Wikipedia

Visa requirements for Swiss citizens

Visa requirements for Swiss citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of Switzerland.

A Swiss passport

As of July 2024, Swiss citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 190 countries and territories, ranking the Swiss passport 4th, tied with passport from Belgium, Denmark, New Zealand, Norway and United Kingdom in the world according to the Henley Passport Index.[1]

As a member state of the European Free Trade Association (EFTA), Swiss citizens enjoy freedom of movement to live and work in Iceland, Norway and Liechtenstein in accordance with the EFTA convention.[2] Moreover, by virtue of Switzerland's bilateral agreements with the EU, Swiss citizens also have freedom of movement in all EU member states.[3][4] All EFTA and EU citizens are not only visa-exempt but are legally entitled to enter and reside in each other's countries.

In order to travel to another country, a Swiss citizen requires a passport, except travel to EFTA[5] and EU[3] countries, European microstates, Greenland (de facto), and Turkey, where the Swiss identity card is valid.

Visa requirements map

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Visa requirements for Swiss citizens holding ordinary passports
  Switzerland
  Freedom of movement
  Visa not required / ESTA / eTA / eVisitor
  Visa issued upon arrival
  eVisa
  Visa available both on arrival or online
  Visa required

Visa requirements

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Country Visa requirement Allowed stay Notes (excluding departure fees)
  Afghanistan Visa required[6]
  Albania Visa not required[7] 90 days
  Algeria Visa required[8]
  Andorra Visa not required[9]
  Angola Visa not required[10] 30 days
  • Maximum 3 entries per calendar year
  • 30 days per trip, but no more than 90 days within any 1 calendar year for tourism purposes only.[11]
  • Visitors must have a return/onward ticket and a hotel reservation confirmation.[12]
  • An International Certificate of Vaccination is required.
  Antigua and Barbuda Visa not required[13] 3 months
  Argentina Visa not required[14] 90 days
  Armenia Visa not required[15] 180 days
  • 180 days per calendar year.
  Australia eVisitor[16] 90 days
  • 90 days on each visit in a 12-month period if granted.
  Austria Visa not required[17]
  • Freedom of movement.
  • ID card valid.
  Azerbaijan eVisa[18][19] 30 days
  Bahamas Visa not required[20] 8 months
  Bahrain eVisa / Visa on arrival[21] 14 days
  Bangladesh Visa on arrival[22] 30 days
  Barbados Visa not required[23] 90 days
  Belarus Visa not required[24] 30 days
  Belgium Visa not required[25]
  • Freedom of movement.
  • ID card valid.
  Belize Visa not required[26]
  Benin eVisa[27][28] 30 days
  • Must have an international vaccination certificate.
  Bhutan eVisa[29][30]
  Bolivia Visa not required[31] 90 days
  Bosnia and Herzegovina Visa not required[32] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 6-month period.
  • ID card valid.
  Botswana Visa not required[33] 90 days
  Brazil Visa not required[34] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period.
  Brunei Visa not required[35] 90 days
  Bulgaria Visa not required[36]
  • Freedom of movement.
  • ID card valid.
  Burkina Faso eVisa / Visa on arrival[37][38] 1 month
  Burundi Visa on arrival[39] 1 month
  Cambodia eVisa / Visa on arrival[40][41] 30 days
  Cameroon eVisa[42][43]
  Canada Electronic Travel Authority[44] 6 months
  • eTA required if arriving by air[45]
  Cape Verde Visa not required[46] 30 days
  Central African Republic Visa required[47]
  Chad Visa required[48]
  Chile Visa not required[49] 90 days
  China Visa not required[50] 30 days
  Colombia Visa not required[54] 90 days
  • 90 days - extendable up to 180-days stay within a one-year period.
  Comoros Visa on arrival[55] 45 days
  Republic of the Congo Visa required[56]
  Democratic Republic of the Congo eVisa[57][58] 7 days
  Costa Rica Visa not required[59] 90 days
  Côte d'Ivoire eVisa[60][61] 3 months
  Croatia Visa not required[62]
  Cuba eVisa[63][64] 90 days
  • Can be extended up to 90 days with a fee.
  Cyprus Visa not required[65]
  Czech Republic Visa not required[66]
  Denmark Visa not required[67]
  • Freedom of movement (DK)
  • ID card valid
  Djibouti eVisa[68][69] 90 days
  Dominica Visa not required[70] 6 months
  Dominican Republic Visa not required[71] 30 days
  • Can be extended up to 120 days with fee
  Ecuador Visa not required[72] 90 days
  Egypt eVisa / Visa on arrival[73][74] 30 days
  El Salvador Visa not required[75] 90 days
  Equatorial Guinea eVisa[76][77]
  Eritrea Visa required[78]
  Estonia Visa not required[79]
  Eswatini Visa not required[80] 30 days
  Ethiopia eVisa / Visa on arrival[81] up to 90 days
  Fiji Visa not required[84] 4 months
  Finland Visa not required[85]
  France Visa not required[86]
  Gabon eVisa[87][88] 90 days
  Gambia Visa not required[89] 90 days
  Georgia Visa not required[90] 1 year
  Germany Visa not required[90]
  Ghana Visa required[91]
  Greece Visa not required[92]
  Grenada Visa not required[93] 3 months
