Talk:Duluth, Minnesota

Untitled

Confusion with Dulmuth ¿Is a "allias" or an error? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 190.234.84.47 (talk) 03:40, 1 August 2011 (UTC)

Furthest seaport from the ocean

This title is awarded to Iquitos, Peru, which is some 3,000 km from the Atlantic, in the book 1491: New Revelations of the Americas Before Columbus by Charles C. Mann. Since Duluth is ~3,700 km from the ocean, it seems Mann is incorrect and Duluth is indeed the furthest deep water port in the world from the ocean.

In Duluth

I live in Duluth and I have been told from many people here that it is the largest freshwater port in the world. I don’t see this in the article, though I don’t know how accurate that is. Zath42 20:09, 28 March 2006 (UTC)

I would disagree because the city of Chicago, hosting at least 20 times more inhabitants, is a freshwater port.

I would disagree with that because a port's size isn't based on how many people live near it. The Duluth Port Authority's website claims "Duluth-Superior is by far the largest port on the Great Lakes." —Preceding unsigned comment added by 75.70.37.18 (talk) 05:09, 18 September 2007 (UTC) I would like to see Karples Manuscript Museum mentioned at places to visit in Duluth. An incredible collection of documents are stored there.

I remember them specifying "in gross tonnage" ~ К3вину (RSVP) (What) 22:31, 7 July 2011 (UTC)

External links

This article has way too many external links. They should be reduced or at least organized.--Daveswagon 01:12, 12 August 2006 (UTC)

They should be reduced even if organized. And where there is already a link in the text or elsewhere in the article it should not be repeated here.Kablammo 22:26, 16 August 2006 (UTC)

Template for a U.S. City

For those who plan on editing and expanding this article, please follow the Template for a U.S. City. Thanks!--Daveswagon 09:50, 16 August 2006 (UTC)

It has been reorganized. Despite the apparent extent of the changes indicated by this comparison[1] there should be no substantive changes. Some judgment calls: Transportation and Power have been moved to a new Economy section (which still needs a general summary of the economy, including industry and retail). One of the religion links have been moved to the new Religion section (which in turn has been put further down on the page, per the template); the link to the Catholic diocese has been deleted as it is linked by the separate article on the diocese (in turn linked to from the Religion section of this article). In my second edit[2] I rewrote some of the tourism stuff in the history section and moved it to a new Tourism subsection of Economy. Kablammo 18:14, 27 August 2006 (UTC)

Abigail Cartwright

Abigail (Abby) Cartwright was born in texas i don't know when she was born but she goes to william barrett travis vanguard and academy and she is in ms. williams 5th grade class.

Oh, is that so? Chickenflicker 23:07, 15 November 2006 (UTC)

What is this about. Waddle Deo wikv (talk) 23:56, 22 February 2022 (UTC)

Pronouncing Duluth

Could someone write a clarification in the article on the pronunciation of this city? I was recently playing TransAmerica (board game) in Germany and many people asked me how it's pronounced and I'm not sure... Thanks! --Chuck SMITH 10:43, 17 January 2007 (UTC)

"Duh-LUTH". Chickenflicker---♣ 13:08, 17 January 2007 (UTC)

I am not familiar with grammatical pronunciations, but the pronunciation is 'deh-luth', 'duh-luth' or 'dew-luth'

it's the last; dew-luth.

To clarify this more: it's "Duh-LOOTH" with the accent on the second syllable and rhyming with "tooth" or "booth" or "ruth". Benwing (talk) 00:03, 13 April 2008 (UTC)

File:Mn61.svg

Unless you're from the Iron Range – then it's more like Duh-LOOT. Sca (talk) 21:41, 28 July 2015 (UTC)

Famous people

Is it standard practice to have a "famous people" who hail from the mentioned city in Wiki articles? The list seems too subjective for Wikipedia. Chickenflicker---♣ 01:28, 12 February 2007 (UTC)

See the template at Wikipedia:WikiProject_Cities#Article_structure_example_for_a_U.S._City and discussion at Wikipedia_talk:WikiProject_Cities#Proposal_to_delete_.22Notable_natives.22. If the criterion is notability it should be no more subjective than the determination of which persons are notable enough to have articles in Wikipedia. Kablammo 04:07, 12 February 2007 (UTC)

Okay. I was wondering because New York City, Houston, Chicago, Beijing, Tokyo, and London don't have lists of notable natives on their main pages. Thanks. Chickenflicker---♣ 13:03, 12 February 2007 (UTC)

It's interesting that two of New York's boroughs have links to lists of famous people, while Staten Island has a list in its article. The inclusion of such lists seems to be more prelavent for smaller cities and towns-- it would not make much sense to have a list for Manhattan, for example. Less than a year ago the Minnesota article has such a list in its main body. Kablammo 13:35, 12 February 2007 (UTC)

The is an article about Duluth on uncyclopedia, and if that is worth mentioning then it should be added.

Images of lift bridge

There are several great free use pics available of the bridge here: http://flickr.com/photos/dcagne/page6/ Royalbroil ^T : C 15:42, 2 March 2007 (UTC)

Economy Section

The economy section should be expanded to include more than tourism. The iron industry isn't dead yet after all. Also, should "power supply" really be under economy? —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 137.22.11.104 (talk) 20:07, 1 April 2007 (UTC).

External Links Cleanup

Have just made an attempt at cleaning up the external links section, as per the request. I removed anything that was already mentioned in the article itself with a Wikilink, and if not, moved the link into the article. I took away anything that was only peripherally related to Duluth as well. I hope this was ok, but that list was just wayyy too large. -- Alucard (Dr.) | Talk 18:45, 27 April 2007 (UTC)

Great job on the cleanup. This article is sufficiently well-developed, and the city is suficiently important, for the page to come into compliance with guidelines.Kablammo 21:16, 27 April 2007 (UTC)

GA rereview

In part of WP:UCGA I've looked over this article and have suggested it for a GA Rereview - the article lacks significant references for a GA particularly compared to other city articles that are GA (see Atlanta, Georgia), among other possible problems. --Masem 20:23, 3 August 2007 (UTC)

At Duluth GA/R. Kablammo 16:41, 8 August 2007 (UTC)

Unanimous consensus was for the article to be delisted from WP:GA. The discussion, now in archive, can be seen here. If the article is brought up to standards, it may be renominated at WP:GAC. Regards, Lara♥Love 02:43, 9 August 2007 (UTC)

Small image sizes

15-Aug-2007: There has been a trend of people revising articles to remove the size parameters from included images, to let image size default to 180px (or to user-preferences size). However, I have previously edited hundreds of articles, including this "Duluth" article, and purposely set image-sizes to display the maximum applicable detail, without crowding the article text. After editing 9,000 articles, I have noticed that setting image-sizes specifically for each image does, in fact, produce readable illustrated text, with little need to click-enlarge each image while reading along in an article. The effect is analogous to setting font-sizes larger for article titles/subheadings or using bold font, rather than "defaulting" all text in articles to the smallest font possible. Although it would be conceivable to set an article to use tiniest fonts everywhere, depending on user preferences to show larger wording, in practice, there is no need to minimize font-size or image size, but rather allow the data/text to be displayed with appropriate sizes. When in doubt, use industry standards: most magazine articles have images with preset-sizes; it is very unusual to read a magazine article with tiny thumbnail images, expecting the reader to "enlarge" (or view with a magnifying glass) each image during reading.

Bottom line: reorganizing articles as all-thumbnail, to shrink larger images to be tiny thumbnails, is a form of original research ("OR"), since published images traditionally have varied sizes throughout articles in mainstream publishing. WP does not create articles based on original research, but rather established sources (see: "WP:NOR"). Always be wary that unusual practices, after-rigged into articles, might make Wikipedia more of a weirdo-pedia or "wacko-pedia" to the mainstream user base. I am resetting image sizes to display appropriate levels of detail throughout the article, in a customary manner from mainstream publishing. -Wikid77 18:31, 15 August 2007 (UTC)

• Wikid77, there are cases when pixels sizes are necessary, say in a wide image template or an unusual tall image. But arbitrary pixel sizes make everyone view at that size. We all have different computer setups. -Susanlesch 18:45, 15 August 2007 (UTC)

Susan is correct. In most cases, thumbnail sizes should not be specified. The ideal layout is different for someone using a 20" screen than for someone using a 3" screen (and people do read WP on handheld devices). The purpose of the default size/preference capability is so that users may specify the size of their thumbnails. When an editor specifies the size, he overrides that feature, probably to make the layout look good on his own computer screen, which may be quite inappropriate for some other user. Wikipedia:Image use policy also guides us on this.--Appraiser 19:31, 15 August 2007 (UTC)

16-Aug-2007: The Wikipedia policy clearly states that auto-thumbnailing is inappropriate for maps sized for scale; see Wikipedia:Manual of Style#Images: cases of specific image width include: "When using detailed maps, diagrams or charts; When a small region of an image is considered relevant" (quoted directly from Manual of Style). As for users with 3-inch screens, they account for, perhaps, one in 10,000 users. Don't make all images tiny simply because the 10,000th user prefers that size. That penalizes 9,999 users. Since the policy dictates the specific sizing, I am restoring it. Please don't revert again, but discuss this to fully understand the issue. The Manual requires specific sizing for "detailed maps, diagrams or charts" or "When a small region of an image is considered relevant" (quoted), that is why the sizing has been restored. Auto-thumbnailing in these cases is contrary to Wikipedia policy, so removing the sizes is a violation of WP policy. -Wikid77 00:26, 17 August 2007 (UTC)

