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Mendocino County, California

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Mendocino County (/ˌmɛndəˈsiːnoʊ/ ⓘ; Mendocino, Spanish for "of Mendoza")[6] is a county located on the North Coast of the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 census, the population was 91,601.[7] The county seat is Ukiah.[8]

Mendocino County, California
County
County of Mendocino
Images, from top down, left to right: The community of Mendocino, the historic Grace Hudson Sun House, Point Arena Lighthouse, the Chandelier Tree, the "Skunk Train", a beach in MacKerricher State Park
The county's official seal, in chief two redwood trees and the numbers '1850', a breaking wave on the Pacific Ocean and a vineyard set in relief, bordered by a dark brown circle with the words 'Mendocino County' appearing within the border in gold block letters
Seal
Nickname: 
"Mendo"
Map
Interactive map of Mendocino County with markers for each of its four incorporated cities: Ukiah (red), Fort Bragg (purple), Point Arena (blue), and Willits (yellow)
Mendocino County's location within California
Mendocino County's location within California
Coordinates (Geographic center of Mendocino County): 39°28′09″N 123°23′39″W / 39.4692°N 123.3942°W / 39.4692; -123.3942
CountryUnited States
StateCalifornia
RegionCalifornia North Coast
IncorporatedFebruary 18, 1850; 174 years ago (1850-02-18)[1]
Named forAntonio de Mendoza, Viceroy of New Spain, 1535–42
County seatUkiah
Largest cityUkiah
Government
 • TypeCouncil–CEO
 • BodyMendocino County Board of Supervisors
 • ChairGlenn McGourty
 • Vice ChairMaureen Mulheren
 • Board of Supervisors[2]
Supervisors
  • Glenn McGourty
  • Maureen Mulheren
  • John Haschak
  • Dan Gjerde
  • Ted Williams
 • Chief executive officerDarcie Antle
Area
 • Total
3,878 sq mi (10,040 km2)
 • Land3,506 sq mi (9,080 km2)
 • Water372 sq mi (960 km2)
Highest elevation
[3]
6,958 ft (2,121 m)
Population
 (2020)[4]
 • Total
91,601
 • Density26/sq mi (10/km2)
GDP
[5]
 • Total$4.277 billion (2022)
Time zoneUTC−8 (Pacific Time Zone)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−7 (Pacific Daylight Time)
Area code707
Congressional district2nd
Websitewww.mendocinocounty.org

Mendocino County consists wholly of the Ukiah, California Micropolitan Statistical Area (μSA) for the purposes of the U.S. Census Bureau. It is located approximately equidistant from the San Francisco Bay Area and California/Oregon border, separated from the Sacramento Valley to the east by the California Coast Ranges. While smaller areas of redwood forest are found further south, it is the southernmost California county to be included in the World Wildlife Fund's Pacific temperate rainforests ecoregion, the largest temperate rainforest ecoregion on Earth.[9]

The county is noted for its distinctive Pacific Ocean coastline, its location along California's "Lost Coast", Redwood forests, wine production, microbrews, and liberal views about the use of cannabis and support for its legalization. In 2009, it was estimated that roughly one-third of the economy was based on the cultivation of marijuana.[10]

The notable historic and recreational attraction of the "Skunk Train" previously connected Fort Bragg with Willits in Mendocino County via a steam-locomotive, before a tunnel collapse in 2013.

Mendocino is one of three Northern California counties to make up the "Emerald Triangle", along with Humboldt and Trinity counties.

History

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Antonio de Mendoza, the namesake of Mendocino County.

Mendocino County was one of the original counties of California, created in 1850 at the time of statehood. Due to an initially minor settler American population, it did not have a separate government until 1859 and was under the administration of Sonoma County prior to that.[11] Some of the county's land was given to Sonoma County between 1850 and 1860.[12]

The county derives its name from Cape Mendocino (most of which is actually located in adjacent Humboldt County), which was probably named in honor of either Antonio de Mendoza, Viceroy of New Spain, 1535–1542 (who sent the Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo Expedition to this coast in 1542),[13] or Lorenzo Suárez de Mendoza, Viceroy from 1580 to 1583. Mendocino is the adjectival form of the family name of Mendoza.[11]

Neither Spanish nor Mexican influence extended into Mendocino County beyond the establishment of two Mexican land grants in southern Mendocino County: Rancho Sanel in Hopland, in 1844 and Rancho Yokaya that forms the majority of the Ukiah Valley, in 1845.[11][13]

