The following is a list of populist parties, leaders and movements.
Africa
editBurundi
editCameroon
editEgypt
editEquatorial Guinea
editGabon
editThe Gambia
editKenya
editLiberia
editLibya
editRwanda
editSouth Africa
editSudan
editTanzania
editTunisia
editUganda
editZambia
editZimbabwe
editAmericas
editArgentina
edit- Carlos Menem (1989-1999)[9]
- Néstor Kirchner (2003-2010)[9]
- Cristina Fernández de Kirchner (2007–2015)[9]
- Javier Milei (2023-present)[14][15]
Bolivia
edit- Evo Morales (2006-2019)[9]
Brazil
edit- Fernando Collor de Mello (1990-1992)[9]
- Getúlio Vargas (1930-1945)
- Lula da Silva (2003-2011, 2023-present)
- Jair Bolsonaro (2018-present)
Canada
edit- Preston Manning (1997-2000)[16]
- Niki Ashton (2008–present)[17]
- Maxime Bernier (2018–present)[18]
- Rob Ford (2000-2016)[19][20]
- Doug Ford (2018–present)[21]
- Danielle Smith (2009-present)[22]
- Kevin O'Leary[23]
Chile
edit- Francisco Javier Errázuriz Talavera[24]
- Joaquín Lavín[25]
- Marco Enríquez-Ominami[26]
- Carlos Bianchi Chelech[27]
- Daniel Jadue[25]
- Franco Parisi[24][28]
- José Antonio Kast[29]
- Pamela Jiles[30]
- Frente Amplio[31][32][33]
- The List of the People[34]
- Party of the People[28]
Colombia
edit- Álvaro Uribe (2002-2010)[35][36]
- Rodolfo Hernández Suárez[37]
Cuba
edit- Fidel Castro (1959-2008)[38]
Ecuador
edit- Abdalá Bucaram (1996-1997)[9]
- Lucio Gutiérrez (2003-2005)[9]
- Rafael Correa (2007-2017)[9]
- Abdalá Bucaram Jr. (2009-2014)[9]
El Salvador
edit- FMLN[39]
- Nuevas Ideas[40]
- Nayib Bukele (2012–present)[41][42]
Guatemala
editHonduras
editMexico
editNicaragua
edit- Daniel Ortega (1979-1990) (2007–present)[44]
Paraguay
edit- Fernando Lugo (2008-2012)[9]
Peru
editUnited States
edit- William Jennings Bryan[48]
- Edwin Edwards (1964-1996)[49]
- Mike Gravel (1969-1981)[50]
- Ronald Reagan (1967-1989)[51][52]
- Ron Paul (1976-1977, 1979–1985, 1997–2018)[53]
- Pat Buchanan (1985-2000)[54]
- David Duke (1989-1992)[55]
- Jesse Jackson (1991-1997)[56]
- Bernie Sanders (1991–present)
- Roy Moore (1992–present)[57]
- Joe Arpaio (1993–2017)[58]
- Reform Party (1995–present)
- Jim Jordan (1995–present)
- Greg Abbott (1996–present)[59]
- Dennis Kucinich (1997-2013)[60]
- Steve King (1997-2021)
- Andy Harris (1999–present)
- Andy Biggs (2001–present)
- Ted Cruz (2003–present)[61][62]
- Tim Ryan[63]
- Louie Gohmert (2005–present)
- John Fetterman (2006–present)[64][65]
- Sarah Palin (2006–present)
- Tea Party movement
- Matt Gaetz (2010–present)[66]
- Paul Gosar (2011–present)
- Ron Johnson (2011–present)[67]
- J. D. Vance (2016–present)[68][69]
- Allen West (2011–present)
- Tulsi Gabbard (2013–present)[70]
- Scott Perry (2013–present)
- Kelli Ward (2013–2023)[71]
- Elizabeth Warren (2013–present)[72]
- Donald Trump, 45th President, current President-elect (2015-present)[73][9]
- Amanda Chase (2016–present)[74]
- Josh Hawley (2017-present)[75][76][77]
- Jamaal Bowman (2020–present)[78]
- Mary Miller (2020-present)[79][80]
- Cori Bush (2020–present)[78]
- Andrew Yang[81]
- Ralph Nader[82]
- Occupy movement[83]
- Huey Long (1928-1935)[84][85]
Venezuela
edit- Rafael Caldera (1994-1999)[9]
- Hugo Chávez (1999-2013)[86][9]
- Nicolás Maduro (2013–present)[9]
Asia
editBangladesh
editMainland China
editHong Kong
edit- Civic Passion[88]
- League of Social Democrats[89]
- People Power[90]
- John Lee[91]
- Junius Ho[92][93][94]
India
edit- Indira Gandhi[95]
- J. Jayalalithaa[96]
- Narendra Modi[9]
- Aam Aadmi Party[97]
- Samajwadi Party[98]
- Shiv Sena[99]
Indonesia
editIran
editIsrael
editJapan
edit- Shinzo Abe[9]
- Tōru Hashimoto[102]
- Shintaro Ishihara[103]
- Yuriko Koike[104][105]
- Junichiro Koizumi[9]
- Tarō Yamamoto[106]
Malaysia
editMyanmar
editPakistan
editPhilippines
editSri Lanka
editTaiwan
editThailand
editTurkey
editEurope
editAustria
editBelarus
editBelgium
editBosnia and Herzegovina
editBulgaria
edit- Attack[119]
- Revival
- Boyko Borisov[9]
- GERB
- Bulgarian Socialist Party[121]
- Reload Bulgaria[119]
- National Front for the Salvation of Bulgaria[119]
- National Movement for Stability and Progress[119]
- There is Such a People