I agree that maps and charts should be displayed at a usable resolution. Most images, however, should be left as auto-thumbnails unless there is a compelling need for them to be larger. Why not just set a size for the map and let the other images resize automatically? –Taranah 00:50, 17 August 2007 (UTC)

I care very much for Wikipedia, especially for articles related to Minnesota. Above, I asked that you not resize the pictures until the topic had been discussed. You blatantly ignored the request, restated your opinion, and re-inserted the sizes. This topic was discussed extensively when several of us were working to bring Minnesota to FA status. I carefully considered which graphics might need to be larger than the user's default sizes, and, in the process questioned whether a road map of the entire state was appropriate for an article about Duluth. It clearly is not; and that is the only graphic that could possibly fall under the umbrella of requiring a huge image in an article, if it added anything to the understanding of Duluth. I would hope that you reconsider your desire to size pictures. Although only a few users read WP on handheld devices, there are many sizes and shapes of monitors. You cannot possibly design a page that will look good on all of them. That is why the software allows user-specified sizes. To override that for no apparent reason is arrogant and, if you persist, will prevent Duluth, Minnesota from regaining GA status. Your opinion is in the minority.--Appraiser 01:26, 17 August 2007 (UTC)

To User:Taranah: I think it would be preferable if Wikipedia could auto-resize all images, tagged as to purpose, in some logical manner. However, widespread thumbnailing is not the answer, at this stage. After uploading hundreds of images, I noticed that detail & resolution must be planned, in advance, for potential display size. As for photographs, city skylines require a certain amount of specific resizing (However, I have even edit-skewed skyline images for better display in articles). Not having visited Duluth, I expected to see a skyline image showing some tall buildings across the landscape, not a miniature postage-stamp view. Then, I noticed the Arial bridge and the seven-mile sandbar, requiring more explanation for outsiders. Bottom line, being an outsider provides a different perspective, and the need to see "more images" than a native might prefer. Per Einstein, "State your prejudices, in advance" and then, try to understand alternate viewpoints. Outsiders definitely need more than thumbnails. Perhaps a photo-gallery section could be added for "Duluth" (where natives could ignore that section), and most detailed images could be displayed there. Again, it doesn't work to have "one size fits all" (pun intended), so various sizes are needed for different types of images. Perhaps, longterm, WP would have user-defined sizes for different image-types; however, at this stage, auto-thumbnailing is not the answer: it's like using a "sledgehammer to drive a thumbtack" and more than one auto-size is needed, just like more than one type of hammer/mallet/etc. would be needed. -Wikid77 01:39, 17 August 2007 (UTC)

To User:Appraiser: You are overlooking that I have quoted WP policy for the changes. My opinion is not "in the minority" but it is "in the Manual" of Style (just read the manual to understand when specific sizes are needed). Just calm down, and get a level attitude. Wikipedia practices and software are in their infancy, so don't get too upset. Phenomenal advances are possible, if everyone stays calm and works together. I have edited 15,000 articles, so I have discovered many potential improvements. -Wikid77 01:39, 17 August 2007 (UTC)

Wikid77, may I ask what is your user preferences setting is in your "Thumbnail size" pull down menu? Also may I suggest that if you would like to change Wikipedia's software and the guidelines for editors that spring from the software, that discussion could be better taken up with the developers? The "Files" tab in My preferences (found at the top of every page) belongs to everybody. Everybody includes every subset of everybody. Even very small subsets and even single individuals who may have viewing requirements different from everybody else. -Susanlesch 01:53, 17 August 2007 (UTC)

This argument is going nowhere. But to: Wikid77, let this be no personal attack but a plain truth: your talk page is filled with users and bots about incorrectly placed images, deleted images, and inability to understand or implement fair-use licenses. I have reviewed several of your "thousands" of Wikipedia changes and am dismayed at the lack of actual WP policy being followed. You also seem to severely lack the understanding of how to implement images altogether and a lack of simple knowledge of file formats, standards and resolution/sizing. Your images are also of the poorest quality. Wikipedia aims to deliver high-quality, relevant and creative value to using imagery, not simply to steal images from Google or other map sources. I would recommend this argument closed and the original agreement in FA-discussions of letting images default their size prevail. Davumaya 22:02, 31 August 2007 (UTC)

• 15-March-2008: I'm glad I waited 6 months to reply about the User:Davumaya (making "no personal attack" - ya right). In concluding that my images from 9,000 edits were "of the poorest quality", Davumaya was, you see, very qualified to judge, after having completed (now get this) a total of only 150 article edits. Wikipedia is also an interesting study in psychological issues: where a person, who averages 25 edits per month, might insist on casting judgment upon someone who has developed 100 times more articles. I wonder to what extent such an extreme lack of civility, even as veiled attacks, causes many Wikipedia editors to quit, in disgust about associating in that manner. Again, I view the most important aspect of Wikipedia as a social test of the ways in which others are treated. Wikipedia is merely a neophyte collection of data, currently focused mainly on words, with no virtual tours of cities, beaches, sailboats or airline flights. There are few catalogs for viewing videos or hearing thousands of sounds from nature. Yet, regardless, "everyone's a critic" without realizing the petty level of the viewpoints. Beware the "enpsychopedia" and simply try to keep it real. -Wikid77 (talk)

Most users have original defaults

17-Aug-2007: To User:Susanlesch: I have the original default "Thumbnail size" of 180px. I tend to use original defaults to align with most users, having developed software used in libraries and internet cafes, where few people bother to reset default parameters (displaying Adobe PDF files is a challenge at various libraries/cafes). My main viewing concern has been red/green colorblindness for those bizarre red-dot-on-town maps, wondering if that was such a good idea (or just lazy mapping). I've noticed the Swedish Wikipedia sometimes uses underlining of town names to highlight towns. Anyway, I often use 3 screen sizes (800x600, 1024x768 and high). Please contact the developers if you require special settings to view maps and skylines, for your system configurations. Most people tend to use 800x600 or 1024x768 screen sizes, so those are the screens I target, expecting other users are learning to scroll across or accept the appearance of all those other various websites on the internet. -Wikid77 04:28, 17 August 2007 (UTC)

Arts section error

In the arts section, it mentions that the Bay Front Blues festival is held at Chester Park. It has always been held at the park near the bay. I believe the offical name is Bay Front Park. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 192.28.2.6 (talk) 23:17, 20 November 2007 (UTC)

Duluth article naming conventions

There are many articles that have (Duluth) in parentheses for disambiguation. I moved Park Point (Duluth) to Park Point (Minnesota), before realizing that there are many of these articles. (See Category:Neighborhoods in Duluth, Minnesota). Does anyone think that these should all be changed to (Minnesota) - a more general and widely-known location, to avoid confusion of users. If the majority thinks (Duluth), Park Point (Minnesota) can be changed back. --Dan Leveille (talk) 19:29, 18 December 2007 (UTC)

Just going to mention that to avoid confusion, it should be kept as “park point (Duluth)” because park-point is on the border between Minnesota/Wisconsin it would be clearer to group with duluth Nobody5050 (talk) 18:19, 7 October 2019 (UTC)

"Westernmost Atlantic deep-water port" claim

I know it's cited, but it seems odd to me that in making this claim the assertion is made that there are no deep-water ports in Texas nor along the vast majority of Mexico's Atlantic coast. I realize that's the Gulf of Mexico, but the Gulf is far more a part of the Atlantic than Lake Superior is... 71.87.23.22 (talk) 04:03, 15 February 2008 (UTC)

Not only that, but the Deep water port page says that "A deep water port is any port that can accommodate a fully laden Panamax ship." How could a a Panamax ship make it from the Atlantic Ocean to Duluth? I don't think it could make it through the Soo locks. The deepest lock there is 10 metres but Panamax is of 12 metre depth. Same problem with the Welland canal with a a maximum depth of 8.2 metres. So then how could Duluth be a deep water port for the Atlantic? --216.26.215.189 (talk) 17:05, 21 December 2008 (UTC)

It only said that the port could accomodate it, it didn't say anything about getting it through the St Lawrence. Think of it as building a car in you house, you can easily bring it in part by part then reassemble it in your living room. But then it'd be stuck there

63.26.124.64 (talk) 06:50, 25 January 2009 (UTC)UYB <nowiki>Insert non-formatted text here</nowiki>

Duluth wiki

Someone created a wiki called Duluthians.org which might be interesting to writers. Just a thought (don't try and spam me with bs for saying something harmless) —Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.221.18.172 (talk) 22:09, 18 April 2010 (UTC)

Hockey: Duluth Coolerators

The Sports heading needs a short paragraph about the semi-pro Duluth Coolerators hockey team, sponsored by the Coolerator Company (air conditioning manufacturer). Can somebody in the News-Tribune Sports Department supply that paragraph, complete with names of ex-NHL stars Joe Papike, Sammy LoPresti, etc.?71.166.231.120 (talk) 02:30, 6 July 2011 (UTC)

Deepwater/oceangoing explanation

The article said that Duluth was "deepwater accessible", from the Atlantic Ocean. via the St Lawrence Seaway, or the Erie Canal -- but without defining "deepwater". List of deepwater ports says deepwater ports can accommodate panamax vessels. Well, panamax is significantly larger than seawaymax. Further the Erie Canal's maximum depth is only 12 feet. So I changed deepwater to oceangoing, and removed Erie Canal.

