Satoshi Tajiri (Japanese: 田尻 智, Hepburn: Tajiri Satoshi, born August 28, 1965[1]) is a Japanese video game designer and director who is the creator of the Pokémon franchise and the co-founder and president of video game developer Game Freak.
Satoshi Tajiri | |
|---|---|
田尻 智 | |
| Born | August 28, 1965 (age 59) |
| Alma mater | National Institute of Technology, Tokyo College |
| Occupation(s) | President of Game Freak, game designer |
| Years active | 1989–present |
| Employer | Game Freak |
| Notable work | Pokémon |
A fan of arcade games in his youth, Tajiri wrote for and edited his own video gaming fanzine Game Freak with Ken Sugimori, before evolving it into a development company of the same name. Tajiri claims that the joining of two Game Boys via a link cable inspired him to create a game which embodied the collection and companionship of his childhood hobby, insect collecting. The game, which became Pokémon Red and Pokémon Green, took six years to complete and went on to spark a multibillion-dollar franchise which reinvigorated Nintendo's handheld gaming scene. Tajiri continued to work as director for the Pokémon series until the development of Pokémon Ruby and Sapphire, when he changed his role to executive producer, which he holds to this day.
Tajiri has also worked for other Game Freak projects. He was also an executive producer on the live-action film Detective Pikachu.[2]
Early life
editSatoshi Tajiri was born on August 28, 1965, in Setagaya, Tokyo.[3] Tajiri grew up in Machida, Tokyo, which at the time still maintained a rural atmosphere[4] and was rapidly growing.[5] As a child, Tajiri enjoyed insect collecting as a hobby, which would be an inspiration for his later video game work.[6] Other children called him "Dr. Bug",[4] and he wanted to become an entomologist.[3] As urban areas of Japan spread and more land was paved over, habitats for hunting bugs were lost. Tajiri wanted his games to allow children to have the feeling of catching and collecting creatures as he had.[6]
He became fascinated with arcade games as a teenager, though his parents thought he was a delinquent for this pastime.[3] He particularly enjoyed playing Taito's Space Invaders (1978), which drew him into other video games.[4] Space Invaders got him interested in video games; after playing Space Invaders and its video game clones, he wanted to make his own sequel to Space Invaders. He was also inspired by Namco games designed around a single specific action, notably Dig Dug (1982).[7] His interest eventually evolved into attempting to plan his own games. He took his Famicom apart to see how it worked, and won a contest for a video game idea sponsored by Sega.[4]
Because of his fascination with video games, Tajiri frequently cut classes. He took make-up classes and eventually earned his high school diploma.[8] Tajiri did not attend university, but instead attended a two-year technical degree program at the National Institute of Technology, Tokyo College, where he majored in electronics and computer science.[3]
Career
editTajiri wrote and edited a fanzine called Game Freak from 1981 to 1986, focusing on the arcade game scene.[9][10] It was handwritten and stapled together. Satoshi created the Game Freak fanzine to help gamers with winning strategies and lists of easter eggs. The highest selling issue, at more than 10,000 copies, details how to get a high score in Xevious.[11][12] Ken Sugimori, who later illustrated the first 151 Pokémon, saw the magazine at a dōjinshi shop, and became its illustrator.[4][13] As more contributors came to Game Freak, Tajiri began to realize that most games were lacking in quality, and he and Sugimori decided the solution was to make their own games.[4] Tajiri studied the Family BASIC game programming package, to better grasp the concepts of Famicom game design. He then purchased the requisite hardware for game development.[10] Tajiri and Sugimori evolved the magazine into the video game development company Game Freak in 1989.[1][14] Soon after, the two pitched their first game, an arcade-style game called Quinty, to Namco, who published the game.[15] Tajiri also wrote as a freelance writer for the magazine Famicom Hisshōbon, later called Hippon,[16] and reviewed arcade games for Family Computer Magazine and Famicom Tsūshin.
