This article needs to be updated. (June 2022) |
The Syrian Democratic Council (Kurdish: Meclîsa Sûriya Demokratîk, MSD; Arabic: مجلس سوريا الديمقراطية; Classical Syriac: ܡܘܬܒܐ ܕܣܘܪܝܐ ܕܝܡܩܪܛܝܬܐ, romanized: Mawtbo d'Suriya Demoqraṭoyto) is the political wing of the Syrian Democratic Forces in the Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria (AANES). The SDC's stated mission is working towards the implementation of a "Pluralistic, democratic and decentralized system for all of Syria".[2]
Syrian Democratic Council ܡܘܬܒܐ ܕܣܘܪܝܐ ܕܝܡܩܪܛܝܬܐ Meclîsa Sûriya Demokratîk مجلس سوريا الديمقراطية | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Type | |
| Type | |
| Leadership | |
Co-Chair | Riad Darar, Independent since 25 February 2017 |
Co-Chair | Amina Omar since 16 July 2018 |
| Structure | |
| Seats | 43 |
 | |
Political groups | Democratic Nation List
Opposition (36) |
| Meeting place | |
| Al-Malikiyah, Al-Hasakah Governorate, Syria[1] | |
| Website | |
| Official English Website | |
Establishment and history
edit2015
editThe Syrian Democratic Council was established on 10 December 2015 in Al-Malikiyah.[3][4][5] Prominent human rights activist Haytham Manna was elected co-chair at its founding.[6]
The Assembly that established the Syrian Democratic Council was made up of 13 members from specific ethnic, economic and political backgrounds.[7]
2016
editOn 1 August 2016 the Syrian Democratic Council opened a public office in Hasakah.[8]
On 11 September 2016 the Syria's Tomorrow Movement signed a cooperation agreement with the Syrian Democratic Council and the associated de facto autonomous region of the AANES.[9]
In late September and early October 2016 a forum for the Syrian Democratic Council was held in the town of Rmelan, in the northeastern Hasakah Governorate. Those that attended the conference included a representative from Jableh, in the western Latakia Governorate.[10]
2017
editOn 13 January 2017, a youth constituent assembly was established in Qamishli.[11]
On 25 February 2017, the Assyrian Democratic Party agreed to join the Syrian Democratic Council, and the YPG agreed to hand over security in the Assyrian towns along the Khabur River to the Khabur Guards and Nattoreh which joined the Syrian Democratic Forces.[12][13] On 13 April, PYD forces officially handed over the Khabur valley's villages to the Khabour Guards and Nattoreh, though the YPG kept a military base near Tell Tamer.[14] On the same day, the second conference of the SDC took place in al-Malikiyah and Riad Darar was elected as the co-president of the SDC, replacing Haytham Manna, alongside Îlham Ehmed, who was re-elected.[15]
On 28 May 2017, a female branch of the Syrian Democratic Assembly was established in Al-Shaddadah.[16]
2018
editElections for the council were planned for early 2018, but never held.[17] On 16 July 2018, the Third Conference of SDC was held under the slogan "Towards a Political Solution and Building a Decentralized Democratic Syria" in Al-Tabqa city, where the delegates elected Amina Omar and re-elected Riad Darar as co-chairs of SDC.[18][19] Amina Omar replaced Îlham Ehmed, who was elected co-president of the Executive Council of the AANES,[20]
On 6 September 2018, SDC held a meeting of local councils and autonomous administration departments in north and east Syria at the headquarters of SDC in Ain Issa town, with the participation of Amina Omar, co-chair of SDC, the heads of the civil councils in North Syria and the dignitaries of the Arab tribes, to form an autonomous administration of north and east of Syria on the basis of the decision taken at the third conference of the SDC held on 16 July this year. During the meeting, the 70-member General Council for Autonomous Administration of North, East Syria was formed as follows: 49 members of the legislative councils in the areas of Autonomous Administration and civil councils, and 21 members of the technocrats agreed upon through the preparatory committee and discuss other departments. Mrs. Siham Qariou (Syriac) and Mr. Farid Atti (Kurd) were elected to the joint presidency of the General Council for the Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria, also were elected five members of General Office of the council. Mrs. Berivan Khaled (Khalid) and Abdul Hamid al-Mahbash were elected co-chairmen of Executive Body.[21][22][23][24]
Later, in the meeting held on 3 October 2018, the co-chairs of the nine Authorities of the Executive Council were elected.[25][26]
