The Uganda National Oil Company (UNOC), also known as the National Oil Company of Uganda, is a limited liability petroleum company in Uganda owned by the Ugandan government.[5][6] The 2013 Petroleum (Exploration, Development and Production) Act of Uganda provides for the establishment of the national oil company. UNOC's board of directors was inaugurated on 23 October 2015 by the president of Uganda.[5][6]
| Company type | Parastatal |
|---|---|
| Industry | Petroleum industry |
| Founded | 2014 |
| Headquarters | 15 Yusuf Lule Road, Nakasero, Kampala, Uganda[1] |
Key people | Mathias Katamba Chairman[2] Proscovia Nabbanja Chief Executive Officer[3] Samantha Muhwezi Kassami Chief Operating Officer[4] |
| Products | Petroleum, oil, gas |
| Website | Homepage |
Location
editThe headquarters of UNOC are located in Fairway Tower, at 15 Yusuf Lule Road, on Nakasero Hill, in Kampala, Uganda's capital and largest city.[1] The coordinates of UNOC headquarters are 0°19'42.0"N, 32°34'57.0"E (Latitude:0.328333; Longitude:32.582500).[7]
Overview
editThe goal of the government of Uganda (GOU), as set out in the country's energy policy (2002) and National Oil and Gas policy (2008), is to ensure the sustainable utilization of discovered petroleum resources to contribute to early achievement of poverty eradication and create lasting value to society. One of the key objectives is to ensure an adequate, reliable, and affordable supply of quality petroleum products in the country. The petroleum deposits discovered so far are estimated at 6.5 billion barrels, of which 1.4 billion barrels are considered recoverable.[8]
The state can participate with between 15 and 20 percent in production, according to existing production-sharing agreements between the state and the three oil exploration companies: Tullow Oil of the United Kingdom, TotalEnergies of France, and the China National Offshore Oil Corporation. It is the National Oil Company that will participate in production on behalf of the state. The Uganda Oil Refinery that is in the development phase calls for 40 percent participation by the state. The national oil company will invest in the refinery on behalf of the state. It is also expected that the new oil company will maintain a petroleum products retail network.[9]
Financing
editPlans were underway to develop a 60,000 barrel per day refinery to serve Uganda and its immediate neighbours. The refinery is being developed on a private-public partnership basis (60 percent to 40 percent). GOU is in the process of finalising the selection process of a strategic investor who will take up the private shareholding. The refinery is expected to boost the security of supply of petroleum products and provide an outlet for the discovered resources.[10][11]
In February 2022, Proscovia Nabbanja, the chief executive of the Uganda National Oil Company, said the project promised a tenfold return on every dollar invested.[12]
In July 2022, the ownership in Uganda's crude oil production facilities the Albertine Graben was as illustrated in the table below. This excludes ownership in the East African Crude Oil Pipeline and the Uganda Oil Refinery.[13]
| Rank | Shareholder | Domicile | Percentage | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | TotalEnergies | France | 56.67 |
[13] |
| 2 | CNOOC Group | China | 28.33 |
[13] |
| 3 | Government of Uganda | Uganda | 15.00 |
[13] |
| Total | 100.00 |
Subsidiaries
editUNOC has two wholly owned subsidiaries: the Uganda Refinery Holding Company headed by General Manager Michael Nkambo Mugerwa,[14] and the Uganda National Pipeline Company headed by General Manager John Bosco Habumugisha.[15]
In May 2017, UNOC began managing the Jinja Petroleum Storage Terminal (JPST), which has a storage capacity of 30,000,000 litres (6,599,077 imp gal; 7,925,162 US gal). JPST is joint venture between UNOC and a private company, One Petroleum Limited. The facility had 15,000,000 litres (3,299,539 imp gal; 3,962,581 US gal) in storage as of November 2017.[16]
In December 2018, the shareholders of UNOC resolved that the company will own 15 percent equity in East African Crude Oil Export Pipeline (EACOP), up to 40 percent equity in the Uganda Oil Refinery and at least 51 percent equity in the Kampala Storage Terminal (KST) to be located at Namwabula Village in Mpigi District. UNOC is expected to operate and manage the KST.[17]
Governance
