The GM Small Gasoline Engine (SGE) is a family of small-displacement, inline three- and four-cylinder gasoline engines ranging from 1.0 L to 1.5 L, developed by Adam Opel AG, Shanghai Automotive Industry Corporation (SAIC), MG Motor (MG), Shanghai GM (SGM), and the Pan-Asia Technical Automotive Center (PATAC).[1]
| Small Gasoline Engine | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Overview | |
| Manufacturer | |
| Also called | Microtec |
| Production | 2013–present |
| Layout | |
| Configuration | |
| Displacement |
|
| Cylinder bore | 74 mm (2.91 in) |
| Piston stroke |
|
| Cylinder block material | Aluminium |
| Cylinder head material | Aluminium |
| Valvetrain | DOHC 4 valves × cyl. |
| Valvetrain drive system | Chain |
| Compression ratio | 10.0:1 – 12.5:1 |
| RPM range | |
| Max. engine speed | 6500 |
| Combustion | |
| Turbocharger | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries one-stage single-scroll (some versions) |
| Fuel system | |
| Fuel type | |
| Oil system | Wet sump |
| Cooling system | Water cooled |
| Output | |
| Power output | 55–130 kW (74–175 hp; 75–177 PS) |
| Torque output | 95–275 N⋅m (70–203 lb⋅ft) |
| Dimensions | |
| Dry weight | 98 kg (216 lb) [specify] |
| Chronology | |
| Predecessor | |
| Successor | GM E-Turbo engine (1.4 Version) |
The new global family is designed to improve fuel economy, performance, and emissions, while reducing noise and vibrations. To achieve this, it features a lightweight design and advanced technologies like gasoline direct injection, turbocharging, variable-length intake manifolds, and alternative fuel compatibility. It uses a modular approach with interchangeable components that can be suited to specific applications.
The SGE is available in the following displacements:
- 999 cc (1.0 L; 61.0 cu in) I3 DI DCVCP turbo 77.4 mm (3.05 in) stroke,
- 1,118 cc (1.1 L; 68.2 cu in) I3 PFI 86.6 mm (3.41 in) stroke,
- 1,399 cc (1.4 L; 85.4 cu in) I4 DI DCVCP turbo 81.3 mm (3.20 in) stroke, and
- 1,490 cc (1.5 L; 90.9 cu in) I4 PFI 86.6 mm (3.41 in) stroke
All engines share a common block design (depending on the number of cylinders) and a 74 mm (2.91 in) bore with 81 mm (3.19 in) bore spacing. The one-stage single-scroll turbocharger in turbocharged variants is supplied by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries.[2]
To reduce noise, vibration, and harshness (NVH) levels, the direct injection fuel rail mounts to the cylinder head and valve cover via bushings that isolate the loud ticking noise that injector pintles make. GM claims that the 1.0-liter turbo is 25 percent (3 dBA) quieter than the Ford Fiesta's 1.0-liter turbo, and the 1.4-liter is up to 50 percent (6 dBA) quieter than the VW/Audi 1.4-liter turbo. Other silencing measures include a bed-plate cylinder block that increases stiffness and a stiffened aluminum front cam cover. Three-cylinder variants get a balance shaft that is integrated with the oil pump and located inside the two-piece aluminum oil pan to prevent radiated noise. The shaft counter-rotates at engine speed. GM claims that the EcoTec three-cylinder idles more smoothly than Ford's three-cylinder, which does not use a shaft.[2]
All turbocharged variants provide 90 percent of their maximum torque between 1500 and 5000 rpm, with peak power arriving between 5600 and 6000 rpm. The MHI turbochargers are sized to provide quick torque response, and are mounted very close to the cylinders, thanks to cylinder heads that incorporate the exhaust manifolds in the head.[2]
To reduce mass, the engines are compact in all directions, made almost entirely of aluminum, and feature composite intake manifolds. This removes 44 pounds (20 kg) from the existing 1.4-liter turbo in the Cruze and makes it 8 pounds (4 kg) lighter than the 1.4-liter VW turbo. GM says this engine weighs 216 pounds (98 kg), ready for installation.[2]
The engines debuted in the 2014 Opel Adam[3] and are produced in Szentgotthárd, Hungary,[4] and GM's Flint Engine plant.[5] By 2018, the new engine family had spread to other brands and markets and had replaced three separate engine families (S-TEC, Family 0, and Family 1).
The assembly lines for North American facilities were manufactured by Hirata Corporation at its powertrain facility in Kumamoto, Japan.