  Guatemala Visa not required[94] 90 days
  Guinea eVisa[95][96] 90 days
  Guinea-Bissau Visa on arrival[97] 90 days
  Guyana Visa not required[98] 90 days
  Haiti Visa not required[99] 90 days
  Honduras Visa not required[100] 90 days
  Hungary Visa not required[101]
  Iceland Visa not required[102]
  India eVisa[103] 30 days
  • e-Visa holders must arrive via 31 designated airports[Note 2] or 5 designated seaports.[Note 3][104]
  • An Indian e-Tourist Visa may only be obtained twice within 1 calendar year.[citation needed]
  • Foreigners of Pakistani origin or who hold a Pakistani Passport are not eligible for an e-Visa. Foreigners who are not Pakistani nationals, but whose parents or grandparents (either paternal or maternal) were born in, or were permanent residents in Pakistan, are also not eligible for an e-Visa.[105]
  Indonesia e-VOA / Visa on arrival[106] 30 days[107]
  Iran eVisa[108] 30 days[109]
  Iraq eVisa / Visa on arrival[110][111] 60 days
  Ireland Visa not required[112]
  Israel Visa not required[113] 90 days
  Italy Visa not required[114]
  Jamaica Visa not required[115] 90 days
  Japan Visa not required[116] 90 days
  Jordan eVisa / Visa on arrival[117][118] 30 days
  • Visa can be obtained upon arrival, it will cost a total of 40 JOD, obtainable at most international ports of entry and land border crossings (except King Hussein/Allenby Bridge).
  Kazakhstan Visa not required[119] 30 days
  Kenya Electronic Travel Authorisation[120][121] 90 days
  • Applications can be submitted up to 90 days prior to travel and must be submitted at least 3 days in advance.
  • eTA fee is USD 32.50.
  • Proof of reservation at the hotel where visitors plan to stay is required (if staying with friends, an invitation letter is also acceptable).
  • Yellow fever vaccination certificate is required if coming from endemic countries.
  Kiribati Visa not required[122] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 12 months period.
  North Korea Visa required[123]
  South Korea Electronical Travel Authorization[124][125] 90 days
  • The validity period of a K-ETA is 3 years from the date of approval.[126]
  Kuwait eVisa / Visa on arrival[127][128] 3 months
  Kyrgyzstan Visa not required[129] 60 days
  Laos Visa not required[130] 15 days
  Latvia Visa not required[131]
  • Freedom of movement.
  • ID card valid.
  Lebanon Free visa on arrival[132] 1 month
  • Visa extendable for 2 additional months issued upon arrival
  • Granted free of charge at Beirut International Airport or any other port of entry if there is no Israeli visa or seal, holding a telephone number, an address in Lebanon, and a non refundable return or circle trip ticket.
  Lesotho Visa not required[133] 14 days
  • 44 days eVisa also available.[134]
  Liberia Visa required[135]
  Libya eVisa[136][137] 30 days
  Liechtenstein Visa not required[138]
  • Freedom of movement.[2]
  • ID card valid.
  • In addition, Swiss citizens don't have to register, as they have the right to work.
  Lithuania Visa not required[139]
  • Freedom of movement.
  • ID card valid.
  Luxembourg Visa not required[140]
  • Freedom of movement.
  • ID card valid.
  Madagascar Visa on arrival[141] 60 days
  Malawi eVisa / Visa on arrival[142][143] 30 days
  • Can be extended up to 90 days
  Malaysia Visa not required[144] 3 months
  Maldives Free visa on arrival[145] 30 days
  Mali Visa required[146]
  Malta Visa not required[147]
  • Freedom of movement.
  • ID card valid.
  Marshall Islands Visa on arrival[148][149] 90 days
  Mauritania Visa on arrival[150]
  Mauritius Visa not required[151] 180 days
  • 180 days per calendar year for tourism, 120 days per calendar year for business
  Mexico Visa not required[152] 180 days
  Micronesia Visa not required[153] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period.
  Moldova Visa not required[154] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180 day period
  • ID card valid.
  Monaco Visa not required[155]
  Mongolia Visa not required[156] 30 days
  • The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Mongolia has exempted visas for 34 countries from January 2023 to December 2025.
  Montenegro Visa not required[157] 90 days
  Morocco Visa not required[158] 90 days
  Mozambique Visa on arrival / eVisa[159][160] 30 days
  • Travelers must register on the e-Visa platform at least 48 hours prior to travel and pay a processing fee of 650 MT.
  Myanmar eVisa / Free visa on arrival[161][162] 28 days
  Namibia Visa not required[163] 3 months
  • 3 months within a calendar year.
  Nauru Visa required[164]
    Nepal Online Visa / Visa on arrival[165] 90 days[166]
  Netherlands Visa not required[167]
  New Zealand Electronic Travel Authority[168] 3 months
  • International Visitor Conservation and Tourism Levy must be paid upon requesting an Electronic Travel Authority.[169]
  • Holders of an Australian Permanent Resident Visa or Resident Return Visa may be granted a New Zealand Resident Visa on arrival permitting indefinite stay (pursuant to the Trans-Tasman Travel Arrangement), subject to meeting character requirements and obtaining an Electronic Travel Authority prior to departure.[170] Such travellers are not required to pay the International Visitor Conservation and Tourism Levy.[169]
