% | – | 1% | 10% | – | 1% | – | 6% | Trump +7% |
NPR/PBS/Marist | April 22–25, 2024 | 1199 (RV) | 42% | 42% | – | 2% | 11% | – | 2% | – | 2% | Even |
CNN/SSRS | April 18–23, 2024 | 967 (RV) | 33% | 42% | – | 4% | 16% | – | 3% | 2%[ay] | 1% | Trump +9% |
Quinnipiac | April 18–22, 2024 | 1429 (RV) | 37% | 37% | – | 3% | 16% | – | 3% | 2%[az] | 2% | Even |
Marist College | April 16–18, 2024 | 1047 (RV) | 43% | 38% | – | 2% | 14% | – | 2% | – | 1% | Biden +5% |
Emerson College | April 16–17, 2024 | 1308 (RV) | 39.9% | 43.5% | – | 1.0% | 7.6% | – | 0.4% | – | 7.6% | Trump +3.6% |
NBC News | April 12–16, 2024 | 1000 (RV) | 39% | 37% | – | 2% | 13% | – | 3% | 1% Would not vote |
3% | Biden +2% |
McLaughlin & Associates | April 10–16, 2024 | 1000 (LV) | 36% | 38% | – | 2% | 10% | – | 2% | 2% (Lars Mapstead) |
9% | Trump +2% |
Echelon Insights | April 12–14, 2024 | 1020 (LV) | 41% | 40% | – | 2% | 11% | – | 2% | – | 4% | Biden +1% |
ActiVote | March 24 – April 10, 2024 | 1083 (LV) | 40.7% | 44.0% | – | – | 15.3% | – | – | – | – | Trump +3.3% |
Redfield & Wilton | April 6–7, 2024 | 4000 (RV) | 41% | 41% | – | – | 9% | – | – | – | 6% | Even |
I&I/Tipp | April 3–5, 2024 | 1265 (RV) | 38% | 38% | – | 2% | 11% | – | 1% | 2% | 9% | Even |
Emerson College | April 2–3, 2024 | 1438 (RV) | 42.0% | 43.2% | – | 0.7% | 7.8% | – | 0.5% | – | 5.8% | Trump +1.2% |
Big Village | March 29–31, 2024 | 1425 (LV) | 41.9% | 39.7% | – | 1.8% | 7.8% | – | – | 0.6% (I would not vote) |
8.1% | Biden +2.2% |
Trafalgar | March 29–31, 2024 | 1092 (LV) | 39.8% | 43.1% | – | 1.7% | 11.4% | – | 0.8% | – | 3.1% | Trump +3.3% |
Data For Progress | March 27–29, 2024 | 1200 (LV) | 41% | 42% | – | 1% | 8% | – | 1% | – | 6% | Trump +1% |
NPR/PBS/Marist | March 25–28, 2024 | 1199 (RV) | 43% | 41% | – | 1% | 11% | – | 2% | – | 1% | Biden +2% |
Marquette Law | March 18–28, 2024 | 614 (LV) | 41% | 41% | – | 4% | 13% | – | 2% | – | – | Even |
HarrisX/Forbes | March 25, 2024 | 1010 (RV) | 37% | 40% | – | 1% | 12% | – | 1% | – | 8% | Trump +3% |
Fox News | March 22–25, 2024 | 1094 (RV) | 38% | 43% | – | 2% | 12% | – | 2% | 1% (Wouldn't vote) |
2% | Trump +5% |
Quinnipiac | March 21–25, 2024 | 1407 (RV) | 38% | 39% | – | 3% | 13% | – | 4% | 1% (Refused) |
2% | Trump +1% |
Daily Mail/J.L. Partners | March 20–24, 2024 | 1000 (LV) | 39% | 43% | – | 2% | 7% | – | 1% | – | 8% | Trump +4% |
Echelon Insights | March 18–21, 2024 | 1006 (LV) | 40% | 43% | – | 1% | 10% | – | 2% | – | 4% | Trump +3% |
Harvard/Harris X | March 20–21, 2024 | 2111 (RV) | 36% | 41% | – | 1% | 14% | – | 2% | – | 6% | Trump +5% |
McLaughlin & Associates | March 9–14, 2024 | 1000 (LV) | 34% | 38% | – | 2% | 12% | 2% | 2% | – | 9% | Trump +4% |
Big Village | March 8–13, 2024 | 1518 (LV) | 39.5% | 40.9% | – | 1.8% | 8.5% | – | – | 1.0% (Would not vote) |
8.2% | Trump +1.4% |
Reuters/Ipsos | March 7–13, 2024 | 4094 (A) | 31% | 32% | – | – | 16% | – | – | 10% (I wouldn't vote) |
11% | Trump +1% |
Suffolk University/USA Today | March 8–11, 2024 | 1000 (RV) | 38% | 40% | – | 2% | 9% | 2% (No Labels candidate) |
2% | 1% (Libertarian candidate) |
5% | Trump +2% |
HarrisX | March 8–10, 2024 | 2017 (RV) | 35% | 41% | – | 1% | 12% | – | 1% | – | 10% | Trump +6% |
Emerson College | March 5–6, 2024 | 1350 (RV) | 41.5% | 43.2% | – | 1.6% | 6.0% | – | 0.5% | – | 7.2% | Trump +1.7% |
Redfield & Wilton | March 2, 2024 | 1500 (LV) | 39% | 43% | – | – | 9% | – | – | – | 7% | Trump +4% |