I think Duluth should be removed from List of deepwater ports. Geo Swan (talk) 12:09, 12 October 2011 (UTC)

Perhaps we should add the distinction between "lakers" and "salties". The lakers are ships up to 1100 feet long that can get thru the Soo locks, but not to the Atlantic (they are confined to the Great Lakes, hence the name). Salties are smaller ships (no more than 740 feet long) that can get thru all the locks to the Atlantic. In 1959 when the St. Lawrence Seaway opened, it was considered deep water. Nerfer (talk) 20:41, 29 April 2015 (UTC)

twin cities

i think duluth has 5 twin cities , because in last couple years a delegation in this city came to our town , and in kurdish media declared duluth as twin city of ranya, iraq. for more information visit

• http://www.lakevoicenews.org/citizen-diplomats-build-community-between-duluth-and-iraq/
• http://www.ekurd.net/mismas/articles/misc2010/9/state4244.htm
• http://en.wiki.x.io/wiki/Ranya

so i want more info. about it. best wishes Twana.ismail (talk) 13:26, 26 July 2012 (UTC)

A bit of Duluth history was added today that I was not aware of:

You mean sister cities, not twin cities. Particularly in MN, that has a different meaning. Nerfer (talk) 20:11, 29 April 2015 (UTC)

Nicholas Cage

Duluth's Park Point is a beautiful site, jutting into Lake Superior just off the eastern banks of Duluth. It is a 5 mile strip of land with one main road and enough room to hold houses to either side of the road. The land is noted to host a large bunny population near it's eastern tip. On April 3, 2012 the bunnies were faced with grave danger from Duluth's large number of migrating hawks. The hawks came by the thousands and would swoop down and pick up the bunnies for an afternoon meal. Duluth recognized the problem and called in an expert to the situation. Nicholas Cage showed up and with his brute force and incredible acting abilities, he dressed up as a mountaineer with a Daniel Boone hat and shot down the hawks one by one, tearing their heads off in attempt to ward off any approaching hawks. After three days of fending off hawks Duluth suffered nearly 1,300 losses to their bunny population, but after 8 days of mating, the bunnies replaced that number ten fold. Legend has it that if one looks closely at a bunny's face, they can see a faint image of Nicholas Cage. Gandydancer (talk) 13:22, 7 October 2012 (UTC)

Good Article renomination

I think this article may be good to be renominated for Good Article status. Any thoughts? djr13 (talk) 12:15, 22 December 2012 (UTC)

As a perfect example of Boosterism enacted on Wikipedia? Hence, as I have said, sir, I was utterly at a loss to determine where the terminus of this great and indispensable road should be, until I accidentally overheard some gentleman the other day mention the name of “Duluth.” Duluth! The word fell upon my ear with peculiar and indescribable charm, like the gentle murmur of a low fountain stealing forth in the midst of roses, or the soft, sweet accents of an angel’s whisper in the bright, joyous dream of sleeping innocence. Duluth! ’Twas the name for which my soul had panted for years, as the hart panteth for the water brooks. [3] Tiptoethrutheminefield (talk) 17:50, 6 August 2017 (UTC)

Permanent settlement history

It seems this section needs to be cleaned up a little & made more coherent. It doesn't progress in time very well, doesn't mention who/when was the first settler, and when the city was officially established (are the 11 villages mentioned now part of the city?) and when did the railroad connect to Duluth. In addition, there is an apparent error in this section: "In 1869–1870, Duluth was the fastest growing city in the country and was expected to surpass Chicago in size in only a few years.[citation needed] ... (skipping an inserted line about railroads) ... Duluth's population on New Year's Day in 1869 consisted of fourteen families; by the Fourth of July, 3,500 people were present to celebrate. " I find it hard to believe that the population in 1869 was only 14 families. Nerfer (talk) 20:06, 28 April 2015 (UTC)

First pic

Photo in info box is half sky. Sca (talk) 21:43, 28 July 2015 (UTC)

Rail

Some mention is warranted of the Lake Superior Railroad Museum. Sca (talk) 21:47, 28 July 2015 (UTC)

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Recent deletions

I have returned the long-standing geology information as I do not feel that it needs to be cut. Re the photo:

The Lake Superior Railroad Museum is located in the old Duluth railroad station. The museum has seven steam, fourteen diesel and two electric locomotives, and over 40 other pieces of rolling stock. The collection includes the William Crooks, which became the first locomotive to operate in the state of Minnesota in 1861, and the Duluth, Missabe and Iron Range Railway Number 227, a "Yellowstone" locomotive which was among the largest steam engines to ever operate. Only 18 Yellowstones were ever built, and Duluth exhibits one of the only three that remain.

I can't understand your position. Considering the above information and considering the history of railroads together with a seaport in Duluth make the photo appropriate for this article IMO. Gandydancer (talk) 09:45, 30 May 2018 (UTC)

@Gandydancer: First, I trimmed excessive detail about the geology of the area, keeping only information related to Duluth. Excessive unrelated detail unbalances the article, per WP:UNDUE, and should be placed into a separate article.

Original text:

The geology of Duluth demonstrates the Midcontinent Rift, formed as the North American continent (Laurentia) began to split apart about 1.1 billion years ago. Continental rifting is a recurring process in the history of the earth that leads to break-up of continents and the formation of ocean basins. In the Lake Superior region, the upwelling of molten rock may have been the result of a hot spot that produced a dome over the Lake Superior area. As the earth's crust thinned, magma rose toward the surface. When insulated by overlying roof rock, the upwelling magma cooled slowly, and is therefore coarse-grained. These intrusions formed a sill some 16 km thick, primarily of gabbro, which is known as the Duluth Complex. In the areas where the rising magma erupted to the surface and cooled rapidly, basalt, the extrusive equivalent of gabbro, was formed.

The Duluth area displays all elements of these geological events. The lava flows that erupted forming basalt are exposed along the shore northeastward from downtown and at Leif Erickson Park. The deeply-formed igneous intrusions of the Duluth Complex can be seen at Enger Tower, which is built on a knob of exposed gabbro.

The lava flows formed the conditions for the creation of Lake Superior agates. As the lava solidified, gas trapped within the flows formed an amygdaloidal texture (literally, rock filled with small vesicles). Later, groundwater transported dissolved minerals through the vesicles depositing concentric bands of fine-grained quartz called chalcedony. The color scheme is caused by the concentration of iron present in the groundwater at the time that each new layer was being deposited. The process went on until the cavity had been completely filled. Over time erosion freed the agates from the solidified lava, which is not as hard as quartz.

The creation of the Lake Superior basin reflects the erosive power of continental glaciers that advanced and retreated over Minnesota several times in the past 2 million years. Lake Superior was shaped by the geology of the Midcontinent Rift. The mile-thick ice sheets easily eroded the loosely cemented sandstone that filled the axis of the rift valley, but encountered more resistance from the igneous rocks forming the flanks of the rift, now the margins of the lake basin. In the final retreat of the ice from the Lake Superior basin about 11,000 years ago, meltwaters filled the rift's scoured-out sandy core. As the last glacier retreated, meltwaters filled the lake to as high as 500 feet above the current level; the Skyline Parkway roughly follows one of the highest levels of the ancient Lake Superior, Glacial Lake Duluth.

The sandstone that buried the igneous rocks of the rift is exposed near Fond du Lac. At one time a large number of quarries produced the stone, sold as Fond du Lac or Lake Superior brownstone. It was widely used in Duluth buildings and also shipped to Minneapolis, Chicago, and Milwaukee, where it was also used extensively. The weathered sandstone forms the sandy lake bottom and shores of Park Point.

Trimmed text:

The geology of Duluth demonstrates the Midcontinent Rift, formed as the North American continent (Laurentia) began to split about 1.1 billion years ago. As lava flows rose toward the surface, a unique rock formation formed in this area, known as the Duluth Complex. Volcanic rock known as basalt is exposed along the Lake Superior shore northeastward of downtown Duluth, at Leif Erickson Park, and at Enger Tower, which is built on a knob of exposed gabbro.

The creation of the Lake Superior basin reflects the erosive power of continental glaciers that advanced and retreated over Minnesota several times in the past two million years. The Skyline Parkway in Duluth roughly follows one of the highest levels of the ancient Lake Superior, Glacial Lake Duluth.

The sandstone that buried the igneous rocks of the rift is exposed near Fond du Lac. At one time a large number of quarries produced the stone, sold as Fond du Lac or Lake Superior brownstone. It was widely used in Duluth buildings and also shipped to Minneapolis, Chicago, and Milwaukee, where it was also used extensively. The weathered sandstone forms the sandy lake bottom and shores of Park Point.