In the 19th century, despite the establishment of the Mendocino Indian Reservation and Nome Cult Farm in 1856, the county witnessed many of the most serious atrocities in the extermination of the Californian Native American tribes who originally lived in the area, like the Yuki, the Pomo, the Cahto, and the Wintun. The systematic occupation of their lands, the reduction of many of their members into slavery and the raids against their settlements led to the Mendocino War in 1859, where hundreds of Indians were killed. Establishment of the Round Valley Indian Reservation on March 30, 1870, did not prevent the segregation that continued well into the 20th century. Other tribes from the Sierra Nevada mountains were also relocated to the Round Valley Indian Reservation during the "California Trail Of Tears", where the Natives were forced to march in bad conditions to their new home in Round Valley.[14] Many of these tribes thrown together were not on good terms with the other tribes they were forced to live with on the reservation, resulting in tensions still evident today.

Boundary dispute with Trinity County

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In the first half of the 1850's the California State Legislature established that the boundaries of Mendocino and Trinity Counties was the 40th parallel north. Both county board of supervisor's hired the surveyor W.H. Fauntleroy to survey the parallel, which he completed on October 30, 1872. The accuracy of the boundary was doubtful, and by 1891 the Mendocino County Board of Supervisors requested the California surveyor-general to survey the line and establish the boundaries between the two counties. The new line, as surveyed by Sam H. Rice and approved by the California Attorney General on December 18, 1891, was found to be 2 miles north of the common boundary surveyed by W.H. Fauntleroy, thereby resulting in Trinity County exercising jurisdiction two miles south of the 40th parallel north. Between 1891 and 1907, both counties claimed that the 2 mile wide strip of land belonged to themselves and not the other, with both counties attempting to levy and collect property tax land in said strip. In 1907, Trinity County sued Mendocino County in a Tehama County court to settle the dispute. The trial court in Tehama County ruled in favor of Trinity County, even though the land was situated south of the 40th parallel and state law stated that lands south of that parallel belonged to Mendocino County. The appellate court upheld the ruling of the trial court since Section 10 of the special act of March 30, 1872 (Stats. 1871-2, p. 766), which concerned this boundary and was the act under which Fauntleroy acted under, authorized the survey of the theretofore unknown location of the 40th parallel north, stated that "the lines run out, marked and defined as required by this act are hereby declared to be the true boundary lines of the counties named herein", thereby making the law in the political code which defined the boundary as the 40th parallel north only a suggestion and not a fact.[15] The legislature subsequently affirmed this decision, with the modern statute defining the borders of the two counties referencing the survey of Fauntleroy as being the boundary between the two counties instead of the 40th parallel north.[16]

Geography

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A vineyard in Mendocino County

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 3,878 square miles (10,040 km2), of which 3,506 square miles (9,080 km2) is land and 372 square miles (960 km2) (9.6%) is water.[17]

Adjacent counties

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Rivers

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Aerial view of the mouth of the Noyo River on the Pacific Ocean at Fort Bragg

Beaches

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A beach near Elk

National and state protected areas

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Flora and fauna

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Main article: List of species endemic to Mendocino County, California

Demographics

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Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
185055—
18603,9677,112.7%
18707,54590.2%
188012,80069.6%
189017,61237.6%
190020,46516.2%
191023,92916.9%
192024,1160.8%
193023,505−2.5%
194027,86418.5%
195040,85446.6%
196051,05925.0%
197051,1010.1%
198066,73830.6%
199080,34520.4%
200086,2657.4%
201087,8411.8%
202091,6014.3%
2023 (est.)89,108[18]−2.7%
U.S. Decennial Census[19]
1790–1960[20] 1900–1990[21]
1990–2000[22] 2010[23] 2020[24]

2020 census

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Mendocino County, California – Racial and ethnic composition
Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.
Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) Pop 2000[25] Pop 2010[23] Pop 2020[24] % 2000 % 2010 % 2020
White alone (NH) 64,581 60,249 56,205 74.86% 68.59% 61.36%
Black or African American alone (NH) 471 544 607 0.55% 0.62% 0.66%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) 3,438 3,486 3,528 3.99% 3.97% 3.85%
Asian alone (NH) 1,006 1,402 1,730 1.17% 1.60% 1.89%
Pacific Islander alone (NH) 107 92 110 0.12% 0.10% 0.12%
Other Race alone (NH) 152 131 592 0.18% 0.15% 0.65%
Mixed Race or Multi-Racial (NH) 2,297 2,432 4,896 2.66% 2.77% 5.34%
Hispanic or Latino (any race) 14,213 19,505 23,933 16.48% 22.20% 26.13%
Total 86,265 87,841 91,601 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%

