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Zero marginal costs is a different issue, which is out of scope for the topic of an experience curve for PV. Zero marginal costs in the electricity market means that a "market only" revenue stream will not be able refinance the investment into a wind or solar park. Even if the LCOE is lower than the average (baseload) market price for electricity, these non dispatchable units won't be able to survive only with an energy only market: if there is something to sell, the price is determined by the next neighbor who has the same technology (= zero marginal costs of the marginal plant = market price) and if the market price is high enough, there is almost nothing to sell. As you can't easily store electricity at low costs (in the agricultural business you can deal with non-dispatchable, weather dependent yields) because of cheaply to construct granaries, there is a need have an financial instrument which reduces the risk (see CAPM: high risk = high interests rates for credits and equity capital) for repaying the CAPEX. Else you (= we as a society) pay more money to financial services, than for the hardware. But this topic is not relevant for the Swanson's law background. --Gunnar (talk) 21:31, 27 April 2021 (UTC)Reply