This Pullman sleeping car, original to the William Crooks locomotive, is on display at the lake Superior Railroad Museum

Second, I removed the photo and caption of the passenger car shown on the right. Is this an actual photo of the same passenger car on display at the Lake Superior Railroad Museum? Their website says nothing about having a Pullman Sleeping Car #9 in their collection, nor does this text which accompanies the image. Regardless, MOS:IMAGES discusses the need for images to be relevant, and not merely decorative, as the image shows nothing of Duluth, or even the museum it is found in. The input of others would be appreciated. Thank you. Magnolia677 (talk) 12:01, 30 May 2018 (UTC)

References

I really do appreciate your input. I have added a different photo and a new ref re the William Crooks locomotive. Re the "Yellowstone" info, that is from our Yellowstone article, though there are no refs. It has been so long since I worked on this article I don't remember where I got the idea that the museum had a sleeper car but I'm guessing that you are correct from what I now read.

Re the geology section, I must admit that I do love geology! and have added what I found to be interesting. Would you consider including the info re Lake Superior agates? Gandydancer (talk) 14:47, 30 May 2018 (UTC)

Bob Dylan

I know notable people are not generally included in the main article, but I'm surprised to see no mention at all of Duluth's world-famous Nobel prize winner. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2A02:C7D:32ED:800:C54F:A924:93D3:80DA (talk) 11:01, 3 September 2018 (UTC)

Agate photo

Duluth is extremely unique in that agates are very easy to find by both casual and serious "rock hounds". To have one example of an agate as found on the beach or elsewhere and one example of a sliced rock to show the rounds of color, as explained in the copy, is not at all excessive. I am returning the photo. Gandydancer (talk) 18:06, 27 March 2020 (UTC)

Unhelpful

User:Magnolia677, the Ojibwe people are discussed in this article because they made birch bark canoes. I will have to wait until tomorrow to restore this image, however I would like you to know that I have no intention of embarking on another round of RFCs to defend this article. My health will not allow me to comment further. -SusanLesch (talk) 18:31, 27 March 2020 (UTC)

@SusanLesch: Many Indian tribes in Canada and the US made birch bark canoes. Adding a picture of two unknown people in an unknown body of water paddling a birch bark canoe is merely decorative, as would adding a photo of a random automobile someplace and writing "this is similar to the cars people drove in Duluth in the 1940s". Are you able to locate a photo of the early Indians that was actually taken in Duluth? Thank you. Magnolia677 (talk) 18:56, 27 March 2020 (UTC)

@Magnolia677: I was able to find only one image with a canoe that appears to have been taken on the Saint Louis River, and thus could be said to have been made in Duluth per se. Instead I decided to use a photo from Minnesota Point which is clearly in Duluth. -SusanLesch (talk) 20:52, 29 March 2020 (UTC)

Magnolia, "Edit warring is unconstructive and creates animosity between editors, making consensus harder to reach." I would have appreciated any communication on this talk page before your revert. -SusanLesch (talk) 16:45, 30 March 2020 (UTC)

Magnolia your behavior here is absolutely unacceptable. You have mocked me and have made sarcastic comments about my editing and now you have removed, without discussion, a perfectly good photo. I think that the photo is excellent and I have returned it. Gandydancer (talk) 17:07, 30 March 2020 (UTC)

Agate photos

Duluth is locally famous for agates. I believe that it should have a photo of an agate the way it would be found on the lake shore or in road cuts for the attractions section. The other photo shows the red bands from a cut agate that show how it was gradually formed from calcite deposits. Duluth is especially well-known for the red-banded type--the red is from the high iron found on the well-named "Iron Range" area of Minnesota. Gandydancer (talk) 16:06, 28 March 2020 (UTC)

@Gandydancer: I went to the Visit Duluth website and searched for "agate". Nothing. Then I went to the City of Duluth website and searched for "agate". Nothing. Then I tried searching two tourism pages at the Chamber of Commerce [4] and [5] for "agate". Nothing. So I tried the history page at the Chamber of Commerce. Nothing. Could it be that you "do love geology! and have added what I found to be interesting", and this is the reason you have added three close-up pictures of rocks and a colossal five paragraph essay about the geology of the Midwest? Thank you. Magnolia677 (talk) 16:48, 28 March 2020 (UTC)

Please note that you were the one to end our earlier exchange, not I. I thanked you for your input and was more than willing at that time to work with you to achieve an agreeable presentation for our article. You have included some of the sites where you did not find a mention of agates. On the other hand, please note that the Lake Superior agate is the Minnesota state gemstone. As such, a more extensive inclusion is reasonable for our article, though as I was some time ago and of now am more than willing to work with you on some trimming. For now I will return the long-standing version. Gandydancer (talk) 18:04, 28 March 2020 (UTC)

@Gandydancer: This article isn't about Minnesota, it's about Duluth. Please seek consensus before bloating the article with unrelated text. Magnolia677 (talk) 18:26, 28 March 2020 (UTC)

Here's a trick. Try Google. Believe it or not, I recommend them. They got me an A in computer networking around 1999. -SusanLesch (talk) 21:15, 28 March 2020 (UTC)

@ Magnolia677 I try to not become irritated with your statements such as telling me to quit "bloating the article" with information regarding agates, but it is not easy. This article is about Duluth, Minnesota and if the state gemstone is found in Duluth it is related and appropriate to include some information here. As for your what seems to be mocking me about my love of geology, yes, guilty as charged. Long-since retired, but I still always do have "rocks in my pockets" as I have all my life. Maybe you don't but a lot of people do. If people like you don't care about the history of the Duluth landscape and if everything looks like "just rocks" to them, they can skip the geology section. But a lot of people are like me and they would be interested in this section. I have included geology in many of the numerous articles that I have worked on and none of them have been criticized or deleted. Gandydancer (talk) 17:22, 29 March 2020 (UTC)

@Gandydancer: If you want to add information about your hobbies to Wikipedia, that's great. Just be mindful not to unbalancing articles with out-of-scope content. Or maybe just start a Facebook page (Rocks in Duluth?) This article has been passed over for "good article" status more than once. Maybe it's time for a cleanup. Magnolia677 (talk) 18:10, 29 March 2020 (UTC)

Gichi-Ode' Akiing

Maybe someone familiar with the area could add Gichi-Ode' Akiing, the new name for Lake Place Park. Just an idea. -SusanLesch (talk) 16:02, 29 March 2020 (UTC)

Also, why doesn't this article mention Kechewaishke or Chief Buffalo and Benjamin Armstrong? Sorry I found a startling map. -SusanLesch (talk) 17:59, 29 March 2020 (UTC)

The map is from the US National Archives. Details are in a 2015 ethnographic study of Duluth. I suppose it is possible that these details were not widely known before. -SusanLesch (talk) 21:05, 29 March 2020 (UTC)

Susan, I am reading Duluth historical article that you have offered. It is very long and I don't think has a lot for this article but never the less it is VERY interesting and I'm really enjoying it. I worked on the gandy dancer article and used a lot of info from a woman that did a documentary on them, and perhaps caught the very last ones living who could give a first-hard report of a historical time in our country. This Duluth effort to preserve history before it is gone forever is quite similar. Thanks for posting it. I will post again when I have read it all. Gandydancer (talk) 16:58, 30 March 2020 (UTC) PS: BTW, I have learned one thing...the photo you added with the teepees is just how they are talked about in the historical account in that they are covered with birch bark, and the pines that grew on Minnesota point were bare of branches at the bottom of the trunks. Gandydancer (talk) 17:35, 30 March 2020 (UTC)

Gandydancer, wow thank you! I learned what a gandy dancer is! -SusanLesch (talk) 14:02, 31 March 2020 (UTC)

Yes!, and thank you too for your research. Yesterday I learned that many years ago when my mom (one of the early Duluth teachers college graduates) read to me, "'On the shores of Gitche Gumee, Of the shining Big-Sea-Water, Stood Nokomis..." which included the lines, "hush the naked bear will get thee" (or something like that), we just loved and laughed and laughed about a "naked bear". Susan, thank you so much for your enthusiasm about not only our American history but the history of those that lived here for many years before we invaded their beloved land. Gandydancer (talk) 15:15, 31 March 2020 (UTC)

File:Mural at Gichi-Ode' Akiing Park.jpg

After I clear the backlog out of my sandbox I plan to write up the Lake Place Park. Sharon Mollerus who took some of the other photos here made a nice one of the Chief Buffalo Memorial. -SusanLesch (talk) 20:59, 31 March 2020 (UTC)

Please undo yourself

@Joey1niner: Your trimming of the section on Gichi-Ode' Akiing is fine however it leaves the reader with no way to understand what happened. It is factually inaccurate to say that Kechewaishke died a year after signing the treaty of 1842. Please undo yourself. I'll wait until this evening to revert your changes. -SusanLesch (talk) 15:09, 5 April 2020 (UTC)

Joey1niner, I undid your trimming. Please be more careful when you cut other people's text. There were four mistakes here:

• Lake Place Park is not known as Buffalo Tract
• Duluth City Council did not approve this as an attraction in 2018
• The attraction is not a memorial to a treaty
• Kechewaishke did not sign a treaty in 1842 a year before he died. He died in 1855.