2011

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Places by population, race, and income

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2010 Census

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The 2010 United States Census reported that Mendocino County had a population of 87,841. The racial makeup of Mendocino County was 67,218 (76.5%) White, 622 (0.7%) African American, 4,277 (4.9%) Native American, 1,450 (1.7%) Asian, 119 (0.1%) Pacific Islander, 10,185 (11.6%) from other races, and 3,970 (4.5%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 19,505 persons (22.2%).[33]

2000

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As of the census[34] of 2000, there were 86,265 people, 33,266 households, and 21,855 families residing in the county. The population density was 25 people per square mile (9.7 people/km2). There were 36,937 housing units at an average density of 10 units per square mile (3.9 units/km2). The racial makeup of the county was 80.8% White, 0.6% Black or African American, 4.8% Native American, 1.2% Asian, 0.2% Pacific Islander, 8.6% from other races, and 3.9% from two or more races. 16.5% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 12.2% were of German, 10.8% English, 8.6% Irish, 6.1% Italian and 5.6% American ancestry according to Census 2000. 84.4% spoke English and 13.2% Spanish as their first language.

There were 33,266 households, out of which 31.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.9% were married couples living together, 11.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.3% were non-families. 27.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.53 and the average family size was 3.04.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 25.5% under the age of 18, 8.1% from 18 to 24, 25.6% from 25 to 44, 27.1% from 45 to 64, and 13.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females there were 98.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.1 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $35,996, and the median income for a family was $42,168. Males had a median income of $33,128 versus $23,774 for females. The per capita income for the county was $19,443. About 10.9% of families and 15.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 21.5% of those under age 18 and 7.7% of those age 65 or over.

Government

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As of 2023, the District Attorney of Mendocino County is C. David Eyster,[35] the elected Sheriff-Coroner is Matthew C. Kendall [36] and the chief executive officer is Darcie Antle.[37]

Mendocino County is legislatively governed by a board of five supervisors, each with a separate district.[38] The first district is represented by Glenn McGourty,[39] and serves the central-eastern region of the county, including Potter Valley, Redwood Valley, Calpella, and Talmage. The second district, represented by Maureen Mulheren,[39] serves Ukiah. The third district, in the northeastern quadrant of the county from Willits north to Laytonville and Covelo, is represented by John Haschak.[40] The fourth district covers the northwestern quadrant of the county, including the coast from Caspar northwards through Fort Bragg; its supervisor is Dan Gjerde,[39] who previously served on the Fort Bragg City Council. The supervisor for the fifth district is Ted Williams;[40] his district covers the southern portion of the county, including the coast from Mendocino to Gualala, the Anderson Valley, the western outskirts of Ukiah, and portions of the Russian River valley near Hopland.

Politics

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Voter registration statistics

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Cities by population and voter registration

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Overview

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Mendocino is a strongly Democratic county in presidential and congressional elections.[42] The last Republican to win a majority in the county was Californian Ronald Reagan in 1984. However, in the 2016 election, Mendocino County gave Hillary Clinton a reduced margin of victory of any Democrat since Al Gore (though support for third-party candidates more than doubled from 2012). In 2020 the county was won by Joe Biden with an increased margin of victory from the previous election.