Croatia
edit- Homeland Movement
- Croatian Democratic Alliance of Slavonia and Baranja[119]
- Croatian Party of Rights[119]
- Croatian Party of Rights 1861[119]
- Croatian Party of Rights Dr. Ante Starčević[119]
- Croatian Peasant Party[119]
- Croatian Democratic Peasant Party[119]
- Human Shield[122]
Czechia
edit- Freedom and Direct Democracy[123]
- Tomio Okamura
- Andrej Babiš[9]
- ANO 2011
- Miloš Zeman[9]
- Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia[124]
- Law, Respect, Expertise
- Přísaha
Denmark
editEstonia
editFrance
edit- La France Insoumise[129][123]
- Jean-Luc Mélenchon
- Marine Le Pen[130]
- National Rally[123][119]
- Reconquête
- Debout la France
- Movement for France[119]
- Pierre Poujade, founder of Poujadism.[131]
- Yellow vests movement[132]
Finland
edit- Finns Party[133][119]
- Left Alliance
- Radical People's Party (1944-1950s)
Åland Islands
editGeorgia
editGermany
edit- Alternative for Germany[135][123][119]
- The Left[136]
- Sahra Wagenknecht Alliance - Reason and Justice
- The Homeland[119]
Greece
edit- Golden Dawn[119]
- Syriza[123][119]
- Independent Greeks[119]
- Popular Orthodox Rally[119]
- Greek Solution[137]
Hungary
editIceland
editIreland
editItaly
edit- Silvio Berlusconi (1993–2023)[9]
- Brothers of Italy[119]
- The Five Star Movement[140][123][119]
- League[123][119]
- New Force[125]
- CasaPound[125]
- Communist Refoundation Party[125]
- Potere al Popolo[141]
Latvia
edit- Latvia First
- National Alliance
- Awakening[119]
- Latvian Association of Regions[119]
- For a Humane Latvia[142][143]
- Platform 21[144]
- Aldis Gobzems[143][145]
- Artuss Kaimiņš[142]
Lithuania
editLuxembourg
editMoldova
editMontenegro
edit- Milo Đukanović
- Democratic Party of Socialists of Montenegro
- New Serb Democracy
- Movement for Changes
- Democratic People's Party
- True Montenegro
Netherlands
edit- Party for Freedom[123][119]
- Socialist Party[146]
- Forum for Democracy[123]
- Reformed Political Party[119]
North Macedonia
editNorway
editPoland
edit- Law and Justice
- Confederation Liberty and Independence[148][149]
- Left Together
- Kukiz'15
- Real Politics Union[119]
Portugal
editRomania
edit- Traian Băsescu[9]
- People's Party – Dan Diaconescu[119]
- Liviu Dragnea[152]
- Social Democratic Party[153][154][155]
- Romanian Socialist Party[147]
- Alliance for the Union of Romanians[156][157][158][159]
Russia
editSerbia
edit- Aleksandar Vučić[9]
- Slobodan Milošević[160]
- Ivica Dačić[161]
- Dveri[162][163][164]
- Serbian Progressive Party[165][166][167]
- Socialist Party of Serbia[168]
- Serbian Radical Party[169][170]
- New Democratic Party of Serbia[171][172]
- United Serbia[173][174]
- Do not let Belgrade drown[175]
- Strength of Serbia Movement[176]
- Serbian People's Party[177]
- Enough is Enough[175][178]
- New Serbia[179]
- Serbian Renewal Movement (formerly)[180][181]
- Serbian Patriotic Alliance (defunct)[182]
- Yugoslav Left (defunct)[125]
Spain
editSlovakia
edit- Robert Fico[9]
- Direction - Social Democracy
- Slovak National Party[123][119]
- Vladimír Mečiar[9]
- People's Party Our Slovakia
- Republic
- Slovakia[123][119]
- We Are Family
Slovenia
editSweden
editSwitzerland
edit- Swiss People's Party[186][119]
- Swiss Party of Labour[147]
- Ticino League[186][119]
- Federal Democratic Union of Switzerland[119]
- Geneva Citizens' Movement[186]
Ukraine
editUnited Kingdom
editOceania
editAustralia
edit- John Curtin[193]
- Gough Whitlam[193]
- Pauline Hanson[194]
- Pauline Hanson's One Nation[194]
- Craig Kelly[195][196]
- Peter Dutton (2022-present)[197][198]
- Tony Abbott (2009-2015)[199]
- United Australia Party[200][201]
- Clive Palmer[200][201]
- Bob Katter[202]
- Australian Greens[193][203]
- Matthew Guy (2014-2018, 2021–2022) [204][205] [206]
- Campbell Newman (2011-2015)[207]
- Joh Bjelke-Petersen (1968-1987) [208]
New Zealand
edit- Robert Muldoon (1975-1984)[209]
- New Zealand First[210]
- Christopher Luxon (2021-present)[211][212][213]
See also
editReferences
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- ^ "La estrategia populista en la política exterior de Álvaro Uribe".