Thank you. Now I'll see about trimming down my text. -SusanLesch (talk) 23:04, 5 April 2020 (UTC)

Possible removal of images

The input of other editors would be appreciated regarding removal of several low-quality, out-of-scope, or duplicate images in this article, per MOS:IMAGES.

• Out-of-scope and decorative images:

• 
  The description on this poor quality image states "Ojibwa women in their canoe on the Saint Louis River". The Saint Louis River is 192 miles long, and there is nothing to support that this photo was taken anywhere near Duluth.
• 
  A grassy knoll

• Does the article need four photos of the lift bridge?

• 
• 
• 
• 

• Does the article need four photos of the skyline and harbor?

• 
• 
• 
• 

• Does the article need two photos of rocks?

• 
  Caption"Large anorthosite xenolith in ophitic ilmenite gabbro, Duluth Complex, Keene Creek East Skyline Parkway roadcut, Duluth, Minnesota"
• 

Thank you for your input. Magnolia677 (talk) 16:11, 5 April 2020 (UTC)

• @Magnolia677: Instead of asserting that MOS:IMAGES says something it does not say, what would you think of presenting your ideas at WikiProject Cities and helping write a guideline? I asked you this question in December 2019. -SusanLesch (talk) 16:34, 5 April 2020 (UTC)

I have no problem with these photos and look forward to Magnolia's participation in writing a guideline if he wants to remove them. The photo of the gull isn't my favorite but when I think about it the sailboat is fine. The picture of Minnesota Point (labeled "a grassy knoll" above) looks very much like Minnesota to me. I've driven through the state and seen the banana-colored grass and loved it. Maybe you've heard of the television networks trying to hire people with a Midwestern accent because they are considered to be widely acceptable. This photo does a similar job and is poetically likeable. There is no reason except somebody's personal preference to remove any of these photos. -SusanLesch (talk) 18:38, 7 April 2020 (UTC)

• The grassy knoll should be removed as it doesn't give a good indication of what Minnesota Point is. It's purely decorative in this case. The gull image shows neither the sailboat nor the gull particularly well so it should also be removed - it's a clear example of what the first section of the MOS says to avoid. The view of the Great Lakes Aquarium with the Lift Bridge in the background is a similar case, as it doesn't show the aquarium it's intended to represent as well as it does the bridge, so I would remove that as well.

  The remaining bridge images are relevant enough to the sections that they're in to be kept. The first two downtown images are in the infobox and show two very different angles; I think both give a good illustration of the city to a reader and having both in the infobox is neither excessive nor obtrusive in my opinion. The 2017 panorama I'm not sure about. It's unquestionably decorative where it's currently placed. It's a nice image, but I'm not sure what it can add to the article. The image of the Ojibwe women in the canoe doesn't seem to relate closely enough to Duluth specifically, and in fact were it not for the caption stating that it's on the St. Louis River, it wouldn't appear related at all.

  The rock formation on Skyline Parkway is a fair example of the area's geology, so it should remain. The agate image does illustrate the adjacent text, but it's also the lead image on Lake Superior agate and the article is a bit overwhelmed with images in that part of the page, so I'm unsure on that one. --Sable232 (talk) 17:08, 5 April 2020 (UTC)

• Keep woman in canoe. The Ojibwe are known for their birch bark canoes and the vintage photo is almost certain to have been taken in the section of the river where it drains into Duluth. The history of Duluth is important to the article and the photo is important for the article. When one looks for vintage photos it is not realistic to expect them to say exactly what the location is. For example, look at the Chicago article and note the photo that they use to show the Native Americans. BTW, I see nothing wrong with the quality of the photo.
• I think that the sand dunes photo could be replaced with one that shows the dunes and beach better(we do have several choices).
• I'd keep the bridges. One shows the bridge as one looks down the channel at it. One shows the bridge with the crossing down. One of them is not the bridge but a very lovely photo of a ship coming out of the harbor. The fourth photo is from the aquarium section and the bridge is in the background. It does not distract from the photo but rather adds to it.
• Keep the sailboat in the harbor. The section mentions that Duluth has a sailing club and race and is considered a world class sailing site. The photo is just fine and the bird does not distract in the least.
• Keep both photos in the geology section. Considering that the Lake Superior agate is the state gem and the cut agate shows the bands and colors as is explained in the article.
• I don't care for the first two skyline photos. The long one is interesting in the geography section. Gandydancer (talk) 01:55, 7 April 2020 (UTC)

• Some comments:

• Keep the women and child in the bark canoe. We cannot apply 21st-century quality standards to a 19th-century frontier photograph. The artisanship in the canoe and clothing shows through the deficiencies in the image. It demonstrates a way life that once existed in the area.
• The so-called "grassy knoll" does no harm, but if there is a better picture of dunes, use it instead.
• The geology section can accommodate two images, and both of these are useful.
• I agree we do not need all the panoramas. I don't see that the 2017 view is useful.

• The image to the right is not of a ship, but an Army Corps of Engineers work barge,[6] and its tug.

Kablammo (talk) 22:52, 8 April 2020 (UTC)

Metro area boundaries

Why is the entirety of St Louis County considered part of the Duluth metro area? Duluth is closer to Minneapolis and St Paul than the top of the county, and most of the county is empty. Malcolmmwa (talk) 22:44, 9 December 2021 (UTC)

We might as well just consider Duluth to be part of the Twin Cities. It makes about as much sense. Malcolmmwa (talk) 22:44, 9 December 2021 (UTC)

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion

The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion:

• Clayton-Jackson-McGhie-memorial-Duluth-Minnesota.jpg

Participate in the deletion discussion at the nomination page. —Community Tech bot (talk) 00:22, 17 January 2022 (UTC)

Not a real photo?

Current photo

Photo in question

This file has been reverted because it is not a "real photo". What is the evidence that suggests that it is not "real"? I believe that it is an improvement over the previous photo. Sectionworker (talk) 16:40, 22 January 2022 (UTC)

This appears to be an illustration/drawing, but I guess I'm not completely sure. Whereas the file you replaced it with is obviously an actual photograph. If there's ever an option for a real photograph of the subject (in this case a bridge in its earlier form) or an illustration/drawing of some kind, always go with the photograph as long as the subject can be clearly made out. I know they did have color photos back then which is why I'm not sure, but zooming in on the picture, to me it looks like an illustration. Perhaps we could multi-image it. I just don't want to be too excessive with the multi-images. This will be the article's third now, however, it is a long article and all the multi-images for the most part do seem to be warranted and of value. I'll make the change and see if any other editors object or have input on whether the image above is colorized or drawn. Thanks. ~ Flyedit32 (talk) 20:38, 25 January 2022 (UTC)

Looks to me like it is a photographic image of a passenger vessel that has been artificially added to the photograph of the ship canal (the early 20th century version of Photoshopping) and then touched up with pencil. It's clearly not an authentic picture (for one thing, the passenger ship is much too small). I agree we should stick with unmanipulated version. Jrt989 (talk) 20:53, 25 January 2022 (UTC)

Agreed. I don't think the other photo is all that necessary either. Thanks. ~ Flyedit32 (talk) 21:13, 25 January 2022 (UTC)

The postcard image on the right is unnecessary and decorative. Magnolia677 (talk) 21:44, 25 January 2022 (UTC)

Two new photos

I have replaced two of the lead photos. One shows the beach sand and water rather than mostly grass. The canal photo shows a ship entering the harbor, and a pretty impressive one at that:

"My wife and I were in Duluth celebrating our 3rd wedding anniversary this past weekend. We went to visit Enger Tower at the top of the hill in Duluth where you have a breathtaking view of the Duluth-Superior Harbor. While we were there, we watch the MV Paul R. Tregurtha plow through the late season ice and come through the Duluth Ship Canal. I’d never watched a ship come in from this high vantage point. Very cool! The Tregurtha is currently the “Queen of the Lakes”, meaning she is the largest vessel currently in operation on the Great Lakes. She was completed in 1981 and is 1013 feet and 6 inches long. She was in Duluth to refuel and pick up a load of coal from the Midwest Energy terminal." Sectionworker (talk) 18:05, 22 January 2022 (UTC)

My photo choice has been changed without discussion. I do not see the change as an improvement. Park Point has been called Duluth's playground and it is the sandy beach and water that best represent that, not a tree and grass. It is the longest sand spit in the world, so we should see some sand. Sectionworker (talk) 23:34, 24 January 2022 (UTC)

@Sectionworker: Could you post the photos here to make it easier. Thanks. Magnolia677 (talk) 23:46, 24 January 2022 (UTC)

The two images on left are the current images; the two images on the right are the proposed images