United States presidential election results for Mendocino County, California[43][44]
Year Republican Democratic Third party(ies)
No.  % No.  % No.  %
2020 13,267 30.61% 28,782 66.41% 1,291 2.98%
2016 10,888 28.72% 22,079 58.23% 4,948 13.05%
2012 9,658 27.49% 23,193 66.01% 2,286 6.51%
2008 10,721 26.68% 27,843 69.29% 1,620 4.03%
2004 12,955 33.71% 24,385 63.45% 1,089 2.83%
2000 12,272 35.66% 16,634 48.34% 5,504 16.00%
1996 9,765 29.87% 14,952 45.74% 7,975 24.39%
1992 7,958 21.78% 18,344 50.21% 10,236 28.01%
1988 12,979 41.94% 17,152 55.42% 816 2.64%
1984 16,369 52.09% 14,407 45.85% 646 2.06%
1980 12,432 44.05% 10,784 38.21% 5,008 17.74%
1976 9,784 45.49% 10,653 49.53% 1,072 4.98%
1972 11,128 51.01% 9,435 43.25% 1,251 5.73%
1968 8,305 46.39% 7,935 44.32% 1,664 9.29%
1964 6,322 34.68% 11,869 65.12% 36 0.20%
1960 9,301 49.29% 9,476 50.21% 94 0.50%
1956 10,327 56.94% 7,767 42.82% 43 0.24%
1952 10,897 60.87% 6,813 38.06% 191 1.07%
1948 6,368 50.53% 5,553 44.06% 682 5.41%
1944 4,655 45.89% 5,452 53.75% 36 0.35%
1940 5,345 42.53% 7,055 56.13% 169 1.34%
1936 3,670 35.75% 6,432 62.65% 164 1.60%
1932 3,365 35.23% 5,867 61.43% 319 3.34%
1928 4,810 63.39% 2,628 34.63% 150 1.98%
1924 3,465 56.46% 739 12.04% 1,933 31.50%
1920 4,443 65.83% 1,789 26.51% 517 7.66%
1916 3,494 46.79% 3,371 45.14% 603 8.07%
1912 11 0.19% 2,507 44.39% 3,130 55.42%
1908 2,746 55.56% 1,752 35.45% 444 8.98%
1904 2,904 61.55% 1,489 31.56% 325 6.89%
1900 2,192 53.15% 1,861 45.13% 71 1.72%
1896 2,093 48.92% 2,120 49.56% 65 1.52%
1892 1,709 41.87% 2,023 49.56% 350 8.57%
1888 1,708 44.75% 2,005 52.53% 104 2.72%
1884 1,317 43.71% 1,589 52.74% 107 3.55%
1880 969 42.31% 1,313 57.34% 8 0.35%

Federally, Mendocino County is in California's 2nd congressional district, represented by Democrat Jared Huffman.[45]

In the state legislature Mendocino is in the 2nd Senate District, represented by Democrat Mike McGuire,[46] and the 2nd Assembly District, represented by Democrat Jim Wood.[47]

As of February 2021, the California Secretary of State reports that Mendocino County has 54,505 registered voters. Of those, 26,648 (48.9%) are registered Democratic; 11,387 (20.9%) are registered Republican; 4,389 (8.1%) are registered with other political parties, and 12,082 (22.1%) declined to state a political party.

In 2000, Mendocino County voters approved Measure G, which calls for the decriminalization of marijuana when used and cultivated for personal use.[48] Measure G passed with a 58% majority vote, making it the first county in the United States to declare prosecution of small-scale marijuana offenses the "lowest priority" for local law enforcement. Measure G does not protect individuals who cultivate, transport or possess marijuana for sale. However, Measure G was passed at the local government level affecting only Mendocino County, and therefore does not affect existing state or federal laws. The city of Berkeley has had a similar law (known as the Berkeley Marijuana Initiative II) since 1979 which has generally been found to be unenforceable.[49]

In 2008, the Mendocino County Board of Supervisors placed Measure B on the June 3 county-wide ballot. After three months of hard-fought campaigning and national attention, voters narrowly approved "B", which repealed the provisions of 2000's Measure G.[50][51] However, opponents of Measure B intend to continue the challenge in court, as the wording of Measure B relies heavily on S.B. 420's state limitations which were recently ruled unconstitutional by the California supreme court. On July 3, the Sheriff and District Attorneys offices announced that they would not be enforcing the new regulations for the time being, citing pending legal challenges and conflicts with existing state law.[52]

In April 2009, Sheriff Tom Allman issued his department's medical marijuana enforcement policy, which includes the provisions of Measure B and also cites the California Supreme Court Ruling narrowly defining "caregiver" in the state's medical marijuana law.[53]

In 2004, Measure H was passed in Mendocino County with a 56% majority, making it the first county in the United States to ban the production and cultivation of genetically modified organisms.[54]

On November 4, 2008, Mendocino County voted 63.1% against Proposition 8 which amended the California Constitution to define marriage as a union between one man and one woman.[55]

Crime

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The following table includes the number of incidents reported and the rate per 1,000 persons for each type of offense.

