HLA-A26 (A26) is a human leukocyte antigen serotype within HLA-A serotype group. The serotype is determined by the antibody recognition of α26 subset of HLA-A α-chains. For A26, the alpha "A" chain are encoded by the HLA-A*26 allele group and the β-chain are encoded by B2M locus.[1] This group currently is dominated by A*2601. A26 and A*26 are almost synonymous in meaning. A26 is a split antigen of the broad antigen serotype A10. A26 is a sister serotype of A25, A34, A43, and A66.
| HLA-A26 | ||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (MHC Class I, A cell surface antigen) | ||||||||||||||||
 HLA-A26 | ||||||||||||||||
| About | ||||||||||||||||
| Protein | transmembrane receptor/ligand | |||||||||||||||
| Structure | αβ heterodimer | |||||||||||||||
| Subunits | HLA-A*2601, β2-microglobulin | |||||||||||||||
| Older names | A10 | |||||||||||||||
| Subtypes | ||||||||||||||||
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| Rare alleles | ||||||||||||||||
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| Alleles link-out to IMGT/HLA database at EBI | ||||||||||||||||
A26 is more common in West Pacific Rim (Taiwan to Hokkaido).
Serotype
edit| A*26 | A26 | A10 | Sample |
| allele | % | % | size (N) |
| *2601 | 97 | 2 | 1730 |
| *2602 | 81 | 0 | 31 |
| *2603 | 68 | 8 | 38 |
| *2605 | 90 | 0 | 10 |
A26 reasonably good serotyping with no overt false recognition..
Distribution
edit| Study population | Freq. (in %)[3] |
|---|---|
| Taiwan Taroko | 21.8 |
| Taiwan Bunun | 19.3 |
| Japan Ainu Hokkaido | 17.0 |
| Taiwan Rukai | 14.0 |
| USA Hawaii Okinawa | 12.4 |
| Georgia Tbilisi Kurds | 11.7 |
| Pakistan Baloch | 10.3 |
| Oman | 10.2 |
| Pakistan Burusho | 9.8 |
| Pakistan Karachi Parsi | 8.3 |
| China Beijing | 8.2 |
| Pakistan Sindhi | 8.2 |
| Japan Central | 8.1 |
| Pakistan Brahui | 8.0 |
| Taiwan Atayal | 8.0 |
| India New Delhi | 7.6 |
| Bulgaria | 7.3 |
| PNG New Britain Rabaul | 7.3 |
| Taiwan Hakka | 6.4 |
| Georgia Svaneti Svans | 6.3 |
| Pakistan Pathan | 6.1 |
| American Samoa | 6.0 |
| South Korea (3) | 6.0 |
| Israel Arab Druse | 5.5 |
| Croatia | 5.3 |
| Taiwan Saisiat | 4.9 |
| Taiwan Tsou | 4.9 |
| Cape Verde Northwestern I… | 4.8 |
| China Tibetan | 4.7 |
| China Qinghai Hui | 4.5 |
| Iran Baloch | 4.5 |
| Russia Tuva (2) | 4.5 |
| France South East | 4.3 |
| Portugal North | 4.3 |
| Senegal Niokholo Mandenka | 4.3 |
| USA Caucasian (2) | 4.2 |
| India Andhra Pradesh Goll… | 4.0 |
| Taiwan Paiwan | 3.9 |
| USA Hispanic | 3.9 |
| Romanian | 3.8 |
| Jordan Amman | 3.5 |
| Saudi Arabia Guraiat and … | 3.5 |
| China Inner Mongolia | 3.4 |
| Georgia Tbilisi Georgian… | 3.3 |
| USA Asian | 3.2 |
| Guinea Bissau | 3.1 |
| Ireland South | 3.0 |
| Singapore Javanese Indone… | 3.0 |
| Taiwan Puyuma | 3.0 |
| Czech Republic | 2.8 |
| Taiwan Pazeh | 2.7 |
| Brazil | 2.5 |
| PNG Madang | 2.5 |
| Mexico Guadalajara Mestiz… | 2.4 |
| Mexico Mestizos | 2.4 |
| Singapore Chinese Han | 2.3 |