Non-Opel Variants
edit1.4
editLV7
editThe LV7 is the multi-point fuel injection 1.4 L naturally-aspirated variant of the SGE, with a 74 mm × 81.3 mm (2.91 in × 3.20 in) bore and stroke for a total capacity of 1,399 cc (1.4 L). Compression ratio is 10.6:1 and the engine can run on regular unleaded grade gasoline. Assembly is in Changwon, South Korea.
| Year(s) | Model | Power | Torque |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2016–2022 | Chevrolet Spark | 73 kW (98 hp) at 6200 rpm | 128 N⋅m (94 lb⋅ft) at 4400 rpm |
LE2
edit
The LE2 is the direct-injection 1.4 L turbocharged variant of the SGE, with a 74 mm × 81.3 mm (2.91 in × 3.20 in) bore and stroke for a total capacity of 1,399 cc (1.4 L). Compression ratio is 10.0:1 and the engine can run on regular grade gasoline. The LE2 is also paired with a start-stop system in some vehicles.
| Year(s) | Model | Power | Torque |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2016 | Buick Encore Sport Touring | 114 kW (153 hp) at 5600 rpm | 240 N⋅m (177 lb⋅ft) at 2000–4000 rpm |
| 2017–2019 | Buick Encore (Optional) | 114 kW (153 hp) at 5600 rpm | 240 N⋅m (177 lb⋅ft) at 2000–4000 rpm |
| 2021–2022 | Buick Encore | 116 kW (155 hp) at 5600 rpm | 240 N⋅m (177 lb⋅ft) at 2000–4000 rpm |
| 2016– | Chevrolet Cruze | 114 kW (153 hp) at 5600 rpm | 240 N⋅m (177 lb⋅ft) at 2000–4000 rpm |
| 2021–2022 | Chevrolet Trax | 116 kW (155 hp) at 5600 rpm | 240 N⋅m (177 lb⋅ft) at 2000–4000 rpm |
1.5
editL3A
editThe L3A is the direct-injection 1.5 L naturally-aspirated variant of the SGE used in the second-generation Chevrolet Volt, with a 74 mm × 86.6 mm (2.91 in × 3.41 in) bore and stroke for a total capacity of 1,490 cc (1.5 L). The compression ratio is 12.5:1 and the engine can run on regular unleaded-grade gasoline. Maximum engine speed is 6000 rpm.
| Year(s) | Model | Power | Torque |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2016–2019 | Chevrolet Volt | 75 kW (100 hp) at 5600 rpm | 140 N⋅m (103 lb⋅ft) at 4300 rpm |
| 2017–2019 | Buick Velite 5 | 79 kW (106 hp) at 5800 rpm | 138 N⋅m (102 lb⋅ft) at 4400 rpm |
| 2024– | MG 3 | 80 kW (107 hp) at 6000 rpm | 128 N⋅m (94 lb⋅ft) at 4500 rpm |
| 2020– | MG 5 | 84 kW (112 hp) at 6000 rpm | 150 N⋅m (111 lb⋅ft) at 4500 rpm |
| 2024– | MG 3 Hybrid+ | 143 kW (192 hp) at 6000 rpm | 250 N⋅m (184 lb⋅ft) at 4500 rpm |
LFV
editThe LFV is a direct-injection 1.5 L turbocharged SGE variant, with a 74 mm × 86.6 mm (2.91 in × 3.41 in) bore and stroke for a total capacity of 1,490 cc (1.5 L). Compression ratio is 10.0:1 and the engine can run on regular unleaded-grade gasoline. Maximum engine speed is 6500 rpm. Automatic Start-Stop is available with this engine. Assembly is in Shanghai (China), Changwon (South Korea), Toluca (Mexico), Spring Hill (Tennessee), and Flint (Michigan).
| Year(s) | Model | Power | Torque |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2016– | Chevrolet Malibu | 122 kW (163 hp) at 5700 rpm | 250 N⋅m (184 lb⋅ft) at 2000–4000 rpm |
| 2016– | Buick LaCrosse | 126 kW (169 hp) at 5600 rpm | 250 N⋅m (184 lb⋅ft) at 1700–4000 rpm |
| 2016–2021 | Buick Envision | 126 kW (169 hp) at 5600 rpm | 250 N⋅m (184 lb⋅ft) at 1700–4000 rpm |
| 2018– | MG HS | 121 kW (162 hp) at 5600 rpm | 250 N⋅m (184 lb⋅ft) at 1700–4400 rpm |
| 2020– | MG 5 LE | 128 kW (171 hp) at 5600 rpm | 275 N⋅m (203 lb⋅ft) at 1750–4000 rpm |
| 2021– | MG 6 PRO | 135 kW (181 hp) at 5600 rpm | 285 N⋅m (210 lb⋅ft) at 1500–4000 rpm |
| 2022– | MG 5 Scorpio Edition | 135 kW (181 hp) at 5600 rpm | 285 N⋅m (210 lb⋅ft) at 1500–4000 rpm |
LYX
editThe LYX is a direct-injection 1.5 L turbocharged SGE variant, with a 74 mm × 86.6 mm (2.91 in × 3.41 in) bore and stroke for a total capacity of 1,490 cc (1.5 L). Compression ratio is 10.0:1 and uses regular unleaded gasoline.