I&I/Tipp | February 28 – March 1, 2024 | 1246 (RV) | 38% | 38% | – | 2% | 9% | – | 1% | 3% | 9% | Even |
G Squared Public Strategies/Third Way | February 27 – March 1, 2024 | 2000 (LV) | 36% | 36% | 8%[ba] | – | 13% | – | – | – | 7% | Even |
Fox News | February 25–28, 2024 | 1262 (RV) | 38% | 41% | – | 3% | 13% | – | 2% | <1% | 2% | Trump +3% |
Fox News | February 25–28, 2024 | 1262 (RV) | 35% | – | 28% | 5% | 24% | – | 2% | 3%[bb] | 2% | Biden +7% |
HarrisX | February 24–28, 2024 | 3021 (RV) | 36% | 40% | – | 2% | 11% | – | 1% | – | 10% | Trump +4% |
GBAO/WSJ/Fabrizio Lee | February 21–28, 2024 | 1745 (RV) | 35% | 40% | – | 2% | 9% | – | 1% | 1% (Lars Mapstead) |
12% | Trump +5% |
HarrisX | February 20–23, 2024 | 3010 (RV) | 40% | 42% | – | 2% | 12% | – | 1% | – | 11% | Trump +2% |
Harvard/HarrisX | February 21–22, 2024 | 2022 (RV) | 33% | 42% | – | 1% | 14% | – | 1% | – | 8% | Trump +9% |
Quinnipiac | February 15–19, 2024 | 1421 (RV) | 38% | 37% | – | 3% | 15% | – | 3% | 1% (Wouldn't vote) |
2% | Biden +1% |
Quinnipiac | February 15–19, 2024 | 1421 (RV) | 35% | – | 27% | 5% | 24% | – | 3% | 4%[bc] | 2% | Biden +8% |
Manchin announces he won't run for president | ||||||||||||
Emerson College | February 13–14, 2024 | 1225 (RV) | 37.9% | 40.2% | – | 1.4% | 6.7% | – | 1.3% | – | 12.5% | Trump +2.3% |
Echelon Insights | February 12–14, 2024 | 1015 (LV) | 37% | 42% | – | 2% | 8% | 2% | 2% | – | 6% | Trump +5% |
Redfield & Wilton | February 10, 2024 | ??? (LV) | 41% | 42% | – | – | 8% | – | – | 3% | 6% | Trump +1% |
Marquette Law | February 5–15, 2024 | 628 (LV) | 40% | 43% | – | 1% | 14% | – | 1% | <1% | – | Trump +3% |
Atlas Intel | February 2–7, 2024 | 1637 (RV) | 42.3% | 43.9% | – | 0.1% | 5.2% | – | – | 5.2%[bd] | 4.7% | Trump +1.6% |
Atlas Intel | February 2–7, 2024 | 1637 (RV) | 41% | – | 23% | 0.5% | 11.4% | – | – | 13.9%[bd] | 10.2% | Biden +18% |
Atlas Intel | February 2–7, 2024 | 1637 (RV) | 41.6% (Michelle Obama) |
39% | – | 0% | 5.1% | – | – | 4%[bd] | 10.3% | Obama +2.6% |
Survey USA | January 31 – February 2, 2024 | 1500 (RV) | 40% | 45% | 13% | – | – | – | – | – | 3% | Trump +5% |
Survey USA | January 31 – February 2, 2024 | 1500 (RV) | 36% | 43% | 11% | – | 9% | – | – | – | 2% | Trump +7% |
Survey USA | January 31 – February 2, 2024 | 1500 (RV) | 36% | 41% | 10% | 1% | 10% | – | – | – | 2% | Trump +5% |
I&I/Tipp | January 31 – February 2, 2024 | 1266 (RV) | 34% | 40% | – | 2% | 8% | 1% | 3% | 3%[be] | 10% | Trump +6% |
YouGov/UMass | January 25–30, 2024 | 989 (LV) | 39% | 43% | – | – | 9% | – | – | 4% | 4% | Trump +4% |
McLaughlin & Associates | January 25–31, 2024 | 1000 (LV) | 34% | 39% | – | 2% | 9% | 2% | 2% | – | 12% | Trump +5% |
Emerson College | January 26–29, 2024 | 1260 (RV) | 36.9% | 41.7% | 11.8% | – | – | – | – | – | 9.6% | Trump +4.8% |
Emerson College | January 26–29, 2024 | 1260 (RV) | 39.2% | 41.4% | – | 0.8% | 4.9% | – | 0.8% | – | 13% | Trump +2.2% |
Quinnipiac | January 25–29, 2024 | 1650 (RV) | 39% | 37% | – | 3% | 14% | 2% | – | 2%[bf] | 3% | Biden +2% |
Quinnipiac | January 25–29, 2024 | 1650 (RV) | 36% | – | 29% | 3% | 21% | 2% | – | 5%[bg] | 3% | Biden +7% |
Reuters/Ipsos | January 22–24, 2024 | 1250 (RV) | 30% | 36% | – | – | 8% | – | – | 12%[bh] | 13% | Trump +6% |
Harvard/HarrisX | January 17–18, 2024 | 2346 (RV) | 31% | 42% | – | 2% | 15% | – | 2% | – | 8% | Trump +11% |
Echelon Insights | January 16–18, 2024 | 1029 (LV) | 35% | 41% | – | 2% | 11% | 2% | 3% | – | 6% | Trump +6% |