Tajiri first conceived the idea of Pokémon in 1990.[4] The idea came together after he saw a Game Boy and the ability to communicate between Game Boys,[4] and Tajiri decided Pokémon made the most sense on the handheld console. When he thought about the link cable being able to interact with two Game Boys, he envisioned bugs crawling back and forth, recalling his childhood love of bug collecting.[11] Tajiri advanced the connectivity between handheld game consoles beyond Tetris style competition, by suggesting that Game Boys could use their link cables to trade collectibles.[17]
When he first pitched the idea of Pokémon to Nintendo staff, they could not quite grasp the concept, but were impressed enough with Tajiri's game design reputation that they decided to explore it. Shigeru Miyamoto began to mentor Tajiri, guiding him during the creation process.[3] Pokémon Red and Green took six years to produce, and nearly bankrupted Game Freak in the process; often, there was barely enough money to pay the employees.[3] Five employees quit, and Tajiri did not take a salary, instead living off of his father's income.[3] Investment from Creatures Inc. allowed Game Freak to complete the games, and in return, Creatures received one-third of the franchise rights.[18]
Between the approval and completion stages of the project, Tajiri assisted in the design of two Mario spin-off games for Nintendo: Yoshi and the Japanese-only release Mario & Wario.[19] He also worked on 1994's Pulseman for Sega.[20]
Once the games were completed, very few media outlets gave it attention, believing the Game Boy was a dead console; a general lack of interest of merchandising convinced Tajiri that Nintendo would reject the games.[3] The Pokémon games were not expected to do well, but sales steadily increased until the series found itself among Nintendo's top franchises.[6] Rumors of a hidden Pokémon creature named Mew, which could only be obtained by exploiting programming errors, increased interest in the game.[3] Tajiri had included Mew in the game in order to promote trading and interaction between players, but Nintendo was not aware of the creature upon release.[21] The franchise helped Nintendo's waning sales.[22] Tajiri deliberately toned down violence in his games. In this vein, he designed Pokémon creatures to faint rather than die upon their defeat, as he believed it was unhealthy for children to equate the concept of death with losing a game.[4] After the completion and release of Red and Green in Japan, Tajiri later worked on 1997's Bushi Seiryūden: Futari no Yūsha.[23] Tajiri continues to be involved in the more modern Pokémon games as well. For Pokémon FireRed and LeafGreen, he supervised the process from start to finish and approved all the text.[24] While developing games, Tajiri works irregular hours, often laboring 24 hours at a time and resting 12 hours.[4]
Inspirations
editTajiri cites Shigeru Miyamoto as a major influence, thinking of him as a sort of mentor. For this reason, his developmental style closely matches that of Miyamoto.[6] In the Japanese version of the Pokémon anime, the main character is named Satoshi (Ash Ketchum in the English version), and his rival is Shigeru (Gary Oak in the English version).[6]
Tajiri drew much of his inspiration from old Japanese shows and anime,[25] including Godzilla and Ultraman.[4] He has stated that if he did not design video games, he would most likely be in the anime field.[4]
Awards and recognition
editIGN named Tajiri one of the top 100 game creators of all time, mainly for his ability to have built Pokémon into a "worldwide phenomenon".[6] Electronic Gaming Monthly credited Tajiri as one of the 10 most influential people who made the modern video game market.[22] Video game magazine Edge placed Tajiri on their list of the "Hot 100 Game Developers of 2008".[26] Tajiri, alongside Tsunekazu Ishihara, received the Special Award from the Computer Entertainment Developers Conference in 2011.[27] The Economist has described Pokémon as "Japan's most successful export."[28]
Works
editGames
editFilmography
edit| Film | Title | Role |
|---|---|---|
| 2019 | Detective Pikachu | Executive producer |
Bibliography
edit- Tajiri, Satoshi (2002). パックランドでつかまえて [A Catcher in Pac-Land: Video Game Youth Story] (in Japanese). Enterbrain. ISBN 4-7577-1004-6.
- Tajiri, Satoshi (1996). 新ゲームデザイン [New Game Design] (in Japanese). Enix. ISBN 4-87025-858-7.
- Miya, Shotaro (2004). 田尻智ポケモンを創った男 [Satoshi Tajiri: The Man Who Created Pokémon] (in Japanese). Ohta Publishing. ISBN 4-87233-833-2.
See also
edit
References
edit- ^ a b "Satoshi Tajiri Biography". IGN. News Corporation. 2010. Archived from the original on 5 November 2016. Retrieved 27 January 2010.
- ^ "Pokémon Detective Pikachu". Metacritic. Archived from the original on March 8, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2018.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Chua-Eoan, Howard; Tim Larimer (14 November 1999). "Beware of the Pokemania". Time. New York City: Time Inc. Archived from the original on 22 October 2013. Retrieved 28 January 2010.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Larimer, Tim (22 November 1999). "The Ultimate Game Freak". Time. Vol. 154, no. 20. New York City: Time Inc. Archived from the original on December 27, 2011. Retrieved 27 January 2010.