editThe founding board was chaired by Emmanuel Katongole, an economist and businessman. He is a co-founder of Quality Chemical Industries Limited, a pharmaceutical company in Eastern Africa and the major supplier of anti-retroviral medications in Uganda.[18] He was first appointed in August 2014 and was re-appointed for another five years on 12 November 2019.[19]
The board members included Francis Nagimesi, a former chief executive officer of the defunct Coffee Marketing Board of Uganda; Francis Twinamatsiko, a principal economist in the Ugandan Ministry of Finance, Planning and Economic Development; Grace Tubwita Bagaya Bukenya, a physical planner; Pauline Irene Batebe, a chemical/refinery engineer in the Petroleum Directorate of Uganda; Godfrey Andama, a senior geoscientist; and Stella-Marie Biwaga, a lawyer working with FIDA, Uganda.[20][5] In November 2019, Zulaika Mirembe Kasaija replaced Grace Tubwita Bagaya Bukenya on the board.[19]
In March 2024, after the expiry of the second five-year term of the first board, a new board chaired by Mathias Katamba a retired banker was appointed and approved by parliament. Other members of the six-member board include Moses Kabanda from the Ministry of Finance, Herbert Mugizi, an engineer from the Ministry of Energy, Ivan Lule, a chemical engineer, Justine Isenyi from the office of the Vice President and Zulaika Kasajja Mirembe, an attorney.[2]
In June 2016, Josephine Wapakhabulo, an electric and electronics engineer, was appointed managing director and chief executive officer of UNOC, being the first person to serve in that position.[21][22] In August 2019 Wapakhabulo resigned. After serving in acting capacity for 45 days, Proscovia Nabbanja, a geologist, was confirmed as the substantive CEO, the second person to serve in that capacity.[23]
First oil
editIn March 2018, UNOC concluded the bidding for transporters to move 45,211 barrels of waxy test crude oil, equivalent to 1,898,862 US gallons (7,187,975 L; 1,581,133 imp gal) from the oilfields in Hoima District, to the Kenyan port of Mombasa. The winner of the tender was expected to be made public in April 2018. At prevailing crude oil prices of US$60 per barrel, the crude, extracted during testing and exploration was valued at about US$2.7 million (KSh271 million).[24]
When the first bidding process failed to attract a credible buyer, the oil was re-advertised in June 2018. Failure to dispose of the crude oil before the Uganda oil refinery is completed, will make the refinery the default buyer. At the prevailing trading price of $74 (UShs280,000) per barrel of Brent crude oil, the 45,211 barrels could fetch about US$3.3m (about UShs 13 billion), as of June 2018.[25]
In November 2019, the Daily Monitor newspaper reported that Uganda National Oil Company had secured a buyer for the test crude oil. The crude oil is stored in specialized containers at four sites; Kasemene 1, Ngara-1, Ngiri-2 in Buliisa District and at Tangi Camp in Nwoya District. At the prevailing price of WTI crude oil at US$55.06 (USh:202,048) per barrel, the 45,211 barrels could potentially yield US$2,489,318 (about USh9 billion), as of November 2019.[26]
Bulk petroleum products trading
editIn March 2020 UNOC signed a memorandum of understanding (MOU) with Stabex International Limited, an oil products distributor in the African Great Lakes Region.[27] UNOC will import oil products in bulk and sell them to Stabex for onward distribution. Other distributors are being sought.[28][29]
According to The EastAfrican, the MV Uhuru, a Kenyan vessel, owned by the Kenya Pipeline Corporation, transports bulk refined oil products (gasoline, diesel-fuel, kerosene and jet fuel) from Kisumu to Jinja Petroleum Storage Terminal and UNOC distributes them nationally and regionally.[30]
Following the changes implemented in April 2023, in the way Kenya sources its refined petroleum products, from an "Open Tender System" (OTS) to a "Government to Government System" (G2GS), the government of Uganda enacted changes to mitigate inconveniences and financial losses that resulted from those changes.[31]
In November 2023, Uganda disclosed that effective 1 January 2024, UNOC was to become the sole refined petroleum products importer in Uganda. UNOC would then distribute to oil marketing companies (OMCs) in the country. Under a five-year contract, the products will be supplied by Vitol Bahrain EC (VBEC), a member of the Vitol Group. The supplied products will solely be imported though the Port of Dar es Salaam, in Tanzania. VBEC will provide the necessary funding to start the process and will work with UNOC to build a new Kampala Storage Terminal (KST) storage space with capacity of 320,000,000 liters, at Namwabula in Mpigi District, near Buloba in Wakiso District.[32][33]