Messenger/Harris X | January 16–17, 2024 | 1045 (RV) | 37% | 40% | – | 2% | 11% | – | 1% | – | 9% | Trump +3% |
Cygnal | January 11–12, 2024 | 2000 (LV) | 41.4% | 41.5% | – | – | 10.2% | – | – | – | 6.9% | Trump +.1% |
Reuters/Ipsos | January 3–9, 2024 | 4677 (A) | 29% | 30% | – | – | 18% | – | – | 11% (I wouldn't vote) |
13% | Trump +1% |
I&I/Tipp | January 3–5, 2024 | 1247 (RV) | 34% | 37% | – | 2% | 8% | 1% | 1% | 5%[bi] | 11% | Trump +3% |
Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size |
Joe Biden |
Donald Trump |
Cornel West |
Robert F. Kennedy Jr |
Joe Manchin |
Jill Stein |
Other | Undecided | Margin |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
USA Today/Suffolk University | December 26–29, 2023 | 1000 (LV) | 33.9% | 37.2% | 2.4% | 9.5% | 1.3% | – | 3.9%[bj] | 11.1% | Trump +3.3% |
Daily Mail/J.L. Partners | December 15–20, 2023 | 984 (LV) | 36% | 40% | 1% | 4% | – | 0% | 8% | 10% | Trump +4% |
McLaughlin & Associates | December 13–19, 2023 | 1000 (LV) | 34% | 36% | 2% | 10% | 3% | 2% | – | 13% | Trump +2% |
Quinnipiac | December 14–18, 2023 | 1647 (RV) | 36% | 38% | 3% | 16% | – | 3% | 2%[bk] | 3% | Trump +2% |
Echelon Insights | December 12–16, 2023 | 1012 (LV) | 36% | 41% | 1% | 9% | – | 1% | 4% (Mark Cuban) |
8% | Trump +5% |
Harvard/Harris | December 13–14, 2023 | 2034 (RV) | 33% | 41% | 2% | 15% | – | 2% | – | 7% | Trump +8% |
Fox News | December 10–13, 2023 | 1007 (RV) | 37% | 41% | 2% | 14% | – | 3% | 2%[bl] | 2% | Trump +4% |
Redfield & Wilton | December 8, 2023 | 1135 (LV) | 38% | 43% | – | 9% | – | – | 3% | 7% | Trump +5% |
Rasmussen | December 6–10, 2023 | 892 (LV) | 32% | 40% | – | 16% | – | – | 6% | 6% | Trump +8% |
Reuters/Ipsos | December 5–11, 2023 | 4411 (A) | 31% | 36% | – | 16% | – | – | 7% (I wouldn't vote) |
10% | Trump +5% |
Cygnal | December 5–7, 2023 | 2000 (LV) | 41.9% | 42.7% | – | 9.3% | – | – | – | 6.1% | Trump +0.8% |
Cygnal | December 5–7, 2023 | 2000 (LV) | 41.3% | 41.0% | – | 8.0% | 3.3% | – | – | 6.4% | Biden +0.3% |
Emerson College | December 4–6, 2023 | 1000 (RV) | 36.7% | 43.4% | 0.7% | 6.5% | – | 1.1% | – | 11.5% | Trump +6.7% |
CNN/SSRS | November 29 – December 6, 2023 | 1197 (RV) | 31% | 39% | 6% | 20% | – | – | 2%[bm] | 2% | Trump +8.0% |
Wall Street Journal | November 29 – December 4, 2023 | 1500 (RV) | 31% | 37% | 3% | 8% | 3% | 2% | 1% (Lars Mapstead) |
14% | Trump +6.0% |
Big Village | November 27 – December 3, 2023 | 2219 (LV) | 36.3% | 41.8% | 2.8% | 11.7% | – | – | 1.4% (I would not vote) |
5.9% | Trump +5.5% |
I&I/Tipp | November 29 – December 1, 2023 | 1301 (RV) | 33% | 38% | 2% | 11% | – | 2% | 4% | 10% | Trump +5.0% |
Messenger/HarrisX | November 22–28, 2023 | 4003 (RV) | 33% | 41% | 2% | 13% | – | – | – | 11% | Trump +8.0% |
Emerson College | November 17–20, 2023 | 1475 (RV) | 36% | 42% | 1% | 7% | – | 1% | – | 13% | Trump +6.0% |
McLaughlin & Associates | November 16–20, 2023 | 1000 (LV) | 32% | 36% | 4% | 12% | 3% | 2% | – | 12% | Trump +4.0% |
Messenger/HarrisX | November 15–19, 2023 | 3017 (RV) | 33% | 40% | 2% | 14% | – | – | – | 11% | Trump +7.0% |
Harvard/HarrisX | November 15–16, 2023 | 2851 (RV) | 33% | 41% | 2% | 16% | – | 2% | – | 6% | Trump +8.0% |
Reuters/Ipsos | November 13–14, 2023 | 1006 (A) | 30% | 32% | – | 20% | – | – | 8% (I wouldn't vote) |
10% | Trump +2.0% |
Fox News | November 10–13, 2023 | 1001 (RV) | 35% | 40% | – | 13% | 5% | 4% | – | 2% | Trump +5.0% |
