HMS Nereide was one of 20 Acorn-class (later H-class) destroyers built for the Royal Navy. The destroyer served in the First World War. The Acorn class were smaller than the preceding Beagle class but oil-fired and better armed. Launched in 1910, Nereide served with the Second Destroyer Flotilla based at the naval base at Devonport until being transferred to the Mediterranean Fleet in 1917. The vessel was employed primarily in an anti-submarine role, undertaking escort and patrol duties. In 1918, the destroyer participated in the bombardment of Durazzo. After the Armistice, the destroyer was reduced to reserve before being sold to be broken up in 1921.
 Nereide
| |
| History | |
|---|---|
 United Kingdom | |
| Name | Nereide |
| Namesake | Nereide |
| Ordered | 8 September 1909 |
| Builder | Hawthorne, Hebburn |
| Yard number | 435 |
| Laid down | 3 December 1909 |
| Launched | 6 September 1910 |
| Completed | 6 April 1911 |
| Out of service | 1 December 1921 |
| Fate | Sold to be broken up |
| General characteristics (as built) | |
| Class and type | Acorn-class destroyer |
| Displacement | 748 long tons (760 t) normal |
| Length | 246 ft (75 m) o.a. |
| Beam | 25 ft 5 in (7.7 m) |
| Draught | 8 ft 6 in (2.6 m) |
| Installed power | 4 Yarrow boilers 13,500 shp (10,100 kW) |
| Propulsion | Parsons steam turbines, 3 shafts |
| Speed | 27 kn (50 km/h; 31 mph) |
| Range | 1,540 nmi (2,850 km; 1,770 mi) at 15 kn (28 km/h; 17 mph) |
| Complement | 72 |
| Armament |
|
Design and description
editAfter the preceding coal-burning Beagle class, the Acorn-class destroyers saw a return to oil-firing. Pioneered by the Tribal class of 1905 and HMS Swift of 1907, using oil enabled a more efficient design, leading to a smaller vessel which also had increased deck space available for weaponry.[1] Unlike previous destroyer designs, where the individual yards had been given discretion within the parameters set by the Admiralty, the Acorn class were a set, with the propulsion machinery the only major variation between the different ships.[2] This enabled costs to be reduced.[3] The class was later renamed H class.[4]
Nereide was 240 feet (73 metres) long between perpendiculars and 246 ft (75 m) overall, with a beam of 25 ft 5 in (7.7 m) and a deep draught of 8 ft 6 in (2.6 m). Displacement was 748 long tons (838 short tons; 760 tonnes) normal and 855 long tons (958 short tons; 869 t) full load.[5] Power was provided by Parsons steam turbines, fed by four Yarrow boilers.[6] Parsons supplied a complex of high-pressure and low pressure turbines, driving three shafts.[2] The engines were rated at 13,500 shaft horsepower (10,100 kW) and design speed was 27 knots (50 km/h; 31 mph), although, on trial, Nereide achieved 27.8 knots (51.5 km/h; 32.0 mph).[4] Three funnels were fitted.[7] The vessel carried 170 long tons (170 t) of fuel oil and had a design range of 1,540 nautical miles (2,850 km; 1,770 mi) at a cruising speed of 15 kn (28 km/h; 17 mph).[5][6]
The armament consisted of a single BL 4 in (102 mm) Mk VIII gun carried on the forecastle and another aft. Two single QF 12-pounder 3 in (76 mm) guns were mounted between the first two funnels.[8] Two rotating 21-inch (533 mm) torpedo tubes were mounted aft of the funnels, with two reloads carried, and a searchlight fitted between the tubes.[9] The destroyer was later modified to carry a single Vickers QF 3-pounder 2 in (47 mm) anti-aircraft gun and depth charges for anti-submarine warfare.[10] The ship's complement was 72 officers and ratings.[6]
Construction and career
editThe 20 destroyers of the Acorn class were ordered by the Admiralty under the 1909–1910 Naval Programme on 8 September 1909. Nereide was laid down at the Dumbarton shipyard of R. & W. Hawthorn, Leslie and Company with the yard number 435 on 3 December, launched on 6 September 1910 and completed on 6 April 1911.[11][12] The ship was the fifth in Royal Navy service to be given the name, the first being the captured French frigate Néréide.[13][14][15] On commissioning, the vessel joined the Second Destroyer Flotilla.[12][16] From 6 September 1911, the destroyer spent a month visiting Campbeltown.[17]
After the British Empire declared war on Germany at the beginning of the First World War in August 1914, the Flotilla became part of the Grand Fleet.[18] Between 13 and 15 October, the Flotilla supported the battleships of the Grand Fleet in a practice cruise.[19] Soon afterwards, the destroyers were deployed to Devonport to undertake escort and patrol duties, protecting merchant ships against German submarines, remaining there until December 1916.[6][20][21]
At the start of 1917, Nereide was assigned to the British Adriatic Squadron as part of the Mediterranean Fleet.[22] On 20 January 1918, Nereide was based at Gibraltar, undertaking patrols.[23] On 2 October, the destroyer formed part of the escort for the Bombardment of Durazzo, led by the Italian armoured cruiser San Giorgio.[24] On 26 November, the destroyer departed for Varna in the Black Sea as part of a joint operation with the French and Italian Navies,[25] and whilst at port in Odessa provided sanctuary to Countess Natalia Brasova along with her daughter Princess Vyazemskaya and brother-in-law Aleksei Matveev, evacuating them to Constantinople.[26]
After the Armistice, the Royal Navy needed to return to a peacetime level of strength and both the number of ships and personnel needed to be reduced to save money.[27] In 1919, Nereide joined 48 other destroyers in reserve at Devonport.[28] The vessel was sold to Stanlee of Dover to be broken up, on 1 December 1921.[14]
Pennant numbers
edit| Pennant Number | Date |
|---|---|
| H70 | January 1919[29] |
| H84 | January 1918[30] |
| H89 | January 1918[31] |
References
editCitations
edit- ^ Brown 2010, p. 69.