  Nicaragua Visa not required[171] 90 days
  Niger Visa required[172]
  Nigeria eVisa[173][174] 90 days
  North Macedonia Visa not required[175] 90 days
  Norway Visa not required[176]
  Oman Visa not required / eVisa[177][178] 14 days / 30 days
  Pakistan eVisa[179] 90 days
  • Issued free of charge as of August 2024.
  Palau Visa not required[180] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180 day period.
  Panama Visa not required[181] 90 days
  Papua New Guinea Easy Visitor Permit[182][183] 60 days
  Paraguay Visa not required[184] 90 days
  Peru Visa not required[185] 90 days
  Philippines Visa not required[186] 30 days
  Poland Visa not required[187]
  Portugal Visa not required[188]
  Qatar Visa not required[189] 90 days
  Romania Visa not required[190]
  Russia eVisa[191][192] 16 days
  Rwanda Visa not required[193] 30 days
  Saint Kitts and Nevis Visa not required[194] 3 months
  Saint Lucia Visa not required[195] 90 days
  • 90 days within 180 days period
  Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Visa not required[196] 6 months
  Samoa Visa not required[197] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180 day period.
  San Marino Visa not required[198]
  São Tomé and Príncipe Visa not required[199] 15 days[200]
  Saudi Arabia eVisa / Visa on arrival[201][202] 90 days
  Senegal Visa not required[203] 90 days
  Serbia Visa not required[204] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 6-month period.
  • ID card valid.
  Seychelles Visa not required[205][206] 90 days[207]
  Sierra Leone eVisa / Visa on arrival[208][209] 1 month
  Singapore Visa not required[210] 90 days
  Slovakia Visa not required[211]
  • Freedom of movement.
  • ID card valid.
  Slovenia Visa not required[212]
  • Freedom of movement.
  • ID card valid.
  Solomon Islands Visa not required[213] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period.
  Somalia Visa on arrival[214]
  South Africa Visa not required[215] 90 days
  South Sudan eVisa[216][217]
  • Obtainable online.
  • Printed visa authorization must be presented at the time of travel.
  Spain Visa not required[218]
  • Freedom of movement.
  • ID card valid.
  Sri Lanka eVisa / Visa on arrival[219][220] 60 days / 30 days
  • The standard visitor visa allows a stay of 60 days within any 6-month period.[221]
  • Visa fees (for Standard visitor visa):
  • e-Visa categories will be charged an additional USD 18.50 service fee.
  • If transiting from any of the Sri Lankan airports, An e-Visa is exempted (2 day transit period).
  Sudan Visa required[222]
  Suriname Visa not required[223][224] 90 days
  • An entrance fee of USD 25 or EUR 25 must be paid online prior to arrival.[225]
  • Multiple entry e-Visa is also available.[226]
  Sweden Visa not required[227]
  • Freedom of movement.
  • ID card valid.
  Syria eVisa[228]
  Taiwan Visa not required[229] 3 months
  Tajikistan Visa not required[230] 30 days
  • 60 days eVisa also available. eVisa holders can enter through all border points.[231]
  Tanzania eVisa / Visa on arrival[232][233] 90 days
  Thailand Visa not required[234] 60 days
  Timor-Leste Visa not required[235] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period.
  Togo eVisa[236][237] 15 days
  Tonga Visa not required[238][239] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period.
  Trinidad and Tobago Visa not required[240] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period.
  Tunisia Visa not required[241] 3 months
  Turkey Visa not required[242] 3 months
  Turkmenistan Visa required[243]
  Tuvalu Visa not required[244] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period.
  Uganda eVisa[245][246] 3 months
  Ukraine Visa not required[247] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period.
  United Arab Emirates Visa not required[248] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period[249]
  United Kingdom Visa not required[250] 6 months
  United States Visa Waiver Program[252][253] 90 days
  • ESTA is valid for 2 years from the date of issuance.[254]
  • ESTA is also required when entering the country by cruise ship or land.[255]
  • Visa required for nationals of VWP countries who have travelled or been present in Iraq, North Korea, Syria, Iran, Sudan, Libya, Somalia, or Yemen at any time on or after 1 March 2011 (with limited exceptions), or those who have travelled or being present in Cuba at any time on or after 12 January 2021, or nationals of VWP countries who are also nationals of Iraq, Syria, Iran, North Korea or Sudan.
  Uruguay Visa not required[256] 90 days
  Uzbekistan Visa not required[257] 30 days
  Vanuatu Visa not required[258] 30 days
  Vatican City Visa not required[259]
  Venezuela Visa not required[260] 90 days
  Vietnam eVisa[261][262] 90 days
  Yemen Visa required[263]
  Zambia eVisa / Visa on arrival[264] 90 days
  • Also eligible for a universal visa allowing access to Zimbabwe.
  Zimbabwe Visa on arrival[265] 30 days
  • Also eligible for a universal visa allowing access to Zambia.