- ^ Peel, Jeremy (2019-03-07). "Pokemon Sword and Shield brings Satoshi Tajiri's vision full circle". VG247. Archived from the original on 2019-03-31. Retrieved 2019-03-31.
- ^ a b c d e f "Top 100 Game Creators of All Time". IGN. News Corporation. 2009. Archived from the original on 3 June 2010. Retrieved 24 September 2018.
- ^ Petit, Carolyn (August 16, 2021). "This 2004 Interview With The Creator Of Pokémon Is Full Of Details I Love". Kotaku. Archived from the original on 16 November 2021. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
- ^ Morrison, Don (22 November 1999). "To Our Readers". Time. Vol. 154, no. 20. New York City: Time Inc. pp. 2–3. Archived from the original on February 12, 2001. Retrieved 27 January 2010.
- ^ Gifford, Kevin (7 April 2008). "'Game Mag Weaseling': Just Checking In". GameSetWatch. Think Services. Archived from the original on 11 October 2012. Retrieved 27 January 2010.
- ^ a b Szczepaniak, John. "Before They Were Famous". Retro Gamer (35). Imagine Publishing: 75.
- ^ a b "The Ultimate Game Freak". Time. 1999-11-22. ISSN 0040-781X. Archived from the original on 2007-11-12. Retrieved 2018-05-07.
- ^ Kikuta, Hiroyuki (2018). ポケモンをつくった男 田尻智 [The Man Who Made Pokémon: Satoshi Tajiri]. Shogakukan. p. 50. ISBN 978-4092701304.
- ^ Kohler, Chris (2004). Power-up: How Japanese Video Games Gave the World an Extra Life. BradyGames. p. 238. ISBN 0-7440-0424-1.
- ^ "Pokemon Blue Version". IGN. News Corporation. 2010. Archived from the original on 19 May 2012. Retrieved 27 January 2010.
- ^ Barnholt, Ray (30 July 2008). "25 Sorta Significant Famicom Games: #19". 1UP.com. UGO Networks. Archived from the original on 29 October 2013. Retrieved 27 January 2010.
- ^ Gifford, Kevin (18 February 2007). "'Game Mag Weaseling': The Bluffer's Guide to Famitsu's Competition". GameSetWatch. Think Services. Archived from the original on 29 May 2010. Retrieved 27 January 2010.
- ^ Nutt, Christian (3 April 2009). "The Art of Balance: Pokémon's Masuda on Complexity and Simplicity". Gamasutra. United Business Media. Archived from the original on 12 May 2012. Retrieved 27 January 2010.
- ^ Fulford, Benjamin (26 July 2009). "Monster mash". Forbes.com. Archived from the original on 4 June 2011. Retrieved 28 January 2010.
- ^ Peterson, Helen (15 November 1999). "King of Craze Too Shy For Spotlight Pifather Is an Introvert". Daily News. Mortimer Zuckerman. Archived from the original on 15 August 2011. Retrieved 28 January 2010.
- ^ "Pulseman". MobyGames. 2010. Archived from the original on 29 December 2011. Retrieved 28 January 2010.
- ^ Shinn, Gini (16 March 2004). "Case Study: First Generation Pokémon Games for the Nintendo Game Boy" (PDF). Stanford, California: Stanford University. p. 4. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 June 2011. Retrieved 28 January 2010.
- ^ a b EGM Staff (30 June 2005). "Top 10 Most Influential People". 1UP.com. Hearst Corporation. Retrieved 27 January 2010.
- ^ Closing credits of Bushi Seiryūden: Futari no Yūsha.
- ^ Harris, Craig (13 May 2004). "E3 2004: The Pokemon Creators Speak". IGN. News Corporation. Archived from the original on 7 May 2009. Retrieved 27 January 2010.
- ^ "Pokémon". Encyclopædia Britannica. Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. 2010. Archived from the original on 30 May 2009. Retrieved 28 January 2010.
- ^ Staff (20 February 2008). "The Hot 100 Game Developers of 2008". Edge. Future plc. Archived from the original on 9 May 2008. Retrieved 27 January 2010.
- ^ "CEDEC AWARDS 2011 最優秀賞発表！". CEDEC 2011 (in Japanese). Computer Entertainment Developers Conference. Archived from the original on 2016-04-01. Retrieved 2016-02-27.
- ^ S.M. (28 Feb 2016). "Pokémon's 20th anniversary: The legacy of Pokémon for millennials". The Economist. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 4 March 2016.