How are my photo choices not an improvement? The pictures I chose are higher def, clearer, better quality, show the exact same subjects, about the same size but closer in on its subjects as to make them easier to see, less clutter, and allow for a slightly more trimmed caption. Plus, the drone photo in the montage already shows much of what your choice for a ship photo shows (the bridge, ship canal entrance, part of canal park, part of bayfront etc). Additionally, we shouldn't be highlighting a named-ship (even if it's the longest on the great lakes) in the lead montage anyway - the article is about Duluth not the freighters that come through it. And on the case of Park Point, I think you're getting too hung up on the topic of sand. What's more important for a lead collage is the resolution and quality of photos and its depiction of the subjects at hand, not a simple single material within the photo. Thanks. ~ Flyedit32 (talk) 02:08, 25 January 2022 (UTC)

I will suggest a compromise. How about using your ship photo and my beach photo? I don't think grass and a tree are a good representative of Park Point. Sectionworker (talk) 04:53, 25 January 2022 (UTC)

Completed. The sizing works too. Thanks. ~ Flyedit32 (talk) 18:07, 25 January 2022 (UTC)

And thank you. Could you also take a look at the above post and explain why you believe that the vintage photo I added to replace the one that shows only the bridge is not "real" and is in fact a drawing. It may be a color photo as they did have color in those days or it could be tinted, which would not be a reason to not use it when one is speaking of the history of the bridge and showing it before it was converted to a lift bridge. Sectionworker (talk) 19:36, 25 January 2022 (UTC)

Jay Cooke State Park

I am surprised that an editor would remove a long-standing section without a talk page discussion. If we wonder how RS treats the park we find that the Zenith City Press includes it in their list of Duluth parks.[7] Sectionworker (talk) 08:43, 26 January 2022 (UTC)

Photo placement

Placing all photos on the right does not improve an article. See Minneapolis, Minnesota, a featured article, and note how about half of the photos are on the left. I moved two and more should be moved as well. Sectionworker (talk) 09:36, 26 January 2022 (UTC)

@Sectionworker: When I moved most (not all) the images to the right side of the page yesterday, I left the edit summary "resize/right-align images, per MOS:IMAGES". If you read that guideline, you will see that a consensus of editors have agreed on the following: "Most images should be on the right side of the page, which is the default placement." Could you please explain why you feel this "does not improve the article". Thank you. Magnolia677 (talk) 14:38, 26 January 2022 (UTC)

It says most, not all. I have worked with or seen the work of some of our best editors and they place some images on the left. For example, the photo of a bird looks better if it is flying into the page rather than out of it. In this article the Park Point horse and carriage look better entering the page. I mentioned the Mpls article and the fussiest stickler for WP policy that I know reviewed it and gave recommendations and if the photo placement was not correct she would have said so. Sectionworker (talk) 16:29, 26 January 2022 (UTC)

@Sectionworker: Ah. What about this picture, placed on the left, where the people are facing the wrong way? Could you just fix it please. Thanks. Magnolia677 (talk) 23:12, 26 January 2022 (UTC)

No, it is correctly placed. This picture is a depiction of the building and the small hardly noticeable person seen walking has no bearing on the photo as a whole. The building is seen correctly opening out onto the page. If you need more examples look perhaps at the two ghost towns that a brand new editor brought to FAs, Elcore and Manganese. It goes without saying that he had plenty of coaching along the way and if his pics were not properly placed they would have told him. Sectionworker (talk) 20:17, 27 January 2022 (UTC)

@Sectionworker: I moved the picture of the horse back to the right, per MOS:IMAGELOCATION. It was unnecessarily pushing a section heading to the right. Also, is there a consensus someplace stating the exceptions to MOS:IMAGELOCATION? Magnolia677 (talk) 16:07, 29 January 2022 (UTC)

I removed the unneeded heading and it is an improvement. Once again, checking numerous FA articles you will find that there are numerous photos placed on the left. You should not keep moving photos to the right just because it is your personal choice. MOS does not say that all photos must be on the right. Sectionworker (talk) 23:09, 29 January 2022 (UTC)

BTW, I just counted the L to R photo placement and found that 35 are on the R with only 7 on the left. I am growing so weary of this constant refusal to admit that most FAs do put some to the L -- in fact all of the articles that I looked at.Sectionworker (talk) 23:56, 29 January 2022 (UTC)

Having too many left-aligned images causes the text to "zig-zag" down the page, diminishing readability.

Some FAs having left-aligned images is a red herring. Have FA reviewers failed an article because all images were aligned to the right? --Sable232 (talk) 00:45, 30 January 2022 (UTC)

Duluth Superior Port photos

I added a new section and since one of the photos I've added was deleted twice, saying: There are six images of freighters in the article. This image is decorative; please seek a consensus to add more photos of ships. I will copy it here as I would like to see it with two photos:

Port of Duluth-Superior

Lake freighter Algoma Quebecois entering the Duluth harbor

At the western end of the Saint Lawrence Seaway, the Duluth–Superior port is North America's largest and farthest-inland freshwater port. By far the largest and busiest on the Great Lakes, the port handles an average of 46 million short tons (42,000,000 t) of cargo and over 1,100 visits each year from domestic and international vessels. With 49 miles (79 km) of waterfront, it is one of North America's leading bulk cargo ports and ranks among the top 20 ports in the U.S. Duluth is a major shipping port for taconite pellets, made from concentrated low-grade iron ore and destined for midwestern and eastern steel mills. The arrival schedule of the ships that pass under the bridge is available, and locals and visitors gather to watch them enter the harbor. Despite their size, large sections of the Great Lakes freeze over in winter, interrupting most shipping from January to March.

MV Apollon, registered in Greece

Two types of ships regularly enter the port, the lakers and the salties. The lakers, which comprise over 90% of the port traffic, are the larger cargo ships built specially to sail the Great Lakes, with the largest ones over 1,000 feet long. They are mostly self-unloaders, with a long boom mounted on the upper deck. Their traffic is limited to the Great Lakes because they are too large to fit through the St. Lawrence Seaway.

The salties are smaller ships with a maximum size of 740 feet. Typically they have sharply cutaway bows as compared to the lakers' vertical bows, and a series of cranes rising above their decks. They are small enough to navigate the St. Lawrence Seaway. Other than their size they can also be identified by their color, often blue, red, or green, while the lakers are generally black or rust.

Now, reading the above about the importance of shipping today and reading our article about the history of shipping in Duluth:

During the 20th century, the Port of Duluth was for a time the busiest port in the United States, surpassing even New York City in gross tonnage. Lake freighters carried iron ore through the Great Lakes to processing plants in Illinois and Ohio. Ten newspapers, six banks and an 11-story skyscraper, the Torrey Building, were founded and built. As of 1905, Duluth was said to be home to the most millionaires per capita in the United States.

I won't go into a discussion to argue that the tourist makeover of Duluth would never have happened without the Great Lakes and the harbor, the ships from all around the world, the related museums, Glensheen mansion, and on and on. No Leif Erickson park and no rose garden with that ship passing by. If the article actually has six ships that would not be too many. That lake and ocean traffic are the life blood of Duluth. The shipping section I added improves the article and two photos demonstrate an important difference in large vessels which was new information to me and something that I think will interest our readers as well. Looking through what we've got, the one in the lead--it's a good one showing a ship coming in and includes a view of the light house. Next is a vintage ore docks from around 1900 with some freighters at dock. The next is a more recent freighter in the Economy section and it is a really lovely photo. Next is the rose garden with a ship passing by in the background--how many rose gardens have that? So, adding one from the shipping section I count five. Where is the sixth one?

Perhaps if you are so bothered by the ships in the article we could use the other rose garden photo without a ship. If you still continue to insist on deleting the second ship in the Duluth port section we will need to ask for some outside opinions. Sectionworker (talk)

The editor chooses to not reply. I shall return the photo. Sectionworker (talk) 23:26, 29 January 2022 (UTC)

The photo has again been removed by a second editor without discussion. Sectionworker (talk) 14:43, 30 January 2022 (UTC)

Photos returned per consensus

I am returning two photos per previous consensus. The woman in a canoe was removed with the comment A tiny portion of the St. Louise River runs through Duluth; there is nothing indicating this photo was taken anywhere near Duluth. Decorative, low-quality image. There also was no consensus to remove the agate from the geology section but I will replace it with the smaller uncut one that is not in the lead of the agate article. Please read the opinions on these photos in the discussion above. Sectionworker (talk) 14:29, 28 January 2022 (UTC)

Rock photos

There are two pictures of rocks in the "Geological history" section. The closeup image should be removed, as it is decorative and not particularly relevant or significant to this article about a large US city, per MOS:IMAGERELEVANCE. Readers wishing to see closup pictures of this rock can visit Lake Superior agate, which is linked in the article. The input of others would be appreciated. Magnolia677 (talk) 12:37, 30 January

2022 (UTC)

OK, first off let's get our terminology correct. If one understands anything at all about geology one knows that geologists look at rock formations to tell the history of how our earth looks today in the present. That is what the "rock" in the first picture does. It shows a large rock surrounded by other rock of a totally different composition. It has nothing to do with agates.