Unrecognized or partially recognized countries

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Countries Conditions of access Notes
  Abkhazia Visa required[266]
  Kosovo Visa not required[267] 90 days
  Northern Cyprus Visa not required[268] 90 days
  Palestine Visa not required[269] Access to Gaza Strip severely restricted.
  Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic Undefined visa regime in the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
  South Ossetia Visa not required[270] Must notify about arrival in advance.
  Taiwan Visa not required[229]
  Transnistria Visa not required[271] 45 days

Dependent and autonomous territories

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Countries Conditions of access Notes
United Kingdom
  Anguilla Visa not required[272] 3 months
  Bermuda Visa not required[273] 6 months
  British Virgin Islands Visa not required[274] 1 month
  Cayman Islands Visa not required[275] 6 months
  Falkland Islands Visa not required[276]
  Gibraltar Visa not required[277] 6 months
  Guernsey Visa not required[278] 6 months
  Isle of Man Visa not required[279] 6 months
  Jersey Visa not required[280] 6 months
  Montserrat Visa not required[281] 6 months
  Turks and Caicos Islands Visa not required 90 days
  Saint Helena Visa not required[282] 183 days
China
  Hong Kong Visa not required 90 days[283]
  Macau Visa not required 90 days[284]
Denmark
  Faroe Islands Visa not required[285] 90 days
  Greenland Visa not required[286] 90 days
Netherlands
  Aruba Visa not required[287] 90 days
  Caribbean Netherlands Visa not required[288] 90 days; includes Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba
  Curaçao Visa not required[289] 90 days
  Sint Maarten Visa not required[290] 90 days
France
  French Guiana Visa not required[291]
  French Polynesia Visa not required[292]
  French West Indies sort[293] includes overseas departments of Guadeloupe and Martinique and overseas collectivities of Saint Martin and Saint Barthélemy
  Mayotte Visa not required[294]
  New Caledonia Visa not required[295]
  Réunion Visa not required[296]
  Saint Pierre and Miquelon Visa not required[297]
  Wallis and Futuna Visa not required[297]
New Zealand
  Cook Islands Visa not required 31 days[298]
  Niue Visa not required 30 days[299]
  Tokelau Entry permit required[300]
South Korea
Jeju Special Autonomous Province Visa not required[301] 30 days
United States
  American Samoa Visa Waiver Program[302] 90 days
  Guam Visa Waiver Program[303] 90 days
  Northern Mariana Islands Visa Waiver Program[304] 90 days
  U.S. Virgin Islands Visa Waiver Program[305] 90 days
  Puerto Rico Visa Waiver Program[306] 90 days

Consular protection of Swiss citizens abroad

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Diplomatic missions of Switzerland

The Federal Department of Foreign Affairs (FDFA) (German: Eidgenössisches Departement für auswärtige Angelegenheiten EDA, French: Département fédéral des affaires étrangères DFAE, Italian: Dipartimento federale degli affari esteri DFAE, Romansh: Departament federal d’affars exteriurs) regularly publishes travel warnings on its website and allows Swiss citizens to register on the online portal itineris or the mobile app Travel Admin before they travel abroad. Registered persons will receive a message if the situation in their destination country changes for the worse.

Since 1919, Switzerland has also represented Liechtenstein in countries where Liechtenstein does not maintain consular representation. Liechtenstein maintains a very small network of diplomatic missions; four embassies in Central Europe, and one embassy in North America.[307]

See also: List of diplomatic missions of Switzerland

Non-visa restrictions

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This section is transcluded from Non-visa travel restrictions. (edit | history)

Many countries have entry restrictions on foreigners that go beyond the common requirement of having either a valid visa or a visa exemption. Such restrictions may be health related or impose additional documentation requirements on certain classes of people for diplomatic or political purposes.

Blank passport pages

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Many countries require a minimum number of blank pages to be available in the passport being presented, typically one or two pages.[308] Endorsement pages, which often appear after the visa pages, are not counted as being valid or available.

Vaccination

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Main articles: Vaccination requirements for international travel, International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis, and Vaccine passports during the COVID-19 pandemic
 
Cover of the new International Certificate of Vaccination issued by the Bureau of Quarantine in the Philippines since 2021

Many African countries, including Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone and Togo, South Sudan, Uganda, and Zambia, require all incoming passengers older than nine months to one year[309] to have a current International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis, as does the South American territory of French Guiana.[310]

Some other countries require vaccination only if the passenger is coming from an infected area or has visited one recently or has transited for 12 hours in those countries: Algeria, Botswana, Cabo Verde, Chad, Djibouti, Egypt, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Lesotho, Libya, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Seychelles, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tunisia, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe.[311][312]

Passport validity length

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Very few countries, such as Paraguay, just require a valid passport on arrival.

However many countries and groupings now require only an identity card – especially from their neighbours. Other countries may have special bilateral arrangements that depart from the generality of their passport validity length policies to shorten the period of passport validity required for each other's citizens[313][314] or even accept passports that have already expired (but not been cancelled).[315]

Some countries, such as Japan,[316] Ireland and the United Kingdom,[317] require a passport valid throughout the period of the intended stay.

In the absence of specific bilateral agreements, countries requiring passports to be valid for at least 6 more months on arrival include Afghanistan, Algeria, Anguilla, Bahrain,[318] Bhutan, Botswana, British Virgin Islands, Brunei, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Cayman Islands, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Curaçao, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Fiji, Gabon, Guinea Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel,[319] Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Laos, Madagascar, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Mongolia, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Oman, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Peru,[320] Philippines,[321] Qatar, Rwanda, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tokelau, Tonga, Turkey, Tuvalu, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, Vanuatu, Venezuela, and Vietnam.[322]

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 4 months on arrival include Micronesia and Zambia.

Countries requiring passports with a validity of at least 3 months beyond the date of intended departure include Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Honduras, Montenegro, Nauru, Moldova and New Zealand. Similarly, the EEA countries of Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, all European Union countries (except Ireland) together with Switzerland also require 3 months validity beyond the date of the bearer's intended departure unless the bearer is an EEA or Swiss national.

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 3 months on arrival include Albania, North Macedonia, Panama, and Senegal.

Bermuda requires passports to be valid for at least 45 days upon entry.

Countries that require a passport validity of at least one month beyond the date of intended departure include Eritrea, Hong Kong, Lebanon, Macau, the Maldives[323] and South Africa.