Cities by population and crime rates

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A coroner's jury ruled that the 2018 Hart family crash in Mendocino County was deliberate.[59]

Media

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Mendocino County is considered part of the San Francisco Bay Area television market, and primarily receives the major Bay Area TV stations.

The county is also served by local and regional newspapers as well as a community radio stations. Community radio stations include KZYX, operating out of Philo, and KLLG, operating out of the Little Lake Grange in Willits. The Humboldt County-based KMUD is also receivable in large parts of the county. Local independent newspapers include the online news service The Mendocino Voice,[60] and The Laytonville Observer, the Anderson Valley Advertiser,[61] the Willits Weekly[62] and the Independent Coast Observer. Four formerly independent newspapers are now owned by the national conglomerate media company Digital First Media, they are: The Ukiah Daily Journal, The Mendocino Beacon, the Willits News, and The Fort Bragg Advocate. These four papers have seen a precipitous decline in the size of editorial staff and in coverage over the past several years, in keeping with the nationwide tactics of DFM.[63] The Sonoma County-based Press Democrat also covers the area.

Education

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Community colleges

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Universities

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K-12 education

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See also: List of school districts in California § Mendocino_County

School districts include:[64]

Unified:

Secondary:

Elementary:

Transportation

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US 101 in Mendocino County

Major highways

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Public transportation

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Bus

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The Mendocino Transit Authority provides local and intercity bus service within Mendocino County. Limited service also connects with transit in Sonoma County. Greyhound Bus Lines currently serves Ukiah.

Amtrak Thruway operates connecting bus service to Ukiah, Willits and Laytonville.[65]

The historic Skunk Train is a heritage railway (that formerly connected Fort Bragg, California with Willits) using steam locomotives.

Airports

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For commercial service, passengers in Mendocino County need to go to Eureka, one county to the north in Humboldt County, or to Sonoma County Airport in Santa Rosa, Sonoma County, one county to the south. More comprehensive service is available from Sacramento to the east or San Francisco, well to the south.

Emergency services for the largely unincorporated county are coordinated through Howard Forest Station, a local Cal Fire station just south of Willits.

Communities

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Ecological staircase trail in Jug Handle State Nature Reserve
 
Islands off the Mendocino coast
 
Mendocino Grove

Cities

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Census-designated places

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Unincorporated communities

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Indian reservations

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Mendocino County has nine Indian reservations lying within its borders, the fourth most of any county in the United States (after San Diego County, California; Sandoval County, New Mexico; and Riverside County, California).

Population ranking

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The population ranking of the following table is based on the 2010 census of Mendocino County.[66]

† county seat

Rank City/Town/etc. Municipal type Population (2010 Census)
1 † Ukiah City 16,075
2 Fort Bragg City 7,273
3 Willits City 4,888
4 Brooktrails CDP 3,235
5 Redwood Valley CDP 1,729
6 Covelo CDP 1,255
7 Laytonville CDP 1,227
8 Talmage CDP 1,130
9 Boonville CDP 1,035
10 Mendocino CDP 894
11 Hopland CDP 756
12 Calpella CDP 679
13 Potter Valley CDP 646
14 Cleone CDP 618
15 Caspar CDP 509
16 Point Arena City 449
17 Round Valley Reservation[67] (partially in Trinity County) AIAN 401
18 Philo CDP 349
19 Anchor Bay CDP 340
20 Redwood Valley Rancheria[68] AIAN 238
t-21 Laytonville Rancheria[69] AIAN 212
t-21 Manchester-Point Arena Rancheria[70] AIAN 212
22 Manchester CDP 195
t-23 Albion CDP 168
t-23 Sherwood Valley Rancheria[71] AIAN 168
24 Comptche CDP 159
25 Coyote Valley Reservation[72] AIAN 144
26 Pinoleville Rancheria[73] AIAN 129
27 Leggett CDP 122
28 Little River CDP 117
29 Guidiville Rancheria[74] AIAN 52
30 Hopland Rancheria (Pomo Indians)[75] AIAN 38
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"Mendocino" by The Sir Douglas Quintet was released in December 1968 and reached No. 27 in the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 by early 1969, spending 15 weeks in the chart.

Kate McGarrigle's song "(Talk to Me of) Mendocino," is one of the songs on the McGarrigles' 1975 debut album; it has been covered by Linda Ronstadt on her 1982 album Get Closer, and by the English singer-songwriter John Howard on his 2007 E.P., and also by Bette Midler on her 2014 album It's The Girls.