On October 21, the first meeting of the General Council was held, at which a legal committee of three people was created, whose tasks is to determine laws, concepts and proposals from committees, departments and offices, in addition to studying the laws issued by the council. At the meeting it was decided to hold meetings of the Council twice a month.[27]
Involvement in negotiations on Syria
editWhile the Syrian Democratic Council stressed their desire to participate in the Geneva and Astana talks, they were excluded from both due to Turkish veto.[28][29][30]
Effective 31 January 2018, the SDC is registered in the US as a "foreign political party" under the Foreign Agents Registration Act.[31]
On the Geneva talks, SDC member Bassam Ishak has stated:
As for Iran, Russia, and the Syrian regime, they want the regime to regain control over the territories east of the Euphrates river, and therefore they reject the DAA project and do not want its participation.[32]
Ilham Ehmed, President of the SDC's Executive Council, has said:
AANES seeks to provide a miniature model that present the whole of Syria...What has been achieved in northeastern Syria takes precedence over the Geneva negotiations, because the talks are taking place with Syrians and not between representatives of external parties.[33]
Members of the General Federal Assembly
edit| Name | Party | Alliance | Canton | Notes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Salih El-Nebwanî | Law–Citizenship–Rights Movement (QMH) | ? | ||||
| Haytham Manna | Law–Citizenship–Rights Movement (QMH) | ? | Heysem Menaa (Kurdish Transcription) | |||
| Majid Hebu | Law–Citizenship–Rights Movement (QMH) | ? | Macid Hebo, European Representative of Wheat Wave Movement | |||
| Betar El-Şerih | Honor and Rights Convention (CDR) | ? | ||||
| Meram Dawûd | Honor and Rights Convention (CDR) | ? | ||||
| Ziyad El-Asî | Syrian Democratic Society | TAA | ? | Affiliated to Ahmed Al-Jarba | ||
| Kerîm El-Dîn Fadil Fetûm | Democratic Socialist Arab Ba'ath Party | ? | ||||
| Ebilqadir El-Miwehed | Syrian Democratic Modernity Party | LND | ? | Led by Fîras Qesas | ||
| Parêzer Elaaddin El-Xalid | Syrian National Democratic Alliance | ? | ||||
| Ehmed Ehrec | Syrian National Democratic Alliance | ? | ||||
| Fîdan Berîm | Syrian National Democratic Alliance | ? | Rewan Mihemed | |||
| Ceyhan Khaddro | Syrian National Democratic Alliance | Shahba | Dayr Hafir Representative | |||
| Îşûh Gewriyê | Syriac Union Party (SUP) | LND | Jazira | |||
| Şemîran Şemûn | Syriac Union Party (SUP) | LND | Jazira | |||
| Lawyer Macid Behî | Syriac Union Party (SUP) | LND | Jazira | |||
| Mihmedê Mûsê | Left Party of Syrian Kurds | LND | ? | |||
| Rojîn Remo | Kongreya Star | LND | Women's Representative, also in Democratic Union Party (PYD) | |||
| Alî Hoco | N/A | N/A | Shahba | Jarablus Representative | ||
| Sîhanok Dîbo | Democratic Union Party (PYD) | LND | Jazira | |||
| Hikmet Hebîb | Arab National Coalition | LND | ? | |||
| Şêx Alî | Kurdish Democratic Unity Party (PYDKS or Yek-Dem) | HNKS | ? | |||
| Wail Mîrza | Assyrian Democratic Party | LND | Jazira | |||
| Telal Mihemed | Syrian Kurds' Democratic Peace Party (PADKS) | LND | ? | |||
| Mizgîn Zêdan | Democratic Transformation Party | LND | ? | |||
| Ferhad Têlo | Kurdistan Liberal Union Party (PYLK) | LND | ? | |||
| Xensa Hemûd | Bureau of Arab Women | ? | ||||
| Newal El-Mezîd | Independent | ? | ||||
| Ebdilrezaq Mihemed El-Taî | Democratic Council of Arab Tribes | Jazira | ||||
| Îlham Ehmed | Democratic Union Party (PYD) | LND | ? | Yekîtiya Star | ||
| Cîhad Mihemed Omer | Independent (TEV-DEM) | LND | ? | |||
| Emar Helûş El-Salêm | Independent | ? | ||||
| Fewzî Şengalî | Kurdish Democratic Accord Party (al Wifaq) | HNKS | ? | |||
| Emcet Osman | Syrian Reform Movement (Al-Îslah) | HNKS | ? | |||
| Îbrahîm El-Hesen | N/A | N/A | Kobanî | Tell Abyad Turkmen Representative | ||
| Bêrîvan Ehmed | N/A | N/A | N/A | Youth Representative | ||
| Faris Eto Şemo | Yazidi House | Jazira | Mala Êzîdiyan | |||
| Fehed Daqûrî | Council of Kurdish Tribes | Kobanî | ||||
| Cîhan Xedro | Independent | Shahba | ||||
| Cemal Şêx Baqî | Syrian Kurdish Democratic Party (PDK-S) | ENKS | ? | Jamal Sheik Baqi | ||
| Nasir El-Nasir | Independent | ? | ||||
| Bassam Said Ishak | Syriac National Council | LND | ? | Syriac European diaspora Representative | ||
| Hisnî Xemîs | Independent | ? | ||||
References
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- ^ "@SDCPress" on Twitter
- ^ "Kurdish-Arab coalition fighting Islamic State in Syria creates political wing". GlobalPost (AFP). 2015-12-10. Retrieved 2016-05-26.
