Elections were held on November 2, 1937 to fill the New York City Council, which had just been formed to replace the New York City Board of Aldermen. The new Council comprised 26 members elected via proportional representation by borough, in contrast to the 65-member Board of Aldermen elected by district.[1] This was done in response to the large majorities the Democrats often received in the Board of Aldermen.[1] Each borough was entitled to one member of the council for each 75,000 votes cast, and an additional member for each remainder greater than 50,000.[2] Due to voter turnout, Brooklyn was entitled to nine members of the Council, Manhattan six, Queens and The Bronx five each, and Richmond one.[1]
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All 26 seats to the New York City Council 14 seats needed for a majority | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Owing to the novelty and complexity of proportional representation the results of the election were expected to be significantly slowed down,[2] and were not available until later in the month.[1]
Manhattan elected three Democrats, one Republican, one member of the City Fusion party, and one member of the American Labor Party.[1]
Brooklyn elected nine councillors: five Democrats, two American Laborites, one City Fusionist and one Communist.[3]
John Cashmore of Brooklyn, who had served seven terms in the Board of Aldermen, was elected the Vice Chairman[4] and consequently leader of the majority.[5] The Board of Aldermen held its last meeting on December 21,[6] and the new City Council met for the first time on January 3, 1938.[4] Proportional representation was abolished in 1947 as it allowed Communists to be elected to the Council.[7]
The electoral reform nonprofit organization FairVote says, of the New York council election results during that period: "The City’s first black candidates were elected (including Adam Clayton Powell Jr.) [in 1945], seats were won in close proportion to votes and far more small party candidates and independent Democrats were elected."[8]
| Party | Seats | % seats | % votes (last count) |
% votes (1st preferences) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | 13 | 50.0% | 47.0% | 31% | |
| Republican | 3 | 11.5% | 8.5% | 9% | |
| Insurgent Democrats[a] | 2 | 8.0% | 7.0% | 5% | |
| American Labor | 5 | 19.0% | 21.0% | 12% | |
| Fusion | 3 | 11.5% | 10.5% | 11% | |
| Communist | – | – | – | 4% | |
| Others | 0 | – | – | 28% | |
| Total | 26 | 100.0% | 94.0% | 100.0% | |
References
edit- ^ a b c d e "P.R. in Operation". Brooklyn Daily Eagle. Vol. 97, no. 326. November 24, 1937. p. 6. Retrieved May 5, 2019 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ a b "N.Y. City Council Results Slowed". Rochester Democrat and Chronicle. Associated Press. November 3, 1937. Retrieved May 5, 2019 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ Mccaffrey, George. “New York’s 1937 Election and Its Results.” National Municipal Review 27, no. 1 (January 1938)
- ^ a b Donohue, James (January 3, 1938). "Council Elects John Cashmore Vice-Chairman". The Brooklyn Citizen. Vol. 102, no. 1. p. 1. Retrieved May 5, 2019 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ Morse, Edward (December 29, 1937). "Election of Cashmore To Head Council Bloc Shows Kelly Strength". The Brooklyn Citizen. Vol. 101, no. 152. p. 1. Retrieved May 5, 2019 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "The Board of Aldermen sang its Swan song". The Brooklyn Citizen. December 22, 1937. Retrieved May 5, 2019 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ Lee, Dick (October 27, 1947). "PR Called Costly to City; Voters to Decide Its Fate". New York Daily News. Retrieved May 5, 2019 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ a b "Choice Voting in New York City Council Elections: 1937 - 1947" (PDF). FairVote. Retrieved March 1, 2021.
- ^ Zeller, Belle; Bone, Hugh A. (December 1948). "The Repeal of P.R. in New York City—Ten Years in Retrospect". American Political Science Review. 42 (6): 1132, 1135. doi:10.2307/1950618. JSTOR 1950618. S2CID 147652948. Retrieved March 1, 2021.
Notes
edit- ^ The "Roe faction in Queens", according to Zeller & Bone (1948).
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