A song written by Matt Serletic and Bernie Taupin, "Mendocino County Line" which was released in 2002, is about a love that could not last and cites the 'Mendocino County Line' in the chorus.

Many films and movies have been filmed in and around Mendocino County, including Dying Young, The Russians Are Coming; Overboard; The Dunwich Horror; The Karate Kid Part III; Dead & Buried; Forever Young; Same Time Next Year; Racing with the Moon; Pontiac Moon; and The Majestic.

See also

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Explanatory notes

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  1. ^ Other = Some other race + Two or more races
  2. ^ Native American = Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander + American Indian or Alaska Native
  3. ^ a b Percentage of registered voters with respect to total population. Percentages of party members with respect to registered voters follow.

References

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  1. ^ "Chronology". California State Association of Counties. Archived from the original on February 6, 2015. Retrieved February 6, 2015.
  2. ^ "Board of Supervisors | Mendocino County, CA".
  3. ^ "Anthony Peak". Peakbagger.com. Archived from the original on May 2, 2015. Retrieved March 26, 2015.
  4. ^ "QuickFacts - Mendocino County, California". United States Census Bureau.
  5. ^ "Gross Domestic Product: All Industries in Mendocino County, CA". Federal Reserve Economic Data. Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis.
  6. ^ Sanchez, Nellie Van de Grift (August 11, 1914). Spanish and Indian Place Names of California: Their Meaning and Their Romance. A.M. Robertson. ISBN 9781404750845 – via Google Books.
  7. ^ "Mendocino County, California". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 30, 2022.
  8. ^ "NACo County Explorer – Mendocino County, California". National Association of Counties. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  9. ^ "Northern California coastal forests | Ecoregions". World Wildlife Fund. Archived from the original on August 22, 2019. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  10. ^ Regan, Trish (January 23, 2009). Marijuana Inc., Inside America's Pot Industry (televised documentary). Mendocino County, California, USA: CNBC, Incorporated. Retrieved March 15, 2009.
  11. ^ a b c "History of Mendocino County". County of Mendocino. Retrieved August 3, 2013.
  12. ^ "The Creation of Our 58 Counties". California State Association of Counties. May 26, 2015. Retrieved March 9, 2019.
  13. ^ a b https://archive.org/stream/bub_gb_m8FQAQAAIAAJ/bub_gb_m8FQAQAAIAAJ_djvu.txt Cape Mendocino was named in honor of Antonio de Mendoza, the first Viceroy of New Spain. He was appointed by the emperor, and, arriving in the city of Mexico in 1535, ordered a survey of the coast of California, wherein the cape was discovered. The county was named after the cape. History of Northern California, p. 138.
  14. ^ Aanestad, Christina (September 19, 2007). "Native Americans walk the California Trail of Tears". indybay.org. Retrieved June 5, 2016.
  15. ^ County of Trinity v. County of Mendocino, 151 Cal. 279.
  16. ^ "California Government Code § 23153". California Office of Legislative Counsel. 1947. Retrieved January 11, 2024.
  17. ^ "2010 Census Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. August 22, 2012. Retrieved September 28, 2015.
  18. ^ "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Counties: April 1, 2020 to July 1, 2023". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved March 26, 2024.
  19. ^ "Census of Population and Housing from 1790-2000". US Census Bureau. Retrieved January 24, 2022.
  20. ^ "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved September 28, 2015.
  21. ^ Forstall, Richard L., ed. (March 27, 1995). "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved September 28, 2015.
  22. ^ "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. April 2, 2001. Retrieved September 28, 2015.
  23. ^ a b "P2 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Mendocino County, California". United States Census Bureau.
  24. ^ a b "P2 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Mendocino County, California". United States Census Bureau.
  25. ^ "P004: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2000: DEC Summary File 1 – Mendocino County, California". United States Census Bureau.
  26. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Table B02001. U.S. Census website. Retrieved October 26, 2013.
  27. ^ a b U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Table B03003. U.S. Census website. Retrieved October 26, 2013.
  28. ^ a b U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Table B19301. U.S. Census website. Retrieved October 21, 2013.
  29. ^ a b U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Table B19013. U.S. Census website. Retrieved October 21, 2013.
  30. ^ a b U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Table B19113. U.S. Census website. Retrieved October 21, 2013.
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Further reading

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