- ^ "Kurdish-Arab coalition in Syria forms political wing". Al Jazeera. 2015-12-11. Retrieved 2016-05-26.
- ^ "Executive Board of Democratic Syria Assembly elected". ANF. 2015-12-13. Retrieved 2016-05-26.
- ^ "Haytham Manna Elected Joint Chairman of Syrian Democratic Council". The Syrian Observer. 2015-10-14. Retrieved 2016-05-26.
- ^ "Kurdish-Arab coalition in Syria creates political wing". Ekurd Daily. 10 December 2015. Retrieved 19 March 2016.
- ^ "Inauguration of the 1st MSD office". Hawar News Agency. 2016-08-01. Retrieved 2016-08-03.
- ^ "Agreement for the future of Syria". ANF. 11 September 2016. Retrieved 11 September 2016.
- ^ "Jableh representative in Rmaylan forum: Federation guarantees Syrian unity". Hawar News Agency. 1 October 2016. Archived from the original on 10 October 2017. Retrieved 3 October 2016.
- ^ "Announcing the formation of a constituent assembly to build youth system in northern Syria". Hawar News Agency. 13 January 2017. Archived from the original on 10 October 2017. Retrieved 14 January 2017.
- ^ Anita Garibaldi [@Anit_Garibaldi] (24 February 2017). "1. Under reported deal reached last month between Assyrians of Khabour and PYD. YPG to leave all Assyrian towns along the Khabour River..." (Tweet). Retrieved 14 April 2017 – via Twitter.
- ^ CristiansOrient 🎗 [@CristiansOrient] (2 March 2017). "Milicians cristians dels Guàrdies del Khabour, Forces Democràtiques de #Síria" (Tweet). Retrieved 14 April 2017 – via Twitter.
- ^ "Assyrians seek self-management in Hasaka over deal with PYD". Zaman al-Wasl. 13 April 2017. Retrieved 14 April 2017.
- ^ Sardar Mlla Drwish (27 March 2017). "What federalism would mean for northern Syria". Al-Monitor.
- ^ InfoRojava-Kurdistan [@info_Rojava] (28 May 2017). "#Rojava #Syrie L'Assemblée démocratique de Syrie a ouvert sa branche féminine à Shadadé" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
- ^ "Syrian Kurds press on with elections despite divisions". Al-Monitor: Independent, Trusted Coverage of the Middle East. 12 December 2017.
- ^ "Amina Omar ,Ryad Derrar elected as co-chairs of MSD". Hawar News Agency. 16 July 2018. Retrieved 25 December 2021.
- ^ "مجلس سوريا الديمقراطية ينهي أعمال مؤتمره بإصدار البيان الختامي - ANHA" (in Arabic).
- ^ Fetah, Vîviyan (17 July 2018). "Îlham Ehmed: Dê rêxistinên me li Şamê jî ava bibin". www.rudaw.net (in Kurdish). Rudaw Media Network. Retrieved 29 September 2019.
- ^ "Formation of Autonomous Administration of North, East Syria". Hawar News Agency.
- ^ "Final statement of Autonomous Administration of North, East Syria". Hawar News Agency.
- ^ "Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria announced in Ain Issa".
- ^ "Berivan Khalid: Rules of procedure's draft of bodies to be completed within next 10 days".
- ^ "Who are co-chairs of DAA bodies of north, east Syria?".
- ^ "تعرف على الرؤساء المشتركين لهيئات الإدارة الذاتية لشمال وشرق سوريا" (in Arabic).
- ^ "المجلس العام للإدارة الذاتية يناقش آلية عمله ويتخذ قرارات في جلسته الاولى". Hawar News Agency (in Arabic).
- ^ A, Marwa (2 December 2019). "We were deliberately left out of Syria's constitutional process, Kurdish official tells MEMO". Middle East Monitor. Retrieved 5 December 2023.
- ^ Ahmed, Îlham (20 November 2019). "Ilham Ahmed Remarks". Washington Kurdish Institute. Retrieved 5 December 2023.
- ^ Thompson, Ben (16 March 2016). "Shut out of Peace Talks, Kurds Seek Self-Rule in Northern Syria". Christian Science Monitor. Retrieved 5 December 2023.
- ^ "Syrian Kurds apply to set up mission in Washington". Hurriyet Daily News. 2018-04-20.
- ^ "Bassam Ishak: DAA's absence in Astana clear signal for a military solution for Syria only in the interest of Syrian regime and its sponsors". SyriacPress. 7 July 2021. Retrieved 5 December 2023.
- ^ Ali, Jan (4 December 2020). "Belgian delegation discusses conditions in northeastern Syria with SDC". North Press Agency. Retrieved 5 December 2023.
- ^ "Executive Board of Democratic Syria Assembly elected". Ajansa Nûçeyan a Firatê. 13 December 2015. Retrieved 28 March 2016.
- ^ Khurshid, Ahmed. "مجلس سورية الديمقراطي" [Syria Democratic Council] (in Arabic). Syrian Establishment for Studies and Research of public opinion. Retrieved 20 September 2016.