Criminal record

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Some countries, including Australia, Canada, Fiji, New Zealand and the United States,[324] routinely deny entry to non-citizens who have a criminal record, while others impose restrictions depending on the type of conviction and the length of the sentence.

Persona non grata

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The government of a country can declare a diplomat persona non grata, banning them from entering the country or expelling them if they have already entered. In non-diplomatic use, the authorities of a country may also declare a foreigner persona non grata permanently or temporarily, usually because of unlawful activity.[325]

Israeli stamps

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Israeli border control Entry Permit (issued as a stand-alone document rather than a stamp affixed in a passport)

Kuwait,[326] Lebanon,[327] Libya,[328] and Yemen[329] do not allow entry to people with passport stamps from Israel or whose passports have either a used or an unused Israeli visa, or where there is evidence of previous travel to Israel such as entry or exit stamps from neighbouring border posts in transit countries such as Jordan and Egypt.

To circumvent this Arab League boycott of Israel, the Israeli immigration services have now mostly ceased to stamp foreign nationals' passports on either entry to or exit from Israel (unless the entry is for some work-related purposes). Since 15 January 2013, Israel no longer stamps foreign passports at Ben Gurion Airport. Passports are still (as of 22 June 2017) stamped at Erez when passing into and out of Gaza.[citation needed]

Iran refuses admission to holders of passports containing an Israeli visa or stamp that is less than 12 months old.

Biometrics

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See also: Countries applying biometrics

Several countries mandate that all travellers, or all foreign travellers, be fingerprinted on arrival and will refuse admission to or even arrest travellers who refuse to comply. In some countries, such as the United States, this may apply even to transit passengers who merely wish to change planes rather than go landside.[330]

Fingerprinting countries/regions include Afghanistan,[331][332] Argentina,[333] Brunei, Cambodia,[334] China,[335] Ethiopia,[336] Ghana, Guinea,[337] India, Japan,[338][339] Kenya (both fingerprints and a photo are taken),[340] Malaysia upon entry and departure,[341] Mongolia, Saudi Arabia,[342] Singapore, South Korea,[343] Taiwan, Thailand,[344] Uganda,[345] the United Arab Emirates and the United States.

Many countries also require a photo be taken of people entering the country. The United States, which does not fully implement exit control formalities at its land frontiers (although long mandated by its own legislation),[346][347][348] intends to implement facial recognition for passengers departing from international airports to identify people who overstay their visa.[349]