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- ^ Ulloa, Félix (February 11, 2010). "Mauricio Funes: His Way". Americas Quarterly. Retrieved 2021-08-24.
- ^ Webber, Jude (4 February 2019). "Nayib Bukele wins El Salvador presidential election". Financial Times. Retrieved 10 February 2020.
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- ^ Bush, Janet. "Peru's Asian Populist". Prospect Magazine. Retrieved 30 October 2019.
- ^ a b Garcia Cano, Regina. "2 polarizing populists vie in Peru's presidential runoff". Washington Post. Retrieved 9 June 2021.
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- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: William Jennings Bryan (1860–1925)". US Department of State - Office of the Historian. Retrieved 1 June 2024.
- ^ Bridges, Tyler (12 July 2021). "Edwin Edwards, Louisiana populist who served 4 terms as governor and 8 years in prison, dies at 93". The Advocate. Retrieved 2021-08-24.
- ^ "Mike Gravel Is the Anti–Joe Biden". jacobinmag.com. Retrieved 10 October 2020.
- ^ "Trump's Populism Is Not Reagan's Populism". National Review. 2018-04-04. Retrieved 2023-08-12.
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- ^ Wyler, Grace. "Here's How Ron Paul Became A Revolution". Business Insider. Retrieved 28 September 2020.
- ^ Stark, Steven (1 February 1996). "Right-Wing Populist". The Atlantic. Retrieved 10 October 2020.
- ^ West, Paul (5 December 1991). "David Duke takes aim at presidency La. legislator unveils GOP primary bid". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved 9 October 2020.
- ^ Boyte, Harry C. (5 April 1988). "Jackson's Populist Message Is a Hit, but Party Misses It". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 9 October 2020.
- ^ Lowndes, Joseph. "Roy Moore lost, but his brand of right-wing white populism still dominates the GOP". The Washington Post. Retrieved 9 October 2020.
- ^ Gabriel, Jon. "With a Martha McSally win, populist anger may (finally) be dead in Arizona". The Arizona Republic. Retrieved 2021-08-24.
- ^ "DeSantis and Abbott take the lead in battle to inherit Trump's mantle". Washington Examiner. 2021-06-18. Retrieved 2021-08-24.
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To provide an Islamic justification for their populist program, Mojahedin often utilized the euphemism coined by Shariati.
- ^ Sieg, Linda (May 27, 2013). "Japan's Mayor Hashimoto denies he meant to excuse wartime brothels". Reuters. Retrieved November 6, 2020.
Hashimoto, the populist co-leader of a small right-wing party, sparked a storm of criticism at home and abroad when he said earlier this month that the military brothels had been "necessary" at the time and that Japan had been unfairly singled out for practices common among other militaries during wartime.
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Xenophobic sentiments towards ethnic minorities have been fuelled by populist politicians like Shintaro Ishihara, one of Japan's most prominent nationalist politicians.
- ^ Milo, John (October 3, 2017). "Japan's ruling Liberal Democratic Party election manifesto as Shinzo Abe seeks fourth term". foreignbrief.com. Retrieved May 30, 2020.
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- ^ Nakamura, Kasane (August 1, 2019). れいわ・山本太郎代表「私はポピュリストです」。羽鳥慎一モーニングショーで左派ポピュリズムとの指摘に宣言。. huffingtonpost.jp (in Japanese). HuffPost. Retrieved May 30, 2020.
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- ^ Khin Zaw Win (March 2018). Falling back on populism in post-ideology Myanmar (PDF). Authoritarian Populism and the Rural World. Emancipato ry Rural Politics Initiative – via Transnational Institute.
- ^ "The Bhutto populism". The Nation. 2009-11-22. Retrieved 2021-08-24.
- ^ Waldman, Peter (2 December 1996). "Imran Khan Bowls Them Over With Populist Pakistani Pitch". The Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Archived from the original on 18 January 2017. Retrieved 16 January 2017.
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