Fox News | November 10–13, 2023 | 1001 (RV) | 35% | 41% | 3% | 15% | – | 3% | 2%[bn] | 2% | Trump +6.0% |
Quinnipiac | November 9–13, 2023 | 1574 (RV) | 35% | 38% | 3% | 17% | – | 3% | 1% (Wouldn't vote) |
2% | Trump +3.0% |
Stein declares her Green Party candidacy | |||||||||||
Rasmussen | November 8–12, 2023 | 987 (LV) | 39% | 38% | – | 12% | – | – | – | 11% | Biden +1.0% |
Democracy Corps | November 5–11, 2023 | 500 (RV) | 37% | 45% | 0% | 9% | 3% (Manchin-Hogan) |
– | 5%[bo] | – | Trump +8.0% |
Big Village | October 30 – November 5, 2023 | 1497 (LV) | 37.1% | 40.1% | 1.7% | 12.4% | – | – | 1.4% | 7.3% | Trump +3% |
New York Times/Siena | October 22 – November 3, 2023 | 3662 (LV)[bp] | 34% | 36% | – | 22% | – | – | 1% | 5% | Trump +2% |
I&I/TIPP | November 1–3, 2023 | 1242 (RV) | 39% | 37% | 2% | 9% | – | – | 4% | 8% | Biden +2% |
CNN/SSRS | October 27 – November 2, 2023 | 1271 (RV) | 35% | 41% | 4% | 16% | – | – | 2% | 1% | Trump +6% |
Cygnal | October 30 – November 1, 2023 | 2000 (LV) | 40.4% | 39.4% | – | 11.9% | – | – | – | 8.2% | Biden +1% |
HarrisX/The Messenger | October 30 – November 1, 2023 | 2021 (RV) | 36% | 41% | 2% | 11% | – | – | – | 10% | Trump +5% |
American Pulse | October 27–30, 2023 | 568 (LV) | 38.9% | 39.3% | – | 11.3% | – | – | 2.6% | 7.9% | Trump +.4% |
Quinnipiac | October 26–30, 2023 | 1610 (RV) | 36% | 35% | 6% | 19% | – | – | 2% | 2% | Biden +1% |
Redfield & Wilton | October 29, 2023 | 1183 (LV) | 38% | 40% | – | 10% | – | – | 3%[bq] | 10% | Trump +2% |
Echelon Insights | October 23–26, 2023 | 1029 (LV) | 35% | 38% | 1% | 12% | – | – | 8% (No Labels party candidate) |
7% | Trump +3% |
McLaughlin & Associates | October 22–26, 2023 | 1000 (LV) | 35% | 38% | 2% | 12% | – | – | – | 13% | Trump +3% |
Abacus Data | October 24–25, 2023 | 1500 (RV) | 39% | 39% | – | 8% | – | – | 5% | 10% | Even |
SP&R | October 17–23, 2023 | 1000 (A) | 47% | 40% | – | 6% | – | – | 3% | 4% | Biden +7% |
HarrisX/The Messenger | October 16–23, 2023 | 3029 (RV) | 35% | 38% | 2% | 12% | – | – | – | 12% | Trump +3% |
USA Today/Suffolk | October 17–20, 2023 | 1000 (RV) | 37% | 36% | 4% | 13% | – | – | – | 8% | Biden +1% |
Harvard/HarrisX | October 18–19, 2023 | 2116 (RV) | 31% | 39% | 3% | 18% | – | – | – | 9% | Trump +8% |
LPTAD | October 16–19, 2023 | 1000 (LV) | 35% | 35% | 3% | 13% | – | – | – | 12% | Even |
YouGov/Yahoo | October 12–16, 2023 | 1122 (RV) | 40% | 39% | – | 9% | – | – | 2% | 9% | Biden +1% |
Zogby Analytics | October 13–15, 2023 | 869 (LV) | 41.2% | 42.6% | 3.7% | 12.5% | – | – | – | – | Trump +1.4% |
MNA | October 11–17, 2023 | 3318 (LV) | 36.9% | 37.9% | – | 14.2% | – | – | 8.6% | 2.4% | Trump +1% |
NPR/PBS/Marist | October 10–11, 2023 | 1218 (RV) | 44% | 37% | – | 16% | – | – | – | 3% | Biden +7% |
Kennedy declares his Independent candidacy | |||||||||||
Fox News | October 6–9, 2023 | 1007 (RV) | 41% | 41% | – | 16% | – | – | 2%[br] | 1% | Even |
Fox News | October 6–9, 2023 | 1007 (RV) | 43% | 45% | 9% | – | – | – | 2%[bs] | 2% | Trump +2% |
Cygnal | October 3–5, 2023 | 3000 (LV) | 38.8% | 39.6% | – | 12.3% | – | – | – | 9.3% | Trump +0.8% |
Reuters/Ipsos | October 3–4, 2023 | 1005 (A) | 31% | 33% | – | 14% | – | – | 9% | 13% | Trump +2% |
Echelon Insights | September 25–28, 2023 | 1011 (LV) | 36% | 40% | – | 14% | – | – | – | 10% | Trump +4% |
John Zogby Strategies | September 23–24, 2023 | 1008 (LV) | 38% | 38% | – | 19% | – | – | 5% | – | Even |