| Australia New South Wales | 2.2 |
| China Yunnan Lisu | 2.2 |
| Burkina Faso Rimaibe | 2.1 |
| Cameroon Beti | 2.0 |
| China Guangzhou | 2.0 |
| Portugal South | 2.0 |
| Singapore Riau Malay | 2.0 |
| South Africa Natal Tamil | 2.0 |
| Taiwan Siraya | 2.0 |
| USA African Americans (2) | 2.0 |
| India North Hindus | 1.9 |
| Ireland Northern | 1.8 |
| Sudanese | 1.8 |
| Cameroon Yaounde | 1.7 |
| India North Delhi | 1.7 |
| Pakistan Kalash | 1.7 |
| Taiwan Thao | 1.7 |
| China South Han | 1.6 |
| USA North American Native… | 1.6 |
| Zimbabwe Harare Shona | 1.6 |
| Uganda Kampala | 1.5 |
| Mongolia Buriat | 1.4 |
| Thailand | 1.4 |
| New Caledonia | 1.2 |
| Zambia Lusaka | 1.2 |
| Finland | 1.1 |
| Ch. Guangdong Meizhou H… | 1.0 |
| Allele frequencies presented, only | |
| Study population | Freq. (in %)[3] |
|---|---|
| Japan Central | 2.3 |
| USA North American Native… | 1.6 |
| Japan (5) | 1.3 |
| Japan Okinawa Ryukyuan | 1.1 |
| Pakistan Brahui | 0.6 |
| South Korea (3) | 0.6 |
| USA San Antonio Caucasian… | 0.6 |
| Azores Terceira Island | 0.4 |
| USA Asian | 0.4 |
| Beijing Shijiazhuang Tian… | 0.1 |
| Allele frequencies presented, only | |
| Study population | Freq. (in %)[3] |
|---|---|
| USA Hawaii Okinawa | 8.6 |
| Japan Okinawa Ryukyuan | 2.8 |
| Japan Central | 2.4 |
| Japan Ainu Hokkaido | 2.0 |
| Japan (5) | 1.3 |
| India North Delhi | 1.1 |
| South Korea (3) | 1.0 |
| Spain Basque Gipuzkoa Pro… | 0.5 |
| China Tibetan | 0.3 |
| Romanian | 0.3 |
| USA African Americans pop… | 0.3 |
| Allele frequencies presented, only | |
Disease associations
editA26 Serotype is associated with adult T-cell leukemia in Japanese.[4][5]
References
edit- ^ Arce-Gomez B, Jones EA, Barnstable CJ, Solomon E, Bodmer WF (February 1978). "The genetic control of HLA-A and B antigens in somatic cell hybrids: requirement for beta2 microglobulin". Tissue Antigens. 11 (2): 96–112. doi:10.1111/j.1399-0039.1978.tb01233.x. PMID 77067.
- ^ Allele Query Form IMGT/HLA - European Bioinformatics Institute
- ^ a b c Middleton, D.; Menchaca, L.; Rood, H.; Komerofsky, R. (2003). "New allele frequency database: http://www.allelefrequencies.net". Tissue Antigens. 61 (5): 403–407. doi:10.1034/j.1399-0039.2003.00062.x. PMID 12753660.
- ^ Nomura K, Utsunomiya A, Furushou H, Tara M, Hazeki M, Tokunaga M, Uozumi K, Hanada S, Yashiki S, Tajima K, Sonoda S (2006). "A family predisposition to adult T-cell leukemia". J Clin Exp Hematop. 46 (2): 67–71. doi:10.3960/jslrt.46.67. PMID 17142956.
- ^ Yashiki S, Fujiyoshi T, Arima N, Osame M, Yoshinaga M, Nagata Y, Tara M, Nomura K, Utsunomiya A, Hanada S, Tajima K, Sonoda S (2001). "HLA-A*26, HLA-B*4002, HLA-B*4006, and HLA-B*4801 alleles predispose to adult T cell leukemia: the limited recognition of HTLV type 1 tax peptide anchor motifs and epitopes to generate anti-HTLV type 1 tax CD8(+) cytotoxic T lymphocytes". AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 17 (11): 1047–61. doi:10.1089/088922201300343735. PMID 11485622.