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The following is a list of political parties presently espousing a variety of socialism which have representation in national parliaments, grouped by states in which they operate. The list does not contain parties previously represented in parliaments, nor social democratic parties. 178 socialist, communist and anti-capitalist parties have been elected worldwide to parliament in 83 different recognized and non-recognized states. Of the 83 states listed here, 18 of them are republics ruled by a socialist, communist or anti-capitalist party, five of them are official socialist states ruled by a communist party; four of which espouse Marxism–Leninism (China, Cuba, Laos, and Vietnam) while the fifth (North Korea) espouses Juche.[1]
List
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See also
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edit- ^ Its currently unknown how many seats the South African Communist Party has in the national legislature since its MPs are elected through the African National Congress, a separate political party. In the last election "almost the entire top SACP leadership was absorbed into the government".[18]
References
edit- ^ Kim Jong-un, "Let Us Brilliantly Accomplish the Revolutionary Cause of Juche, Holding the Great Comrade Kim Jong Il in High Esteem as the Eternal General Secretary of Our Party", 6 April 2002.
- ^ Ediciones El País (21 April 2008). "Evo Morales insta a "erradicar el capitalismo" para salvar el planeta". EL PAÍS. Retrieved 24 February 2015.
- ^ "Evo Morales: Ten commandments against capitalism, for life and humanity". Climate & Capitalism. 15 January 2013. Retrieved 24 February 2015.
- ^ "Evo Morales: "Capitalism is the worst enemy of humanity"". Climate & Capitalism. 3 October 2007. Retrieved 24 February 2015.
- ^ a b The first reference is for the lower house, the second for the upper house.
- "October 3, 2010 Chamber of Deputies Election Results – Totals Brazil". electionresources.com. Retrieved 13 January 2012.
- "October 3, 2010 Senate Election Results – Brazil Totals". electionresources.com. Retrieved 13 January 2012.
- Central Committee (8 November 2009). "Socialist Programme for Brazil: Strengthening the Nation is the Way, Socialism is the Way" (in Portuguese). Communist Party of Brazil. Archived from the original on 24 February 2010. Retrieved 14 January 2012.
- "Brazil – Communist Party of Brazil". The World Factbook. Library of Congress. April 1997. Retrieved 14 January 2012.
- ^ "South America: Chile – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 January 2012.
- ^ Nordsieck, Wolfram (2019). "Denmark". Parties and Elections in Europe.
- ^ Nordsieck, Wolfram (2019). "Greece". Parties and Elections in Europe.
- ^ "Acuerdo No. 1319-2011 – Resultados oficiales" (in Spanish). elecciones2011.tse.org.gt. Archived from the original on 30 September 2011. Retrieved 13 January 2012.
- ^ The first two references are about seats in parliament.
- "12 – Performance of National Parties". Election Commission of India. Archived from the original on 2014-12-18. Retrieved 2014-06-13.
- "13 – Performance of State Parties" (PDF). Election Commission of India. Retrieved 13 January 2012.
- ^ "Middle East: Israel – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 January 2012.
- ^ "Parties and Elections in Europe - Italy". Retrieved 8 February 2017.
- ^ "East & Southeast Asia: Japan – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 January 2012.
- ^ "Central America and Caribbean: Nicaragua – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 January 2012.
- ^ "Democratic People's Republic of Korea". Inter-Parliamentary Union. Retrieved 13 January 2012.
- ^ *17th Congress of the Portuguese Communist Party (17 March 2010). "Estatutos do PCP" [Statute of the PCP] (in Portuguese). Portuguese Communist Party. Retrieved 15 January 2012.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)- National Board (17 March 2010). "Estatutos" [Statute] (in Portuguese). Left Bloc. Retrieved 15 January 2012.
- "Europe: Portugal – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 January 2012.
- ^ "About us". Archived from the original on 2014-05-08.
- ^ Matuma Letsoalo (15 May 2014). "Parliamentary payoff for pro-Zuma Cosatu officials". The M&G Online. Retrieved 24 February 2015.
- ^ "Central Asia: Tajikistan – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 January 2012.