Mclaughlin & Associates | September 22–26, 2023 | 1000 (LV) | 36% | 40% | 4% | – | 6% | – | – | 14% | Trump +4% |
Mclaughlin & Associates | September 22–26, 2023 | 1000 (LV) | 38% | 43% | 6% | – | – | – | – | 13% | Trump +5% |
Gravis | September 19–20, 2023 | 1262 (LV) | 40% | 41% | 2% | – | – | – | 4% (Lars Mapstead) |
13% (Other or undecided) |
Trump +1% |
Emerson College | September 17–18, 2023 | 1125 (RV) | 42% | 43% | 4% | – | – | – | – | 11% | Trump +1% |
YouGov | September 7–18, 2023 | 3098 (RV) | 45% | 43% | – | – | 2% | – | 5%[bt] | 5% | Biden +2% |
PRRI | August 25–30, 2023 | 2525 (RV) | 41% | 37% | 5% | – | 10% | – | – | 6% | Biden +4% |
PRRI | August 25–30, 2023 | 2525 (RV) | 38% | 43% | 4% | – | – | – | 10% (Larry Hogan) |
7% | Trump +5% |
Wall Street Journal | August 24–30, 2023 | 1500 (RV) | 39% | 40% | 2% | – | – | – | 1% (Lars Mapstead) |
17% | Trump +1% |
Emerson College | August 25–26, 2023 | 1000 (RV) | 39% | 44% | 4% | – | – | – | – | 13% | Trump +5% |
Mclaughlin & Associates | August 15–23, 2023 | 1000 (LV) | 41% | 42% | 6% | – | – | – | – | 11% | Trump +1% |
Mclaughlin & Associates | August 15–23, 2023 | 1000 (LV) | 38% | 39% | 5% | – | 7% | – | – | 12% | Trump +1% |
Emerson College | August 16–17, 2023 | 1000 (RV) | 41% | 42% | 5% | – | – | – | – | 13% | Trump +1% |
McLaughlin & Associates | July 19–24, 2023 | 1000 (LV) | 38% | 40% | 6% | – | 5% | – | – | 12% | Trump +2% |
McLaughlin & Associates | July 19–24, 2023 | 1000 (LV) | 40% | 42% | 5% | – | – | – | – | 13% | Trump +2% |
Reuters/Ipsos | July 11–17, 2023 | 4414 (A) | 31% | 31% | – | 18% | – | – | 9% | 10% | Even |
Echelon Insights | June 26–29, 2023 | 1020 (LV) | 42% | 43% | 4% | – | – | – | – | 11% | Trump +1% |
Emerson College | June 19–20, 2023 | 1015 (RV) | 40% | 41% | 6% | – | – | – | 7% | 6% | Trump +1% |
West declares his candidacy | |||||||||||
Data For Progress | May 25 – June 5, 2023 | 1625 (LV) | 44% | 44% | – | – | – | – | 6% (Larry Hogan) |
7% | Even |
Echelon Insights | May 22–25, 2023 | 1035 (LV) | 41% | 42% | – | – | 9% | – | – | 8% | Trump +1% |
RMG Research | May 22–24, 2023 | 1000 (RV) | 35% | 37% | – | – | 12% | – | 4% | 12% | Trump +2% |
See also
editNotes
edit- ^ Affiliate of Liberal Party USA, unaffiliated with the Libertarian Party
- ^ Affiliate of Liberal Party USA, unaffiliated with the Libertarian Party
- ^ Disaffiliated from Unity Party of America
- ^ unaffiliated with national Constitution Party
- ^ Margaret Trowe was originally named the party's vice presidential nominee but withdrew due to health issues
- ^ Ayyadurai is not eligible to serve as president as he is not a natural-born citizen, but he claims he can run for office.
- ^ Unaffiliated with the Green Party of the United States
- ^ Unaffiliated with national Natural Law Party
- ^ Disaffiliated with Unity Party of America
- ^ Disaffiliated with Constitution Party
- ^ While the Presidential and Vice-Presidential nominations occur separately, Presidential candidates often make known their preferred Vice Presidential nominees should they receive the nomination
- ^ Originally was announced as Kristin Alexander[98]
- ^ Lars Mapstead, who was seeking the Libertarian nomination at the time, and Jasmine Sherman, who was seeking the Green nomination at the time, also participated.
- ^ Joe Biden, who was the presumptive Democratic nominee at the time of the debate, was invited to attend but declined.