Together with fingerprint and face recognition, iris scanning is one of three biometric identification technologies internationally standardised since 2006 by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) for use in e-passports[350] and the United Arab Emirates conducts iris scanning on visitors who need to apply for a visa.[351][352]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Global Passport Ranking".
  2. ^ a b c d "Short Overview of the EFTA Convention". Retrieved 29 November 2017.
  3. ^ a b "EUR-Lex - 22002A0430(01) - EN". Official Journal L 114, 30/04/2002 P. 0006 - 0072. Retrieved 2020-12-19.
  4. ^ Migration, State Secretariat for. "Free Movement of Persons Switzerland - EU/EFTA". www.sem.admin.ch. Retrieved 2020-10-24.
  5. ^ "APPENDIX 1 Movement of persons (Art. 20)" (PDF). ARTICLE 1.
  6. ^ Visa information, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Afghanistan.
  7. ^ Visa regime for foreign citizens, Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs of Albania.
  8. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  9. ^ Travel to Andorra, Ministry of External Affairs of Andorra.
  10. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  11. ^ Angola: Migration Service to Speed Up Visa Exemption Procedure
  12. ^ "Visa and passport". Timatic. International Air Transport Association through Emirates. Retrieved 2 November 2022.
  13. ^ Countries exempt from visa, Department of Immigration of Antigua and Barbuda.
  14. ^ Visa regime, National Directorate of Migrations of Argentina (in Spanish).
  15. ^ Visa, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Armenia.
  16. ^ Visitor visa options, Department of Home Affairs of Australia.
  17. ^ Schengen visa, Federal Ministry for Europe, Integration and Foreign Affairs of Austria.
  18. ^ Countries with visa-free travel regime, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Azerbaijan (in Azerbaijani).
  19. ^ "Azerbaijan eVisa".
  20. ^ eVISA Online Services – Ministry of Foreign Affairs – Bahamas, Government of the Bahamas
  21. ^ Bahrain eVisas, Ministry of Interior of Bahrain.
  22. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  23. ^ Barbados Visa Requirements and Reciprocal Arrangements, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Foreign Trade of Barbados, 1 July 2020.
  24. ^ Visa-free travel, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Belarus.
  25. ^ Visa for Belgium, Federal Public Service Foreign Affairs of Belgium.
  26. ^ Do you need a visa to travel to Belize?, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Foreign Trade & Immigration, Belize, July 2023.
  27. ^ Visa, Emigration and Immigration Directorate of Benin.
  28. ^ "Benin eVisa".
  29. ^ Visa, Tourism Council of Bhutan.
  30. ^ "Bhutan eVisa".
  31. ^ Requirements to enter Bolivia, General Directorate of Migration of Bolivia (in Spanish).
  32. ^ Visas, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
  33. ^ Requirements for visa application, Government of Botswana.
  34. ^ Visas to travel to Brazil, Ministry of External Relations of Brazil (in Portuguese and English).
  35. ^ Country category for visa application, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade of Brunei.
  36. ^ Visa for Bulgaria, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Bulgaria.
  37. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  38. ^ "Burkina Faso eVisa".
  39. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  40. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  41. ^ "Cambodia eVisa".
  42. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  43. ^ "Cameroon eVisa".
  44. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  45. ^ Electronic Travel Authorization (eTA), Government of Canada
  46. ^ "Citizens of 32 European countries exempted from visas for Cape Verde from January 1". December 29, 2018.
  47. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  48. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  49. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  50. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  51. ^ "China extends visa exemption for 12 countries to promote exchanges: spokesperson". gov.cn. May 7, 2024. Retrieved 2024-07-08.
  52. ^ "国家移民管理局推出新政进一步便利外籍人员来华". nia.gov.cn. 2024-01-11.
  53. ^ "144小时过境免签政策解读". nia.gov.cn.
  54. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  55. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  56. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  57. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  58. ^ "DR Congo eVisa".
  59. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  60. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  61. ^ "CI eVisa".
  62. ^ Visa requirements overview, Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs of Croatia.
  63. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  64. ^ "eVisa-Cuba".
  65. ^ Visa policy, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Cyprus.
  66. ^ List of states whose citizens are exempt from visa requirement, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Czech Republic, 13 July 2017.
  67. ^ Countries with a visa requirement and visa-free countries, Danish Immigration Service, 8 December 2017.
  68. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  69. ^ "Djibouti eVisa".
  70. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  71. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  72. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  73. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  74. ^ "Egypt eVisa".
  75. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  76. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  77. ^ "Equatorial Guinea eVisa".
  78. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  79. ^ Who does not need a visa to visit Estonia?, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Estonia, 2 November 2017.
  80. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  81. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  82. ^ "Ethiopia visa on arrival". Main Department for Immigration and Nationality Affairs, Ethiopia. Retrieved 24 November 2018.
  83. ^ "Ethiopia electronic visa". Main Department for Immigration and Nationality Affairs, Ethiopia. Retrieved 24 November 2018.
  84. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  85. ^ Visa requirement and travel documents accepted by Finland, Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland.
  86. ^ Foreign nationals holding ordinary passports exempt from visa requirements, Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs of France, January 2016.
  87. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  88. ^ "Gabon eVisa".
  89. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  90. ^ a b Overview of visa requirements/exemptions for entry into the Federal Republic of Germany, Federal Foreign Office of Germany.
  91. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  92. ^ Countries requiring or not requiring a visa, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Greece, 13 June 2017.
  93. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  94. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  95. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  96. ^ "Guinea eVisa".
  97. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  98. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  99. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  100. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  101. ^ Countries that do not need a visa, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade of Hungary.
  102. ^ Who does not need a visa, Directorate of Immigration of Iceland.
  103. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  104. ^ e-Visa
  105. ^ The note is under Q1(v) in the FAQs
  106. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  107. ^ "Indonesia e-VOA".
  108. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  109. ^ "Iran eVisa".
  110. ^ "Home Page @ eVisa Portal". evisa.iq.
  111. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  112. ^ Countries that need a visa for Ireland, Irish Naturalisation and Immigration Service.
  113. ^ Tourist visa table, Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 23 May 2017.
  114. ^ Visa for Italy, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation of Italy.
  115. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  116. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  117. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  118. ^ "Jordan E-Services".
  119. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  120. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  121. ^ "Kenya eTA".
  122. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  123. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  124. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  125. ^ "K-ETA".
  126. ^ "K-ETA Application Guide".
  127. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  128. ^ "Kuwait eVisa".
  129. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  130. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  131. ^ Countries whose citizens may enter Latvia without a visa, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Latvia, 9 October 2017.
