Alfred Leroy "Roy" Atherton Jr. (November 22, 1921 – October 30, 2002) was a United States Foreign Service Officer and diplomat.[1][2] He served as United States Ambassador to Egypt in 1979–1983.[3] He was a Middle East expert who helped in the negotiations that led to the 1978 Camp David peace accords between Israel and Egypt.[4]
Alfred L. Atherton Jr. | |
|---|---|
 | |
| United States Ambassador to Egypt | |
| In office July 2, 1979 – November 12, 1983 | |
| President | Jimmy Carter Ronald Reagan |
| Preceded by | Hermann F. Eilts |
| Succeeded by | Nicholas A. Veliotes |
| 11th Assistant Secretary of State for Near Eastern and South Asian Affairs | |
| In office April 27, 1974 – April 13, 1978 | |
| Preceded by | Joseph J. Sisco |
| Succeeded by | Harold H. Saunders |
| 17th Director General of the Foreign Service | |
| In office December 2, 1983 – December 28, 1984 | |
| Preceded by | Joan Margaret Clark |
| Succeeded by | George Southall Vest |
| Personal details | |
| Born | November 22, 1921 Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, U.S. |
| Died | October 30, 2002 (aged 80) Washington, D. C., U.S. |
| Alma mater | Harvard University |
Early life
editAtherton was born on November 22, 1921, in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, the son of Alfred Leroy Atherton Sr.[5] and Joanna Reed.
He graduated from Phillips Exeter Academy. He served in the U.S. Army in Europe from 1943 to 1945. He received a B.S. in 1944 and an M.A. in 1947 from Harvard University. He received a master's degree in economics from the University of California in Berkeley.
Diplomatic career
editForeign service (1947-1961)
editAtherton joined the U.S. Foreign Service in 1947, and served in Stuttgart, Bonn, Damascus, and Aleppo. From 1959 to 1961, he was Iraq-Jordan desk officer, then Officer in Charge for Cyprus, in the Bureau of Near Eastern and South Asian Affairs at the State Department. During 1961-62 he took advanced economic studies at the University of California at Berkeley.[6]
India (1962-1965)
editFrom 1962 to 1965, he was economic officer in Calcutta, India.[7]
Middle East Affairs (1965-1978)
editBetween 1965 and 1966, he was deputy director of the Office of Near Eastern Affairs at the State Department. In 1966 and 1967, he was Country Director for Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, and Syria. From 1967 to 1970, he was Country Director for Israel and Arab-Israel Affairs. From 1970 to 1974, he was Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for the Bureau of Near Eastern and South Asian Affairs. From 1974 to 1978, he was Assistant Secretary for Near Eastern and South Asian Affairs.[8][9]
Ambassador at large: Camp David Summit
editHe became an Ambassador-at-large[10] and was a member of the U.S. negotiating team at the Camp David summit in September 1978.[11]
The summit produced the Camp David Accords. Atherton had spent months preparing both parties for the summit.[12]
Egypt (1979-1983)
editHe served as United States Ambassador to Egypt[13] from 1979 to 1983, where he was responsible for the largest U.S. mission in the world, with a staff of 872 Americans and 500 Egyptians. After the Camp David Accord many staff were dispatched to help administer the $1.5 billion a year in military assistance. During his tenure the Egyptian President Anwar Sadat was assassinated. After completing his final overseas tour he returned to Washington D.C.[14]
Director General of the Foreign Service (1983-1985)
editThis was his final post prior to retiring from government service in 1985. The previous year he took on an added task heading up a fellowship program for promising future leaders from the United Kingdom, Australia and New Zealand to study in the United States by the name of the Harkness Fellowships, a program run by the Commonwealth Fund, a New York-based philanthropic foundation established by Anna M. Harkness.[15]
Service chronology
edit| Position | Host country or organization | Year |
|---|---|---|
| US State Department Vice Consul | Stuttgart, Germany | 1947–1949 |
| US State Department Political Reports Office | Bonn, Germany | 1949–1952 |
| US State Department Second Secretary-Vice Consul | Damascus, Syria | 1952–1956 |
| US State Department Consul | Aleppo, Syria | 1956–1959 |
| US State Department Iraq-Jordan Desk, International Relations Office | Washington D.C. | 1959–1961 |
| US State Department Economic Officer | Calcutta, India | 1962–1965 |
| US State Department Deputy Director of the Office of Near Eastern Affairs | Washington D.C. | 1965–1966 |
| US State Department Country director for Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, and Syria | Washington D.C. | 1966–1967 |
| US State Department Country director for Israel and Arab-Israel Affairs | Washington D.C. | 1967–1970 |
| US State Department Deputy Asst. Secy. for Near Eastern & South Asian Affairs | Washington D.C. | 1970–1974 |
| US Assistant Secretary of State for Near East Affairs [16] | Washington D.C. | 1974–1978 |
| US Ambassador at Large [17] | Washington D.C. | 1978–1979 |
| US Ambassador to Egypt | Cairo, Egypt | 1979–1983 |
| US State Department Director General of the Foreign Service | Washington D.C. | 1983-1985 |
Memberships, awards and affiliations
edit- Director of the Harkness Fellowship Program of the Commonwealth Fund of New York
- Director of the Una Chapman Cox Foundation
Academic career
editHe was a visiting professor of Middle Eastern Affairs at Hamilton College as Sol M. Linowitz Visiting professor of government (1991-1992). There, he taught a small seminar on the history and dynamics of the Arab-Israeli conflict. He also was a visiting professor at Mount Holyoke and Birmingham Southern Colleges.[18]
Personal
editHe married Betty Wylie (1921–2001) from Chicago, Illinois. They had three children; Lynne, Reed and Michael.[19]
He was a member of All Souls Unitarian Church in Washington D.C.[20]
He died at Sibley Memorial Hospital in Washington, on October 30, 2002[21] from complications related to cancer surgery.[22] He is buried at Rock Creek Cemetery, Washington D.C. along with his wife, Betty Wylie [23] who died on February 18, 2009.