- ^ Invited
- ^ including several other parties
- ^ including several other parties
- ^ Includes:
- 1% for other candidate
- 1% for would not vote
- ^ Includes:
- 3% for would no vote
- 2% for other candidate
- 1% skipped
- ^ 1% other, 2% would not vote
- ^ Includes:
- 1% would not vote
- 1% for someone else
- ^ Includes:
- 9% for would not vote
- 3% for someone else
- ^ Includes:
- 2% for other
- 1% for I would not vote
- ^ Includes:
- 1% for someone else
- 1% for refused
- ^ Includes:
- 2% for other
- 1% for I would not vote
- ^ Includes:
- 2% for won't vote
- 1% for other
- ^ Includes:
- 4% for Someone else
- 2% for Will not vote
- 1% for Chase Oliver
- ^ Includes:
- 3% for other
- 3% for I would not vote
- ^ Includes:
- 5% for I wouldn't vote
- 1% for skipped
- ^ Includes:
- 2% for other
- 1% for I would not vote
- ^ Includes:
- 2% for Someone else
- 2% for Will not vote
- 1% for Chase Oliver
- ^ Includes:
- 1% for other
- 2% for I would not vote
- ^ Includes:
- 2% for Chase Oliver
- 1% for none
- 1% for other
- 1% for would not vote
- ^ Includes:
- 2% for I would not vote
- 1% for other
- ^ Includes:
- 2% for "Not going to vote/wouldn't vote if those were the choices"
- 1% for Chase Oliver
- ^ Includes:
- 3% for do not plan to vote
- 1% for Chase Oliver
- ^ Includes:
- 1% for Chase Oliver
- 1% for refused
- ^ Includes:
- 1% for other
- 1% for I would not vote
- ^ Includes:
- 2% for "Not going to vote/wouldn't vote if those were the choices"
- 1% for Chase Oliver
- <1% for another candidate
- ^ Includes:
- 1% for Chase Oliver
- 1% for someone else
- 1% for wouldn't vote
- ^ Includes:
- 1.4% for I would not vote
- 1.0% for other
- ^ Includes:
- 2% for I would not vote
- 1% for other
- ^ Includes:
- 2% for I would not vote
- 1% for other
- ^ Includes:
- 8% for someone else
- 8% for I would not vote
- ^ Includes:
- 1% for Other
- 1% for I would not vote
- ^ Includes:
- 2% for "I would not vote"
- 1% for other
- ^ Includes:
- 3% for "I would not vote"
- 1% for "other"
- ^ Includes:
- 1% for wouldn't vote
- 1% for refused
- ^ Includes:
- 4% for "other candidate"
- 3% for "would not vote"
- ^ Includes:
- 1.7% for the "Libertarian party candidate"
- 1.6% for "refused"
- ^ Includes:
- 1% for other
- 1% for "do not plan to vote"
- ^ Includes:
- 1% for wouldn't vote
- 1% for refused
- ^ Listed as Haley and Phillips
- ^ Includes
- 2% for "wouldn't vote"
- 1% for other
- ^ Includes:
- 2% for "wouldn't vote"
- 1% for "someone else"
- 1% for "refused"
- ^ a b c For "blank or null vote/won't vote
- ^ Includes:
- 2% for "other"
- 1% for Lars Mapstead
- ^ Includes:
- "Wouldn't vote" at 1%
- "Refused" at 1%
- ^ Includes:
- "Wouldn't vote" at 3%
- "Someone else" at 1%
- "Refused" at 1%
- ^ Includes:
- "I wouldn't vote" at 10%
- "Dean Phillips (independent)" at 2%
- ^ Includes:
- "Other" at 4%
- Lars Mapstead at 1%
- ^ Includes:
- "Lars Mapstead" at 2.3%
- "No-Labels candidate" at 1.6%
- ^ Includes:
- "Wouldn't vote" at 1%
- "Someone else" at 1%
- ^ Includes:
- 1% for "wouldn't vote"
- 1% for "other"
- ^ Includes:
- "Other" at 1%
- "Do not plan to vote" at 1%
- ^ Includes:
- "Wouldn't vote" at 1%
- "Other" at 1%
- ^ Includes:
- "Other" at 2%
- "Chase Oliver" at 2%
- "Green Party Candidate" at 1%
- ^ Only included voters from the "battleground" states of Arizona, Georgia, Michigan Nevada, Pennsylvania and Wisconsin
- ^ Includes:
- "Other (Libertarian)" at 1%
- "Other (Another Third Party/Write-In)" at 1%
- "Won't vote" at 1%
- ^ Includes:
- "Other" at 1%
- "Wouldn't Vote" at 1%
- ^ Includes:
- "Other" at 1%
- "Wouldn't Vote" at 1%
- ^ Includes:
- "Another Candidate" at 3%
- "I would not vote" at 2%
Ballot access
edit- ^ Oliver on the ballot in:
- Alabama (9, as Independent)[2]
- Alaska (3)[2]
- Arizona (11)[2]
- Arkansas (6)[2]
- California (54)[2]
- Colorado (10)[2]
- Connecticut (7)[2]
- Delaware (3)[2]
- Florida (30)[2]
- Georgia (16)[2]
- Hawaii (4)[3]
- Idaho (4)[3]
- Indiana (11)[2]
- Iowa (6)[3]
- Kansas (6)[2]
- Kentucky (8)[4]
- Louisiana (8)[2]
- Maine (4)[2]
- Maryland (10)[2]
- Massachusetts (11)[5]
- Michigan (15)[2]
- Minnesota (10)[2]
- Mississippi (6)[2]
- Missouri (10)[3]
- Montana (4)[2]
- Nebraska (5)[3]
- Nevada (6)[3]
- New Hampshire (4)[2]
- New Jersey (14)[2]
- New Mexico (5)[2]
- North Carolina (16)[2]
- North Dakota (3, as Independent)[2]
- Ohio (17)[2]
- Oklahoma (7)[2]
- Oregon (8)[2]
- Pennsylvania (19)[2]
- South Carolina (9)[2]
- South Dakota (3)[2]
- Texas (40)[2]