  132. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  133. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  134. ^ "visa lesotho tourism documents travel evisalesotho.com".
  135. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  136. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  137. ^ "Libyan e-Visa Portal".
  138. ^ Visa, Government of Liechtenstein (in German).
  139. ^ Do I need a visa?, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Lithuania, 30 August 2017.
  140. ^ Staying in Luxembourg for less than 90 days, Government of Luxembourg.
  141. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  142. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  143. ^ "Malawi eVisa".
  144. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  145. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  146. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  147. ^ Who requires a visa?, Identity Malta.
  148. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  149. ^ "Summary of countries entitled for visa exemption/waiver or visitor visa on arrival". Republic of the Marshall Islands, Ministry of Justice, Immigration & Labor, Division of Immigration. May 2018. Retrieved 6 January 2019.
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  152. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  153. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  154. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  155. ^ Before you leave, Monaco Government Tourist Office.
  156. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  157. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  158. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  159. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  160. ^ "Mozambique eVisa".
  161. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  162. ^ "Myanmar eVisa".
  163. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  164. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  165. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  166. ^ "Nepal Online Visa".
  167. ^ Short-stay Schengen visa (90 days or less), Government of the Netherlands.
  168. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  169. ^ a b "Paying the International Visitor Conservation and Tourism Levy". immigration.govt.nz. Immigration New Zealand. Retrieved February 1, 2021. Many tourists, people on working holidays, and some students and workers coming to New Zealand must pay an International Visitor Conservation and Tourism Levy (IVL) of NZD $35.
  170. ^ "Information about: Australian Resident Visa". immigration.govt.nz. Immigration New Zealand. Retrieved May 21, 2020. Australian citizens and permanent residents can visit, work and live in New Zealand. You do not need a visa before you travel to New Zealand.
  171. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  172. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  173. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  174. ^ "Nigeria Immigration Services".
  175. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  176. ^ Persons who do not need a visa to visit Norway, Norwegian Directorate of Immigration.
  177. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  178. ^ "Oman eVisa".
  179. ^ "List of Countries for Visa Prior to Arrival".
  180. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  181. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  182. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  183. ^ "PNG Easy Visitor Permit".
  184. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  185. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  186. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  187. ^ Visa-free countries, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Poland.
  188. ^ Third countries whose citizens are required to have a visa, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Portugal.
  189. ^ "Qatar Visas".
  190. ^ Do I need a visa?, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Romania.
  191. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  192. ^ "Russia eVisa".
  193. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  194. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  195. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  196. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  197. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  198. ^ Border formalities, San Marino Tourism Board.
  199. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  200. ^ "Ministério Negócios Estrangeiros, Cooperação e Comunidades São Tomé Príncipe on Facebook". Facebook. Archived from the original on 2022-04-30.[user-generated source]
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  202. ^ "Saudi Arabia eVisa".
  203. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  204. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  205. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  206. ^ "Seychelles Electronic Border System".
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  208. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  209. ^ "Sierra Leone eVisa".
  210. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  211. ^ Consular information and travel visa, Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs of Slovakia.
  212. ^ Visa regimes and visas, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Slovenia.
  213. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  214. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  215. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  216. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  217. ^ "South Sudan eVisa".
  218. ^ Entry requirements, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation of Spain.
  219. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  220. ^ "SL eVisa".
  221. ^ "Information".
  222. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  223. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  224. ^ "Suriname eVisa".
  225. ^ "Entry-fee".
  226. ^ "Suriname eVisa | VFS Global | Official partner of the Government of Suriname".
  227. ^ List of foreign citizens who require visa for entry into Sweden, Government of Sweden.
  228. ^ eVisa Syria
  229. ^ a b Visa, Bureau of Consular Affairs of Taiwan.
  230. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  231. ^ "Tajikistan e-Visa".
  232. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  233. ^ "Tanzania eVisa".
  234. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  235. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  236. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  237. ^ "Togo eVisa".
  238. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  239. ^ "Agreement - Consilium".
  240. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  241. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  242. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  243. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  244. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  245. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  246. ^ "Uganda eVisa".
  247. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  248. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  249. ^ "EU signs visa waiver agreement with the United Arab Emirates - Consilium".
  250. ^ UK visa requirements: list for carriers, Government of the United Kingdom, 2 October 2017.
  251. ^ "Visiting the UK as an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen". 27 May 2022.
  252. ^ Travel without a visa, United States Department of State.
  253. ^ "Official ESTA Application".
  254. ^ "CBP Customer Service". Help.cbp.gov. Retrieved 2022-03-06.
  255. ^ "Entry into the United States by land, sea, or air".
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  258. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  259. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  260. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  261. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  262. ^ "Vietnam eVisa".
  263. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  264. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  265. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  267. ^ "Ballina - Ministry of Foreign Affairs - Republic of Kosovo".
  268. ^ "VISA Regulations | Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus". 4 March 2014.
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  273. ^ Bermuda entry visas, Government of Bermuda.
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  280. ^ "Visa and passport requirements for visitors".
  281. ^ Countries not requiring a visa, Immigration Department of Montserrat.
  282. ^ "Saint Helena eVisa". Saint Helena Government.
  283. ^ Visit visa / entry permit requirements for the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Immigration Department of Hong Kong, April 2017. Electronic Services for Visa Application, Immigration Department of Hong Kong.