Lake Superior agate, found on the shores of Lake Superior in Duluth

As for the second photo (note that the size has been scaled down in the article) you really should quit calling it a "rock". The correct term is gemstone. Gemstones are not everywhere. For example we all know that most diamonds are found in Africa and only a few other places. Same thing for agates. This one was found right in Duluth. Not surprisingly, it is the Minnesota state gemstone. I think that our readers increase their knowledge of how the agates in the Duluth area were formed and how they look before being cut and polished. This is what our encyclopedia is for -- it is here to explain things and increase our readers knowledge. That's what I use it for and that is reflected in my editing. Sectionworker (talk) 14:34, 30 January 2022 (UTC)

Also note that in the previous discussion there was a consensus to keep both photos. Sectionworker (talk) 15:10, 30 January 2022 (UTC)

Surfing section

This section has been removed saying that the surfing was not done in Duluth. Here is an article on the Duluty surfing [8] If one understands anything at all about surfing one knows that surfers wait for information on where the waves are just right for surfing. They watch and they network wave conditions to those in their group. When I lived on the Big Sur coast I learned that conditions for high waves with an area where surfers could get onto a beach in that area happened perhaps only once a year, I forget what month it was. This is the same for as in Duluth where surfers inform each other and drive up to a place where they have access to the coast. Please return this section. Sectionworker (talk) 15:00, 30 January 2022 (UTC)

@Sectionworker: If your source supports that surfing occurs in Duluth, please add information to the article. What was deleted was unsourced text, and information about surfing outside of Duluth. Magnolia677 (talk) 15:49, 30 January 2022 (UTC)

I haven't read it for quite some time but I thought it was sourced. Please return the text and I'll see what I can do with it to make RS for the copy. Sectionworker (talk) 14:46, 31 January 2022 (UTC)

You go right on deleting stuff and not bothering to use this talk page to discuss your edits. The Beargrease starts in Duluth. [9] Sectionworker (talk) 14:37, 1 February 2022 (UTC)

Much as I agree that the way in which certain editors have been deleting content wholesale is unhelpful and disruptive, I have to point out that Billy's Bar is not actually in Duluth. If you look at a map, you'll see it is technically in Rice Lake Township. Jrt989 (talk) 18:15, 1 February 2022 (UTC)

Locals, including the CBS local news station, say it starts at Billy's Bar in Duluth. After all, they could hardly have numerous teams with their sleds and dogs in downtown Duluth getting ready to take off. Sectionworker (talk) 20:59, 1 February 2022 (UTC)

You can see here that Billy's has a Duluth address. [10] Sectionworker (talk) 21:14, 1 February 2022 (UTC)

I have no dog in this fight and don't care if the reference to the John Beargrease race stays in the article or goes. But the bar is physically located in Rice Lake Township--just take a look at Google Maps to confirm. No doubt for convenience and other reasons people refer to the bar as being in Duluth, but it isn't actually. Jrt989 (talk) 21:33, 1 February 2022 (UTC):

Hmmm, I see that Rice Lake was annexed by Duluth until 2015 and the race has been going on for 25 years. Perhaps that gives some help in understanding why it's considered to be Duluth as the start. BTW, nice pun. Sectionworker (talk) 22:08, 1 February 2022 (UTC)

This is very frustrating. Several days ago I asked the editor that deleted the surfing section saying it was not supported by RS to return it while I checked it for RS problems. It had been in the article for several years and in my memory did have RS. Most editors in a situation like this, considering that it was not information that might hurt a person's reputation, etc., would tag the section. And certainly right now while the editor knows that several other editors are doing work on the article. I will return the section and will be upset if it is again deleted considering that it has been a time sink for me and frustrating as well. Sectionworker (talk) 14:19, 5 February 2022 (UTC)

I removed it as a copyright violation.--S Philbrick(Talk) 15:07, 5 February 2022 (UTC)

I returned it before I saw your note here. I will remove it. Please explain. Thanks. Sectionworker (talk) 18:50, 5 February 2022 (UTC)

@Sphilbrick: - The link in your edit summary is to an article which appears to have been copied from Wikipedia, not the other way around. Please elaborate. --Sable232 (talk) 22:15, 5 February 2022 (UTC)

If I may, I will turn this around and ask you to elaborate. But I'll also provide some information that may be helpful. Ensuring that Wikipedia articles do not contain copyright violations is very critical for Wikipedia. When challenging aspect of checking for copyright issues is the possibility that what appears to be a copyright problem is actually a copy of a site that copied from Wikipedia. That may have happened in this case. If you think it did, presumably you have reason for thinking so, thus my request to elaborate. One challenge we have is that there is a tool that searches for potential copyright violations, but despite requests, the programmers have declined to check to see if the duplicate phrases already exist in an existing Wikipedia article. That means there is the potential of identifying matching phrases to an external site without noticing that the external site actually copied from Wikipedia. It is permissible to copy material from one Wikipedia article and use it in another, and while it might seem obvious that this is perfectly acceptable, it is only if proper attribution is provided. Wikipedia material is not public domain, it is licensed under a creative Commons license that REQUIRES attribution. Failure to attribute actually makes it a copyright violation, although the right approach is to provide the attribution rather than to simply remove the material, but that requirement is on the editor adding the material. Please read more at WP:COPYWITHIN which explains the background, explains the proper way of providing edit summaries when copying within Wikipedia, and provides helpful guidance on how to cure the problem if attribution was not provided at the time of the original edit. I'm happy to answer any questions if this is not clear.--S Philbrick(Talk) 01:45, 6 February 2022 (UTC)

Your edit summary seems to be a blog about dogs. The surfing section of the article only used two sources, both Minnesota Public Radio. Perhaps the mention of the gales of November was from the Duluth surfing page as I don't see it in the MPR source so that could be removed. Everything else seems to be OK. Sorry if I'm just not getting it as I know that copy vios are taken quite seriously on WP. Sectionworker (talk) 04:00, 6 February 2022 (UTC)

If one had access to the NYT this article seems to cover the gales of November wording. [11] Sectionworker (talk) 04:50, 6 February 2022 (UTC)

It is not a blog about dogs. The site linked in my edit summary has a picture of a bulldog at the top and a couple references to the Bulldogs, but it is mainly an article about Duluth (whose team mascot is the bulldog). Scroll down or search for "surfing" and you will see the word for word content added to the article.--S Philbrick(Talk) 15:08, 6 February 2022 (UTC)

Yes, what I see is the entire article copied at that site. Why would this cause one to delete only the surfing section of this article? Sectionworker (talk) 16:48, 6 February 2022 (UTC)

@Sectionworker: asked a good question. CopyPatrol is one of the main tools to help editors track down and address copyright issues. It's a very good tool, but like virtually all tools it has some limitations some of which I think could be rectified, but some of which aren't easy to program. The tool looks at recent edits. It doesn't look at the entire article, it looks at the text in the edit. It then compares that text to identify whether it can be found outside Wikipedia (one limitation I mentioned earlier is that it does not check to see if the text can be found within Wikipedia). If the text can be found, either exactly or a close paraphrase, the edit is flagged for manual review. The particular edit that was reviewed is this edit. As you can see, the tool isn't looking at the entire article but the surfing paragraph. The tool identified a source which contained close to the exact wording. I examine the source, first confirming that the text did match. I looked for a copyright notice, and admit that I missed the Wikipedia reference at the bottom of the blog entry. I reverted the addition, explaining why and including a link to the source material, to help in case anyone disagreed, which did happen. I haven't self reverted, because I see someone else alleging that the material is unsourced. That's partly a technical error because the reference added back is malformed, but the editor arguing that it's unsourced made the argument that the reference isn't about Duluth. I disagree, but that's an editorial question and no longer has a copyright question. Please feel free to carry on the discussion with the editor who was concerned about sourcing, and restore the section if that discussion reaches a successful conclusion.--S Philbrick(Talk) 14:49, 7 February 2022 (UTC)

@Sphilbrick:Carry on with the discussion? How I wish that would happen but I have no great hopes as it has so far been absent. This editor has repeatedly deleted entire sections with no talk page note and then ignored talk page sections I started. The John Beargrease race was removed despite numerous RS because this editor said it did not involve Duluth. I added this sentence to the Surfing section in which a filmmaker clearly said the new documentary he was making involved "the Duluth surfing community": "A documentary which chronicles the Duluth surfing community will premiere at the NorShor Theatre in February 2022." and this editor tortured it to read: "A Documentary film maker was "getting back into Duluth" and observed people surfing. He then initiated a documentary about the surfing community, which will premier in 2022." The editor called it " Clean up/copyedit per source". Though its hard to understand what getting back into Duluth might mean, this editor meant to show that the film maker had not yet reached the city. And then the editor changed Duluth surfing community, the wording which was used in the article, to a more generic "surfing community". Frustrating. Sectionworker (talk) 18:27, 8 February 2022 (UTC)

The Blogspot page was created in September 2017. This is the state of this article on August 27, 2017. The surfing section is identical, as are the other parts I checked. It should be clear that the Blogspot article was copied directly from Wikipedia - especially because it clearly says so right at the bottom of the page: Source of the article : Wikipedia.