Developments
editIn Q2 2023, the Uganda government (GoU) requested the government of Kenya (GoK) for UNOC to use the Kenya Refined Oil Products Pipeline to transport the assets acquired from Vitol between Mombasa and Kisumu. The Kenya government turned down that request. The GoU then opened up discussions with the government of Tanzania (GoT) to get permission to use Tanzanian ports to import the petroleum products.[34][35]
As of February 2024, the discussions between Tanzania and Uganda are ongoing with the two countries exploring the possibility of building a petroleum products pipeline between Port Tanga and Kampala. Meanwhile, there is a High Court injunction in Kenya, prohibiting the GoK from reconsidering their earlier decision. Uganda has also opened a lawsuit against Kenya in the East African Court of Justice claiming that denial of the use of the Kenya Petroleum Pipeline runs contrary to the spirit of the East African Community. Both cases await final determination.[36][37] In a twist in the developments, Kenya has since approached Uganda to explore the construction of the "Eldoret-Malaba-Kampala-Kigali Petroleum Products Pipeline".[38]
In March 2024, UNOC started selling petroleum products in small quantities, to oil marketing companies (OMCs) in Tanzania and Uganda, as the company tests out the supply chain and logistics involved. Once the details are sorted in the weeks and months ahead, UNOC is expected "to start directly importing from Vitol Bahrain under a five-year deal".[39]
In March 2024, Uganda and Kenya resolved their petroleum dispute. The court cases in Kenya and Tanzania were both withdrawn. Kenya will issue an OMC licensee to UNOC, which will use Kenya Pipeline infrastructure to transport its petroleum assets between Mombasa and Kisumu.[40][41][42]
See also
edit
References
edit- ^ a b UNOC (12 December 2018). "UNOC Holds 2nd Annual General Meeting (AGM) of Shareholders" (PDF). Kampala: Uganda National Oil Company (UNOC). Retrieved 6 January 2019.
- ^ a b Frederic Musisi (20 March 2024). "Museveni names new UNOC board members". Daily Monitor. Kampala, Uganda. Retrieved 22 March 2024.
- ^ Francis Mugerwa (12 August 2019). "UNOC Appoints Nabbanja As Acting CEO". Daily Monitor. Kampala, Uganda. Retrieved 13 August 2019.
- ^ Muhamadi Byemboijana (10 April 2024). "Samantha Muhwezi Kassami Assumes Key Role As UNOC Chief Operating Officer". SoftPower Uganda. Kampala, Uganda. Retrieved 12 April 2024.
- ^ a b c Michael Wambi (25 October 2015). "Museveni Commissions Petroleum, Oil Authorities". Kampala: Uganda Radio Network. Retrieved 26 January 2016.
- ^ a b Editorial. "Oil authority should have our interests at heart". Daily Monitor. Kampala.
- ^ "Location of the Headquarters of Uganda National Oil Company (UNOC)" (Map). Google Maps. Retrieved 6 January 2019.
- ^ Musoke, Ronald (28 August 2014). "Uganda's oil reserves now estimated at 6.5 billion barrels". The Independent (Uganda). Kampala. Retrieved 26 January 2016.
- ^ Ojambo, Fred (6 June 2013). "Uganda Draws Up Plan for National Oil Company to Steer Industry". Bloomberg News. Retrieved 9 May 2014.
- ^ Omondi, George (10 April 2014). "EA leaders agree to build oil refinery in western Uganda". Business Daily Africa. Nairobi. Retrieved 26 January 2016.
- ^ Abdallah, Halima (18 December 2016). "Russians in comeback to Uganda oil refinery deal as Total wants 10 percent stake". The EastAfrican. Nairobi. Retrieved 29 November 2017.
- ^ "Why Uganda is investing in oil despite pressures to go green". BBC News. 9 February 2022. Retrieved 8 March 2023.
- ^ a b c d Alex Tumuhimbise (1 June 2022). "Oil processing facility to be completed by end of year". Daily Monitor. Kampala, Uganda. Retrieved 13 July 2022.
- ^ Odyek, John (11 January 2017). "Oil Body Appoints Nkambo General Manager". New Vision. Kampala. Retrieved 29 November 2017.
- ^ Odyek, John (4 November 2017). "Uganda National Oil Company takes over Jinja terminal". New Vision. Kampala. Retrieved 29 November 2017.
- ^ Rwothungeyo, Billy (4 November 2017). "Uganda national oil company refurbishes oil reserve". New Vision. Kampala. Retrieved 8 November 2017.
- ^ George Mangula (13 December 2018). "UNOC Shareholders To Invest In Uganda's Oil Projects". Kampala: Eagle Uganda. Retrieved 16 September 2019.
- ^ "Emmanuel Katongole: The founder of Quality Chemicals". Daily Monitor. Kampala, Uganda. 18 October 2013. Retrieved 26 January 2016.