  284. ^ Immigration Clearance of Non-residents of Macao, Macao SAR Government Portal.
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  286. ^ "Practical information". Greenland Travel EN.
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  289. ^ Do I need a visa for the Caribbean parts of the Kingdom?, Government of the Netherlands.
  290. ^ Do I need a visa for the Caribbean parts of the Kingdom?, Government of the Netherlands.
  291. ^ Ruling of 26 July 2011 regarding the documents and visas required for the entry of foreigners in the territory of Guadeloupe, French Guiana, Martinique, Réunion and the collectivity of Saint Pierre and Miquelon, Légifrance (in French).
  292. ^ Ruling of 29 December 2011 regarding the documents and visas required for the entry of foreigners in the territory of French Polynesia, Légifrance (in French).
  293. ^ Ruling of 26 July 2011 regarding the documents and visas required for the entry of foreigners in the territory of Guadeloupe, French Guiana, Martinique, Réunion and the collectivity of Saint Pierre and Miquelon, Légifrance (in French).
  294. ^ Ruling of 4 February 2015 regarding the documents and visas required for the entry of foreigners in the territory of Mayotte, Légifrance (in French).
  295. ^ Ruling of 22 July 2011 regarding the documents and visas required for the entry of foreigners in the territory of New Caledonia, Légifrance (in French).
  296. ^ Ruling of 26 July 2011 regarding the documents and visas required for the entry of foreigners in the territory of Guadeloupe, French Guiana, Martinique, Réunion and the collectivity of Saint Pierre and Miquelon, Légifrance (in French).
  297. ^ a b étrangères, Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires. "Requesting a visa". France Diplomacy - Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs.
  298. ^ Visas and immigration, Discover Cook Islands.
  299. ^ Travelling to Niue, Niue Tourism Office.
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  301. ^ "Immigration Clearance for non-Koreans".
  302. ^ General information, American Samoa Visitors Bureau.
  303. ^ Travel without a visa, United States Department of State.
  304. ^ Travel without a visa, United States Department of State.
  305. ^ Travel without a visa, United States Department of State.
  306. ^ Travel without a visa, United States Department of State.
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  308. ^ Baker, Vicky (20 June 2013). "Passport expiry dates and blank pages: what are the rules?". The Guardian. Retrieved 13 January 2024. The number of remaining blank pages a passport should have is also an issue. Some travellers have reported arriving with one or less than one full page left and waiting for hours at immigration, until an official reluctantly grants them entry. The FCO lists no hard and fast rules because, in many cases, there aren't any.
  309. ^ "Yellow Fever". Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC). African Union. Retrieved 23 August 2021. African countries that requires (sic) Yellow Fever vaccination certificate: Countries that require vaccination for all travellers older that 9 months or 1 year: Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameron, Central African Republic, Congo, Côte d'lvoire, DRC, Gabon, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, Niger, Togo.
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  312. ^ Country list - Yellow fever vaccination requirements and recommendations; and malaria situation; and other vaccination requirement
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  315. ^ "Countries whose citizens are allowed to enter Turkey with their expired passports". Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Republic of Turkey. Archived from the original on 8 October 2015. Retrieved 6 July 2018. Countries whose citizens are allowed to enter Turkey with their expired passports: 1. Germany – Passports expired within the last year / ID's expired within the last year, 2. Belgium - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 3. France - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 4. Spain - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 5. Switzerland - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 6. Luxemburg - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 7. Portugal - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 8. Bulgaria – Valid ordinary passport
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  322. ^ Timatic
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  335. ^ "China to Start Fingerprinting Foreign Visitors". Air Canada. 31 Jan 2019. Retrieved 7 July 2018. Effective April 27, 2018, border control authorities at all of China's ports of entry, including its airports, will start collecting the fingerprints of all foreign visitors aged between 14 and 70. Diplomatic passport holders and beneficiaries of reciprocal agreements are exempted..
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  337. ^ "Visa". paf.gov.gn.
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  340. ^ "Immigration & Visas FAQs". Kenya Airports Authority. Retrieved 6 May 2019. Will visitors still have their digital photo and fingerprints taken at the immigration desk on arrival? Yes, the need to have photos and fingerprints taken upon arrival is to authenticate that the person who applied for the Visa is the same person at the port of entry
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  346. ^ Brown, Theresa Cardinal (9 May 2016). "Biometric Entry-Exit Update: CBP Developing Land Border Process". Bipartisan Policy Center. Retrieved 25 April 2019. While a requirement for a biometric entry-exit system has been in law for over a decade, it is not yet a reality. Many reasons for the long gestating development have been documented in BPC's 2014 report Entry-Exit System: Progress, Challenges, and Outlook, including the technological, operational, and cost challenges of creating exit systems and infrastructure where none exist today. However, many critics, especially in Congress, simply accused the Department of Homeland security of dragging its feet... the major operational, logistical, and technical challenge in implementing exit capability at our ports has been the land borders. Unlike airports and seaports, the land border environment is not physically controlled, there is no means to get advance information on who is arriving, and the sheer volume of travel—both vehicular and pedestrian—creates challenges in any system to not further exacerbate delays. While biometric exit for land vehicular traffic is still in the "what if" stage, CBP is moving ahead and piloting systems and technology to use with the large population of pedestrian crossers at the U.S.-Mexico border.
  347. ^ Lipton, Eric (21 May 2013). "U.S. Quietly Monitors Foreigners' Departures at the Canadian Border". The New York Times. Retrieved 25 April 2019. Long demanded by lawmakers in Congress, it is considered a critical step to developing a coherent program to curb illegal immigration, as historically about 30 percent to 40 percent of illegal immigrants in the United States arrived on tourist visas or other legal means and then never left, according to estimates by Homeland Security officials.
  348. ^ Lipton, Eric (15 December 2006). "Administration to Drop Effort to Track if Visitors Leave". The New York Times. Retrieved 25 April 2019. Efforts to determine whether visitors actually leave have faltered. Departure monitoring would help officials hunt for foreigners who have not left, if necessary. Domestic security officials say, however, it would be too expensive to conduct fingerprint or facial recognition scans for land departures.
  349. ^ Campoy, Ana (17 April 2019). "The US wants to scan the faces of all air passengers leaving the country". Quartz. Retrieved 2019-04-24.
  350. ^ "ICAO Document 9303: Machine Readable Travel Documents, Part 9: Deployment of Biometric Identification and Electronic Storage of Data in MRTDs, 7th edition" (PDF). 2015. Retrieved 23 April 2019.
  351. ^ "Iris Scan Implemented at Doha International Airport". Archived from the original on 8 January 2012.
  352. ^ "Iris Scanner Could Replace Emirates ID In UAE". SimplyDXB. 11 June 2017. Retrieved 7 July 2018. The breach of privacy is probably the biggest threat to the biometric technique of iris recognition. Secondly, a device error can false reject or false accept the identity which can also have some heinous consequences. Lastly, the method isn't the most cost-effective one. It is complex and therefore expensive. Furthermore, the maintenance of devices and data can also be relatively burdensome. However, thanks to the oil money and spending ability of Dubai, they are economically equipped to effectively embrace this system.

Notes

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  1. ^ Custom procedure for 24-hour visa-free transit is required in principle, except in Beijing (both Capital and Daxing), Shanghai Pudong, Hangzhou, Xiamen, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Chengdu Tianfu and Xi'an if no leaving of international transit areas.[52]
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