| Year(s) | Model | Power | Torque |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2018– | MG HS FFV | 121 kW (162 hp) at 5600 rpm | 250 N⋅m (184 lb⋅ft) at 1700–4400 rpm |
| 2020– | MG HS PHEV | 212 kW (284 hp) at 5500 rpm | 480 N⋅m (354 lb⋅ft) at 1700–4300 rpm |
| 2018–2022 | Chevrolet Equinox | 127 kW (170 hp) at 5600 rpm | 275 N⋅m (203 lb⋅ft) at 2000–4000 rpm |
| 2018–2022 | GMC Terrain | 127 kW (170 hp) at 5600 rpm | 275 N⋅m (203 lb⋅ft) at 2000–4000 rpm |
LSD
editThe LSD is a direct-injection 1.5 L turbocharged SGE variant, with a 74 mm × 86.6 mm (2.91 in × 3.41 in) bore and stroke for a total capacity of 1,490 cc (1.5 L). Compression ratio is 10.0:1 and uses regular unleaded gasoline. This variant has a higher pressure fuel system than the LYX, increasing to 35 MPa from 20 MPa.
| Year(s) | Model | Power | Torque |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2023– | Chevrolet Equinox | 130 kW (175 hp) at 5600 rpm | 275 N⋅m (203 lb⋅ft) at 2000–4000 rpm |
| 2023– | GMC Terrain | 130 kW (175 hp) at 5600 rpm | 275 N⋅m (203 lb⋅ft) at 2000–4000 rpm |
Opel Variants
edit| Variant | # cylinder | Bore x stroke | Displacement | Aspiration | Compression Ratio | Power output | Torque | Applications | Years of production |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| B10XE | Inline-3 | 74 mm × 77.7 mm (2.91 in × 3.06 in) | 999 cc (1.0 L) | Naturally aspirated Indirect injection |
10.5:1 | 56 kW (75 hp) at 6500 rpm |
96 N⋅m (71 lb⋅ft) at 4500 rpm |
Opel Karl | from 03/2015 |
| B10XFL | 74 mm × 77.4 mm (2.91 in × 3.05 in) | Direct injection turbo |
67 kW (90 hp) at 3700–6000 rpm |
170 N⋅m (125 lb⋅ft) at 1800–3700 rpm |
Opel Adam 1.0 SGE | from 11/2014 | |||
| Opel Corsa E 1.0 SGE Turbo | from 11/2014 | ||||||||
| 78 kW (105 hp) at 5000 rpm |
170 N⋅m (125 lb⋅ft) at 1800–4250 rpm |
Opel Astra K 1.0 Turbo | from 07/2015 | ||||||
| B10XFT | 86 kW (115 hp) at 5000–6000 rpm |
170 N⋅m (125 lb⋅ft) at 1800–4500 rpm |
Opel Adam 1.0 SGE | from 11/2014 | |||||
| Opel Corsa E 1.0 SGE Turbo (115 CV) | from 11/2014 | ||||||||
| B14XE | Inline-4 | 74 mm × 81.3 mm (2.91 in × 3.20 in) | 1,399 cc (1.4 L) | Naturally aspirated Indirect injection |
10.6:1 | 75 kW (101 hp) at 6000 rpm |
130 N⋅m (96 lb⋅ft) at 4000 rpm |
Opel Astra K 1.4 16v | from 07/2015 |
| B14XFL | Direct injection turbo |
10.0:1 | 93 kW (125 hp) at 4000–5600 rpm |
245 N⋅m (181 lb⋅ft) at 2000–3500 rpm |
Opel Astra K 1.4 Turbo | from 07/2015 | |||
| B14XFT | 112 kW (150 hp) at 5000–5600 rpm |
Opel Astra K 1.4 Turbo | from 07/2015 | ||||||
| B15XFL | 74 mm x 86.6 (2.91 in x 3.41 in) | 1490 cc (1.5 L) | 10.1:1 | 103 kW (140 hp)
at 5600 rpm |
250 N⋅m (184 lb⋅ft)
at 2000–4100 rpm |
Opel Insignia B 1.5 Turbo | from 06/2017 | ||
| B15XFT | 121 kW (165 hp)
at 5600 rpm |
250 N⋅m (184 lb⋅ft)
at 2000–4500 rpm |
Opel Insignia B 1.5 Turbo | from 06/2017 |
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ "Future Chevrolets to Benefit from Small Gas Engine Family". Chevrolet News | United States. General Motors. October 12, 2011. Archived from the original on March 26, 2014. Retrieved May 29, 2012.
- ^ a b c d Markus, Frank (March 20, 2014). "GM Introduces Extra-Small Block EcoTec Engine Family". MotorTrend. Archived from the original on March 23, 2014.
- ^ "Opel ADAM: Just Unique". Opel Media Europe. General Motors. July 11, 2012. Archived from the original on October 28, 2014. Retrieved September 13, 2019.
- ^ "Opel Expands Engine Production in Szentgotthárd, Hungary". Opel Media Europe. General Motors. September 21, 2010. Archived from the original on October 28, 2014. Retrieved May 29, 2012.
- ^ Loveday, Eric (October 28, 2014). "Official: 2016 Chevy Volt To Get 1.5-Liter, 4-Cylinder Range Extender". Inside EVs. Archived from the original on October 28, 2014.
External links
edit