I would have thought this to be a basic check before deleting content as a copyright violation - indeed, it would have taken less time than composing the condescending lecture above. I have no idea why COPYWITHIN would have anything to do with this situation. --Sable232 (talk) 19:06, 6 February 2022 (UTC)

@Sable232: I'm sorry you felt my response was condescending. I know that many new editors are unfamiliar with COPYWITHIN, and I've learned that even some veteran editors are unfamiliar with the requirement. I'm also very aware that many editors have no idea how the copyright investigation takes place, and given that this edit involved in editor with under 500 edits, I thought it would be helpful to explain the process. You've been around since 2006, yet it seems to have eluded you as to why COPYWITHIN might be relevant. Did I misunderstand what you thought was condescending?--S Philbrick(Talk) 14:56, 7 February 2022 (UTC)

@Sphilbrick: I'm more confused now - are we talking about the same issue? There was a section regarding surfing in this article. You removed it, stating that it was copied from a Blogspot article. Said Blogspot article is actually a direct copy of this Wikipedia article at the time of its writing. An error with a copyvio detection tool is understandable, but I don't see how copying within Wikipedia is pertinent at all - there's no other Wikipedia article involved in this, unless I've missed something? --Sable232 (talk) 22:17, 7 February 2022 (UTC)

A very common reason for false positives is when material added to a page is copied from another article in Wikipedia, and material from that article shows up in some external site. Whenever that happens, COPYWITHIN applies. This particular instance is a rarer example, where the material in question was in this Wikipedia article, remove sometime earlier and now being restored. In such a situation COPYWITHIN appliesdoes not apply, but I hadn't realized that when I made reference to the rule. While that situation can also cause false positives it really trips up copyright review was because most editors know to edit and edit summary saying something along the lines of "restoring material previously and improperly removed".--S Philbrick(Talk) 19:13, 8 February 2022 (UTC)

I think I understand how this mix-up happened now. Thanks for the explanation. --Sable232 (talk) 02:16, 10 February 2022 (UTC)

Where is Billy's?

I removed the section about the "John Beargrease Sled Dog Marathon", because no part of the marathon occurs in Duluth. User:Sectionworker reverted the edit, saying "this race starts at Billy's Bar in Duluth". This trail map confirms that the marathon does indeed start at Billy's, and then heads north. But Billy's isn't Duluth, and heading north from Billy's takes you farther away from Duluth. Here is a GIS centered on Billy's, which clearly shows it is located in Rice Lake, Minnesota (click for more detail; the property is platted in Rice Lake). This map show Duluth's voting districts. On the right of the map is #6 district. Follow to the right from there, to the corner of West Tischer Road and Jean Duluth Road, where Billy's is located, and you will see...well. The input of others would be appreciated. Magnolia677 (talk) 23:24, 1 February 2022 (UTC)

Just noticed the discussion about this above. User:Sectionworker, could you please revert your edit and remove the marathon? Also, could you please take a moment to read WP:OR. Finally, please ping me if you want me to read something. Thanks! Magnolia677 (talk) 23:30, 1 February 2022 (UTC)]]

Just what OR am I doing? You are the one that needs to take a moment to read WP:OR. Every source, including CBS and ABC, states that it is the Duluth John Beargrease sled dog race, not the Rice Lake race. All reports say something like, "started at Billy’s Bar in Duluth". The website says Duluth, not Rice Lake. The dogs meet in Duluth and then gp to the first check point at Billy's. You could have done all this research yourself rather than look at a map and delete the entire section saying it was not in Duluth. User:Magnolia677, it has been reckless and a show of disrespect for your fellow editors to delete any large section of the article without first discussing it on talk. And then you need to follow the discussion rather than complain that you weren't pinged. Sectionworker (talk) 09:36, 2 February 2022 (UTC)

The section has again been removed. How can one say that it's not in Duluth when Billy's has a Duluth address? [12] Sectionworker (talk) 00:01, 3 February 2022 (UTC)

The Duluth John Beargrease Sled Dog Marathon starts in Duluth. While you may want to quibble about property lines and where the city starts and ends, those boundaries don't define the identity of the race. The community defines that identity. The coverage of the race year after year after year from the Twin Ports and the Twin Cities all verify this. Please add the section back, as it is an appropriate section for the city's page. Comm260 ncu (talk) 18:03, 3 February 2022 (UTC)

The above editor is correct. Note here that CBS Minnesota clearly says, " The marathon started at Billy’s Bar in Duluth" when they announced the 2022 winner. [13] If User:Magnolia677 continues to refuse to discuss or revert I will return the section shortly. Sectionworker (talk) 14:44, 3 February 2022 (UTC)

Sailing and rowing section

This edit that I added to the sailing section read:

The Tall Ships Duluth festival is a yearly event that draws an estimated 250,000 or more visitors each year. People gather in Canal park to watch the tall-masted sailing ships pass through the canal and into the Duluth harbor.

Was changed to read:

The Tall Ships Duluth festival attracted an estimated 250,000 people in 2016.

The edit summary read: "Undid revision 1070337566 by Sectionworker (talk) Please remove the unsourced parts of this edit, or find a source to support it. Do not edit war over unsourced content, and stop adding original research."

The ref reads, Duluthians were packed shoulder-to-shoulder along the canal, waving the tall ships in." I don't know how much clearer this could be.

If the editor is perhaps concerned that the event may not be a yearly event I added another ref. Hopefully the deleted copy will be returned. Sectionworker (talk) 00:57, 7 February 2022 (UTC)

References

Two new photos

NCAA Frozen Four — Notre Dame Fighting Irish vs. UMD Bulldogs - 2011

Saara Niemi playing with the Minnesota Duluth Bulldogs - 2010

User:Sectionworker and User:SusanLesch have added these two images.

MOS:IMAGERELEVANCE states that, "Images must be significant and relevant in the topic's context, not primarily decorative."

• The top image is a close-up of two hockey players--one from a Minnesota amateur team--competing in a game at the Xcel Energy Center in Saint Paul, Minnesota, about 140 miles south of Duluth. The photo is decorative and shows nothing of Duluth...the subject of this article.

• The bottom image is a close-up of Saara Niemi, a hockey player from Finland who attended university in Duluth from 2006 to 2010, and played with the Bulldogs while a student. In 2010, she competed for Finland at the Olympics. In 2010-2011, she played for a team in Minneapolis–Saint Paul, after which she headed home to Finland. Not really a "hometown girl". In fact, Niemi would not even meet the criteria to be listed in Duluth's "notable people" section, per WP:USCITIES#Notable people. Thus, a close-up photo of Niemi that shows nothing of Duluth--the subject of this article--is both decorative and irrelevant, and does not act as an "important illustrative aid to understanding".

The input of others would be welcome. Magnolia677 (talk) 00:28, 23 February 2023 (UTC)

You say, The photo is decorative and shows nothing of Duluth...the subject of this article. The section is about Duluth sports so it is very much related to the article. And then you believe that the at-home games are the only important ones. There is no reason to exclude an excellent professional sports photo for that reason. Re the Niemi photo. It's another good one. She played her junior and senior years and then went on to serve as a two-year captain of the team. That seems very noteworthy to me. Sectionworker (talk) 02:26, 23 February 2023 (UTC)

Population Total

I'm a local of Minnesota and recently watched a video discussing the area. I was curious when the youtuber stated the Duluth population to be 288,000 people. I live in the Duluth area and I don't believe the number is anywhere near that. The actual population of Duluth is about 86,000. The neighboring city of Superior, Wisconsin is practically a twin city/suburb of Duluth, but even then Superior is only roughly 26,000 people. There are a handful of suburbs like Proctor, Hermantown, and Oliver, plus neighboring cities (20+ minute drives away) like Cloquet, Esko, Two Harbors and more, but all those cities are only a couple thousand people a piece.

All that to say I tracked YouTubers 288,000 population stat back to the "population" section of this Wikipedia page. It lists the metro population as ~288,000 and the urban population as ~119,000. There doesn't seem to be any annotations related to this other than the census bureau website, where I've been unable to find those figures.

I assume I'm missing something, can somebody inform me where these figures are coming from? Megapete (talk) 05:03, 17 December 2023 (UTC)

The "metro" population refers to the Duluth Metropolitan Statistical Area, which in 2012 encompassed all of St. Louis, Carlton, and Douglas counties (see [14]). The U.S. Census website is terrible and nearly impossible to find information with, but it looks like under the 2020 Census, the Duluth MSA now also includes Lake County.

This is a statistical division; I don't think anyone would consider an area this large to be part of a "Duluth metro" in practical terms. The ranking of 178th next to the population figure does link to an article which shows this, but maybe there's a better way to clarify it without clicking through a link that doesn't readily indicate that it has that information. --Sable232 (talk) 17:57, 17 December 2023 (UTC)

Oh wow, that's incredibly insightful, thanks for the clarification.

To some degree I suppose Duluth does serve as something of "central hub" for large portions of those counties. Logistics for something like shipping to places like that, does often run directly through Duluth. Members of surrounding towns do often make routine trips to Duluth for things like commerce and medical services that are not available in their smaller towns.

Functionally I don't think counting somebody from Spooner, WI or Babbitt, MN towards the metropolitan population of Duluth makes a ton of practical sense, but I do understand how those communities contribute and rely on Duluth in some facets. It feels like a misleading categorization, but with further insight I understand it.

Thanks again for the clarity! Megapete (talk) 18:32, 17 December 2023 (UTC)