- Utah (6)[2]
- Vermont (3)[2]
- Virginia (13)[2]
- Washington (12)[2]
- West Virginia (4)[2]
- Wisconsin (10)[3]
- Wyoming (3)[2]
- ^ Libertarian Party registered write-in in:
- ^ Libertarian Party write-in states:
- Rhode Island (4)
- ^ Stein on the ballot in:
- Alabama (9, Independent)[2]
- Alaska (3, as Independent)[2]
- Arizona (11)[2]
- Arkansas (6)[2]
- California (54)[2]
- Colorado (10)[3]
- Connecticut (7)[9]
- Washington, D.C. (3)[3]
- Florida (30)[2]
- Georgia (16)[2]
- Hawaii (4)[3]
- Idaho (4) (as independent)
- Kentucky (8)[10]
- Louisiana (8)[2]
- Maine (4)[2]
- Maryland (10)[2]
- Michigan (15)[2]
- Minnesota (10)[2]
- Mississippi (6)[3]
- Missouri (10)[11]
- Montana (4)[2]
- Nevada (6)[2]
- New Hampshire (4)[2]
- New Jersey (14)[2]
- New Mexico (5)[2]
- North Carolina (16)[2]
- Ohio (17, as Independent)[2]
- Oregon (8)[3]
- Pennsylvania (19)[2]
- South Carolina (9)[2]
- Tennessee (11, as Independent)[2]
- Texas (40)[2]
- Utah (6)[2]
- Virginia (13)[2]
- Washington (12)[2]
- West Virginia (4)[3]
- Wisconsin (10)[2]
- ^ Petitioned to be on the ballot in:
- Massachusetts (11)[12][better source needed]
- Nebraska (5)[13]
- Rhode Island (4)[14]
- ^ Green Party registered write-in in:
- ^ Stein write-in states:
- ^ De la Cruz on the ballot in:
- California (54, as Peace and Freedom Party)[2]
- Florida (30)[2]
- Georgia (16, as Independent)[2]
- Hawaii (4)[19]
- Idaho (4)[20]
- Iowa (6)[21]
- Louisiana (8)[2]
- Minnesota (10)[2]
- Mississippi (6)[22]
- New Jersey (14)[2]
- New Mexico (5) [2]
- South Carolina (9, as South Carolina Workers Party)[2]
- Tennessee (11, as Independent)[2]
- Utah (6, as Independent)[2]
- Vermont (3)[2]
- Washington (12)[2]
- Virginia (13)[2]
- Wisconsin (10)[23]
- ^ De la Cruz petitioned to be on the ballot in:
- ^ De la Cruz registered write-in in:
- ^ De la Cruz write-in states:
- Alabama (9)
- New Hampshire (4)
- Oregon (8)
- Pennsylvania (19)
- Wyoming (3)
- ^ Cornel West on the ballot in:
- Alaska (3, as Aurora Party)[2][32]
- Colorado (10, as Unity Party)[3]
- Georgia (16)[2]
- Louisiana (8, as Justice Fo All)[2]
- Maine (4, as Justice For All)[2]
- Michigan (15)[2]
- Minnesota (10, as Justice For All)[2]
- Mississippi (6, as Natural Law Party)[3]
- Nebraska (5, as Nebraska Legal Marijuana NOW Party)[3]
- North Carolina (16, as Justice For All)[2]
- Oregon (8, as Progressive Party)[2]
- South Carolina (9, as United Citizens Party)[2]
- Utah (6)[2]
- Vermont (3, as Green Mountain Peace and Justice Party)[2]
- Washington (12, as Justice For All Party)[2]
- Wisconsin (10)[2]
- ^ West write-in states:
- ^ West write-in states:
- Alabama (9)
- Iowa (6)
- New Hampshire (4)
- New Jersey (14)
- Pennsylvania (19)
- Rhode Island (4)
- Wyoming (3)
- ^ Constitution Party on the ballot in:
- ^ Constitution Party write-in states:
- Alabama (9)
- Iowa (6)
- New Hampshire (4)
- Pennsylvania (19)
- Rhode Island (4)
- Vermont (3)
- Wyoming (3)
- ^ Rejected nominee states:
- ^ American Solidarity Party on the ballot in:
- ^ American Solidarity Party registered write-in in:
- ^ American Solidarity Party write-in states:
- Alabama (9)
- Iowa (6)
- New Hampshire (4)
- New Jersey (14)
- Oregon (8)
- Pennsylvania (19)
- Rhode Island (4)
- Vermont (3)
- Wyoming (3)
- ^ Socialist Workers Party on the ballot in:
- ^ Socialist Workers Party write-in states:
- Alabama (9)
- Iowa (6)
- New Hampshire (4)
- Oregon (8)
- Pennsylvania (19)
- Rhode Island (4)
- Wyoming (3)
- ^ Socialist Equality Party on the ballot in:
- Michigan (15)[2]
- New Jersey (14)[2]
- Washington (12)[2]
- ^ Socialist Equality Party write-in states:
- Alabama (9)
- Iowa (6)
- New Hampshire (4)
- Oregon (8)
- Pennsylvania (19)
- Rhode Island (4)
- Vermont (3)
- Wyoming (3)
- ^ Ayyadurai on the ballot in:
- Idaho (4)[50]
- Iowa (6)[51]
- Minnesota (10)[2]
- Mississippi (6)[52]
- Washington (12)[2]
- ^ Ayyadurai registered write-in in:
- ^ Ayyadurai write-in states:
- Alabama (9)
- New Hampshire (4)
- New Jersey (14)
- Oregon (8)
- Pennsylvania (19)
- Rhode Island (4)
- Vermont (3)
- Wyoming (3)
- ^ Duncan certified in:
- ^ Duncan write-in states:
- Alabama (9)
- Iowa (6)
- New Hampshire (4)
- New Jersey (14)
- Oregon (8)
- Pennsylvania (19)
- Rhode Island (4)
- Vermont (3)
- Wyoming (3)
- ^ Constitution Party offshoots on the ballot in:
- ^ Constitution Party offshoots write-in states:
- Alabama (9)
- Iowa (6)
- New Hampshire (4)
- New Jersey (14)
- Oregon (8)
- Pennsylvania (19)
- Rhode Island (4)