- ^ a b Paul Ampurire (20 November 2019). "Katongole Reappointed Chairman Of National Oil Company". SoftPower Uganda. Kampala, Uganda. Retrieved 22 November 2019.
- ^ Edward Ssekika (17 August 2015). "Uganda finally creates National Oil Company". The Observer (Uganda). Kampala, Uganda. Retrieved 26 January 2016.
- ^ Frederic Musisi (2 June 2016). "Wapa's daughter to head National Oil Company". Daily Monitor. Kampala, Uganda. Retrieved 24 August 2016.
- ^ Sam Waswa (1 June 2016). "Josephine Wapakhabulo Named Uganda Oil Company CEO". Chimpreports.com. Kampala, Uganda. Retrieved 24 August 2016.
- ^ Arthur Arnold Wadero (1 October 2019). "Nabbanja Named UNOC New Boss". Daily Monitor. Kampala, Uganda. Retrieved 22 November 2019.
- ^ Otuki, Neville (12 March 2018). "Uganda set to ship out its early oil through Mombasa". Business Daily Africa. Nairobi. Retrieved 12 March 2018.
- ^ Musisi, Frederic (22 June 2018). "Government to sell 45,000 barrels of crude oil". Daily Monitor. Kampala. Retrieved 22 June 2018.
- ^ Christine Kasemiire (1 November 2019). "Government Set To Sell Off 45,000 Barrels of Crude Oil". Daily Monitor. Kampala. Retrieved 1 November 2019.
- ^ Newz Post Uganda (23 May 2017). "Stabex: the new giant in Uganda oil industry". Kampala: Newz Post Uganda. Retrieved 15 April 2020.
- ^ Edward Ssekika (17 March 2020). Didas Muhumuza (ed.). "UNOC starts bulk trading of petroleum products". Kampala: Oil In Uganda. Retrieved 15 April 2020.
- ^ Christine Kasemiire (19 March 2020). "Government starts bulk supply of petroleum products". Daily Monitor. Kampala. Retrieved 15 April 2020.
- ^ James Anyanzwa and Njiraini Muchira (17 September 2020). "Kisumu jetty all set, but Uganda asks for time to fix complex parts". The EastAfrican. Nairobi, Kenya. Retrieved 18 September 2020.
- ^ Busein Samilu (6 November 2023). "Museveni backs plan on sole fuel importer". Daily Monitor. Kampala. Retrieved 8 November 2023.
- ^ The Citizen Tanzania (6 November 2023). "Uganda chooses Dar port for oil imports after fallout with Kenya". The Citizen (Tanzania). Dar es Salaam. Retrieved 8 November 2023.
- ^ Jacob Mosenda (8 November 2023). "Fallout between Uganda and Kenya a boon for Dar port". The Citizen (Tanzania). Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Retrieved 8 November 2023.
- ^ UBN (9 November 2023). "Uganda refused use of Kenya's pipeline in Vitol deal". Uganda Business News (UBN). Kampala, Uganda. Retrieved 27 February 2024.
- ^ Brian Ambani (9 November 2023). "Kenya declines Uganda's request to use oil pipeline". Daily Nation. Nairobi, Kenya. Retrieved 27 February 2024.
- ^ Busein Samilu (21 February 2024). "Uganda, Tanzania plan for joint pipeline to Kampala". Daily Monitor. Kampala, Uganda. Retrieved 27 February 2024.
- ^ "Kenya oil dealers in panic as Uganda picks Tanga port over Mombasa". The EastAfrican. Nairobi, Kenya. 26 February 2024. Retrieved 27 February 2024.
- ^ Busein Samilu (6 March 2024). "Uganda pushing for Tanzania pipeline deal, says minister". Daily Monitor. Kampala, Uganda. Retrieved 6 March 2024.
- ^ John Mutua (22 March 2024). "Uganda state oil firm begins fuel sales after Kenya fallout". The EastAfrican. Nairobi, Kenya. Retrieved 22 March 2024.
- ^ Duncan Miriri and Elias Biryabarema (28 March 2024). "Kenya and Uganda resolve oil import row, Uganda says". Reuters.com. Retrieved 12 April 2024.
- ^ John Mutua (28 March 2024). "Kenya ends oil import feud with Uganda". Business Daily Africa. Nairobi, Kenya. Retrieved 12 April 2024.
- ^ John Odyek (11 May 2024). "Uganda National Oil Company Expects The First Vessel of Petroleum Products". New Vision. Kampala, Uganda. Retrieved 13 May 2024.