- ^ a b Brassey 1912, p. 28.
- ^ Brown 2010, p. 68.
- ^ a b Parkes & Prendergast 1969, p. 113.
- ^ a b Friedman 2009, p. 295.
- ^ a b c d Preston 1985, p. 74.
- ^ Friedman 2009, p. 119.
- ^ March 1966, p. 112.
- ^ Friedman 2009, p. 211.
- ^ Friedman 2009, p. 147.
- ^ Robinson, George; Waller, David. "Nereide 1911". Tyne Built Ships. Archived from the original on 23 June 2021.
- ^ a b Friedman 2009, p. 306.
- ^ Winfield 2005, p. 179.
- ^ a b Colledge & Warlow 2006, p. 241.
- ^ "The Names of New Warships". The Times. No. 39081. 4 October 1909. p. 3.
- ^ "339c Nereide (Dev.) Torpedo Boat Destroyer". The Navy List: 349. July 1913. Retrieved 16 July 2023 – via National Library of Scotland.
- ^ "Movement of Ships". The Times. No. 39683. 6 September 1911. p. 4.
- ^ "XI Mediterranean Fleet". Supplement to the Monthly Navy List: 21. January 1917. Retrieved 16 July 2023 – via National Library of Scotland.
- ^ Newbolt 1931, p. 87.
- ^ Frievogel 2014, p. 504.
- ^ "Allied Ships in the Black Sea". The Times. No. 41957. 26 November 1918. p. 5.
- ^ Crawford 1, Crawford 2, Rosemary 1, Donald 2 (1997). Michael and Natasha: The Life and Love of the Last Tsar of Russia. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. p. 378. ISBN 978-0-7538-0516-9.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ Moretz 2002, p. 79.
- ^ "V. — Vessels in Reserve at Home Ports and Other Bases". Supplement to the Monthly Navy List: 17. July 1919. Retrieved 16 July 2023 – via National Library of Scotland.
- ^ Bush & Warlow 2021, p. 75.
- ^ Bush & Warlow 2021, p. 77.
- ^ Bush & Warlow 2021, p. 76.
Bibliography
edit- Brassey, Thomas (1912). The Navy Annual 1912. Portsmouth: J. Griffin & Co.
- Brown, David K. (2010). The Grand Fleet: Warship Design and Development 1906–1922. Barnsley: Seaforth Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84832-085-7.
- Bush, Steve; Warlow, Ben (2021). Pendant Numbers of the Royal Navy: A Complete History of the Allocation of Pendant Numbers to Royal Navy Warships & Auxiliaries. Barnsley: Seaforth Publishing. ISBN 978-1-526793-78-2.
- Colledge, J. J.; Warlow, Ben (2006). Ships of the Royal Navy: a Complete Record of all Fighting Ships of the Royal Navy from the 15th Century to the Present. London: Chatham. ISBN 978-1-85367-566-9.
- Friedman, Norman (2009). British Destroyers: From Earliest Days to the First World War. Barnsley: Seaforth Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84832-049-9.
- Frievogel, Zvonimir (2014). "Durazzo, Second Battle of". In Tucker, Spencer (ed.). World War I: The Definitive Encyclopedia and Document Collection. Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO. pp. 504–505. ISBN 978-1-85109-965-8.
- March, Edgar J. (1966). British Destroyers: A History of Development, 1892–1953. London: Seeley Service. OCLC 164893555.
- Monograph No. 30: Home Waters Part V: From July to October 1915 (PDF). Naval Staff Monographs (Historical). Vol. XIV. Naval Staff, Training and Staff Duties Division. 1926.
- Monograph No. 31: Home Waters Part VI: From October 1915 to May 1916 (PDF). Naval Staff Monographs (Historical). Vol. XV. Naval Staff, Training and Staff Duties Division. 1926.
- Monograph No. 34: Home Waters—Part VIII: December 1916 to April 1917 (PDF). Naval Staff Monographs (Historical). Vol. XVIII. The Naval Staff, Training and Staff Duties Division. 1933.
- Moretz, Joseph (2002). The Royal Navy and the Capital Ship in the Interwar Period. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-71465-196-5.
- Newbolt, Henry (1931). Naval Operations: Volume V. History of the Great War. London: Longmans, Green and Co. OCLC 220475309.
- Parkes, Oscar; Prendergast, Maurice (1969). Jane's Fighting Ships 1919. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. OCLC 907574860.
- Preston, Antony (1985). "Great Britain and Empire Forces". In Gardiner, Robert; Gray, Randal (eds.). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921. London: Conway Maritime Press. pp. 1–104. ISBN 978-0-85177-245-5.
- Winfield, Rif (2005). British Warships in the Age of Sail 1793–1817: Design, Construction, Careers and Fates. London: Chatham. ISBN 978-1-86176-246-7. OCLC 254913562.