- Vermont (3)
- Wyoming (3)
- ^ Bowman certified in:
- Tennessee (11)[2]
- ^ Bowman registered write-in in:
- ^ Bowman write-in states:
- Alabama (9)
- Iowa (6)
- New Hampshire (4)
- New Jersey (14)
- Oregon (8)
- Pennsylvania (19)
- Rhode Island (4)
- Vermont (3)
- Wyoming (3)
- ^ Approval Voting Party on the ballot in:
- ^ Approval Voting Party write-in states:
- Alabama (9)
- Iowa (6)
- New Hampshire (4)
- New Jersey (14)
- Oregon (8)
- Pennsylvania (19)
- Rhode Island (4)
- Vermont (3)
- Wyoming (3)
- ^ Preston certified in:
- ^ Preston write-in states:
- Alabama (9)
- Iowa (6)
- New Hampshire (4)
- New Jersey (14)
- Oregon (8)
- Pennsylvania (19)
- Rhode Island (4)
- Vermont (3)
- Wyoming (3)
- ^ Garrity certified in:
- ^ Garrity registered write-in in:
- Colorado (10)[61]
- West Virginia (4)[2]
- ^ Garrity write-in states:
- Alabama (9)
- Iowa (6)
- New Hampshire (4)
- New Jersey (14)
- Oregon (8)
- Pennsylvania (19)
- Rhode Island (4)
- Vermont (3)
- Wyoming (3)
- ^ Prohibition Party on the ballot in:
- ^ Prohibition Party write-in states:
- Alabama (9)
- Iowa (6)
- New Hampshire (4)
- New Jersey (14)
- Oregon (8)
- Pennsylvania (19)
- Rhode Island (4)
- Vermont (3)
- Wyoming (3)
- ^ Everylove on the ballot in:
- ^ Everylove write-in states:
- Alabama (9)
- Iowa (6)
- New Hampshire (4)
- New Jersey (14)
- Oregon (8)
- Pennsylvania (19)
- Rhode Island (4)
- Vermont (3)
- Wyoming (3)
- ^ Socialist USA on the ballot in:
- ^ Socialist USA write-in states:
- Alabama (9)
- New Hampshire (4)
- New Jersey (14)
- Oregon (8)
- Pennsylvania (19)
- Rhode Island (4)
- Vermont (3)
- Wyoming (3)
- ^ Supreme on the ballot in:
- ^ Supreme write-in states:
- Alabama (9)
- Iowa (6)
- New Hampshire (4)
- New Jersey (14)
- Oregon (8)
- Pennsylvania (19)
- Rhode Island (4)
- Vermont (3)
- Wyoming (3)
- ^ Kennedy on the ballot in:
- Alabama (9)[2]
- Alaska (3)[2]
- Arkansas (6)[2]
- California (54, as American Independent)[2]
- Colorado (10)[2]
- Connecticut (7)[84]
- Delaware (3, as Independent Party of Delaware)[2]
- District of Columbia (3)[2]
- Hawaii (4)[3]
- Idaho (4)[85]
- Illinois (19)[2]
- Indiana (11, as We The People)[2]
- Iowa (6)[86][87]
- Kansas (6)[2]
- Kentucky (8)[2]
- Louisiana (8, as We The People)[2]
- Maryland (10)[2]
- Minnesota (10, as We The People)[2]
- Mississippi (6)[2]
- Missouri (10)[88]
- Montana (4)[2]
- Nebraska (5)[2]
- New Jersey (14)[2]
- New Mexico (5)[2]
- Oklahoma (7)[2]
- Oregon (8, as We The People)[2]
- South Dakota (3)[2]
- Tennessee (11)[2]
- ^ Kennedy petitioned to be on the ballot in:
- ^ Kennedy write-in states:
- New Hampshire (4)
- Pennsylvania (19)
- Wyoming (3)
- ^ Kennedy withdraws from ballot in:
- Arizona (11)[90]
- Florida (30)[90]
- Georgia (16)[90]
- Maine (4)[90]
- Michigan (15, as Natural Law)[91]
- Nevada (6)[90]
- New Hampshire (4)[90]
- North Carolina (16, as We The People)[92]
- North Dakota (3)[90]
- Ohio (17)[90]
- Pennsylvania (19)[90]
- South Carolina (9)[90]
- Texas (40)[90]
- Utah (6)[90]
- Virginia (13)[90]
- Wyoming (3)[90]
Even more notes
edit- ^ The Green Party is listed as the D.C. Statehood Green Party in Washington, D.C., as the Maine Green Independent Party in Maine, and as the Mountain Party in West Virginia
- ^ The Constitution Party is listed as the U.S. Taxpayer's Party in Michigan
- ^ State parties in Idaho, Utah, and Nevada disaffiliated with the national party and nominated Skousen
- ^ The Nevada Constitution Party affiliated is listed as the Independent American Party of Nevada
References
edit- ^ DeFeo, T. A. (May 30, 2023). "Oliver sees 2024 as an opportunity for Libertarians to break out". The Center Square. Retrieved May 27, 2024.
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- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u Winger, Richard. "August 2024 Ballot Access News Print Edition".
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- ^ {{cite news |last1=Vagianos |first1=Alanna |title=Anti-Abortion Extremist Will Be On The Presidential Ballot In 12 States|url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/anti-abortion-extremist-randall-terry-presidential-ballot_n_6630f178e4b0849b2edcf8a4 |access-date=May 20, 2024 |work=HuffPost|date=April 30, 2024
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- ^ a b c d "Nevada and Utah Constitution Parties Nominate Joel Skousen for President". Ballot Access News. May 28, 2024.
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