Ancestry
editHis paternal ancestors had resided in Lancaster, Massachusetts having been pioneer settlers to the area. He is a direct descendant of James Atherton,[24] who arrived in Dorchester, Massachusetts, in the 1630s.[25] The Atherton family ancestry originated from Lancashire, England.
Further reading
edit- Eilts, Hermann Fr. "Alfred Leroy (Roy) Atherton, Jr. (1921-2002). (In Memoriam)." Washington Report on Middle East Affairs, vol. 22, no. 1, Jan.-Feb. 2003, p. 45+. Gale General OneFile,[26]
References
edit- ^ "Alfred LeRoy Atherton. (2011). In Almanac of Famous People". Gale.
- ^ "Alfred LeRoy Atherton. (2004). In The Scribner Encyclopedia of American Lives. Charles Scribner's Sons".
- ^ United States Ambassador to Egypt Nomination of Alfred L. Atherton, Jr., May 8, 1979
- ^ "10 years after Camp David - recognition of Atherton". c-span.org.
- ^ "Atherton One Name Study entry for Alfred Leroy Atherton Sr".
- ^ "The Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training Foreign Affairs Oral History Project AMBASSADOR ALFRED LEROY ATHERTON, JR" (PDF). Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training. 1990. Retrieved 16 July 2024.
- ^ "Association for Diplomatic Studies & Training - Trouble in the Mountains article".
- ^ "U.S. Under Secretary of State Atherton down aircraft steps and greeted by U.S. Ambassador to Algeria, Mr. Parker Silent: March 1, 1976". Reuters.
- ^ "President Carter Library - documents relating to the role of Roy Atherton".
- ^ "Jewish Telegraphic Agency article on Atherton's nomination for new Middle East role". 18 April 1979.
- ^ "National Archives - President J Carter Library - Roy Atherton papers".
- ^ "Atherton briefs Dayan in Feb 1978". The New York Times. 26 February 1978.
- ^ "New York Times Article: President J Carter names A L Atherton as future Ambassador to Egypt". The New York Times. 9 May 1979.
- ^ "The American Presidency Project: President J Carter names A L Atherton as future Ambassador to Egypt".
- ^ "Briefing, New Task for Atherton, December 18". The New York Times Section B. 1984. p. 16.
- ^ "Atherton named in leak - reprimanded". The New York Times. 12 March 1976.
- ^ "Atherton is nominated to be Ambassador at large dealing with Middle East issues". The New York Times. 21 February 1978.
- ^ "Secretary Colin Powell eulogy".
- ^ "Secretary Colin Powell eulogy".
- ^ "Alfred Atherton". politicalgraveyard.com.
- ^ "Atherton obituary in the Los Angeles Times". Los Angeles Times. 2 November 2002.
- ^ "Foreign Service Journal; Feb 2003" (PDF). p. 7.
- ^ "The Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training Foreign Affairs Oral History Program Foreign Service Spouse Series BETTY ATHERTON" (PDF). Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training. 2 October 1987. Archived (PDF) from the original on 21 June 2024. Retrieved 6 August 2024.
- ^ "James Atherton entry on the Atherton ONS".
- ^ James Atherton of Dorchester settled in Lancaster Massachusetts in 1654. Lancaster, Mass. 16 August 2021.
- ^ Eilts, Hermann Fr. "Alfred Leroy (Roy) Atherton, Jr. (1921-2002). (In Memoriam)". Washington Report on Middle East Affairs, vol. 22, no. 1, Jan-Feb 2003. p. 45.