The Zugdidi uezd[a] was a county (uezd) of the Kutaisi Governorate of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire. It bordered the Sukhumi Okrug to the north, the Lechkhumi uezd to the east, the Senaki uezd to the south, and the Black Sea to the west. The area of the Zugdidi uezd corresponded to most of the contemporary Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti region of Georgia. The county was eponymously named for its administrative center, Zugdidi.[1]
Zugdidi uezd
Зугдидскій уѣздъ | |
|---|---|
 Coat of arms | |
.png) Location in the Kutaisi Governorate | |
| Country | Russian Empire |
| Viceroyalty | Caucasus |
| Governorate | Kutaisi |
| Established | 1867 |
| Abolished | 1930 |
| Capital | Zugdidi |
| Area | |
• Total | 2,670.38 km2 (1,031.04 sq mi) |
| Population (1916) | |
• Total | 127,978 |
| • Density | 48/km2 (120/sq mi) |
| • Rural | 100.00% |
History
editThe Zugdidi uezd was formed in 1867 as part of the Kutaisi Governorate on the territory during the time of the Russian Empire. In 1918, the Kutaisi Governorate including the Zugdidi uezd was incorporated into the Democratic Republic of Georgia.[1]
Administrative divisions
editThe subcounties (uchastoks) of the Zugdidi uezd in 1913 were as follows:[2]
| Name | 1912 population | Area |
|---|---|---|
| Zugdidskiy uchastok (Зугдидскій участокъ) | 40,872 | 504.86 square versts (574.56 km2; 221.84 sq mi) |
| Redut-Kalskiy uchastok (Редут-Кальскій участокъ) | 33,881 | 520.04 square versts (591.84 km2; 228.51 sq mi) |
| Tsalendzhikhskiy uchastok (Цаленджихскій участокъ) | 47,806 | 1,321.53 square versts (1,503.98 km2; 580.69 sq mi) |
Demographics
editRussian Empire Census
editAccording to the Russian Empire Census, the Zugdidi uezd had a population of 114,869 on 28 January [O.S. 15 January] 1897, including 58,043 men and 56,826 women. The majority of the population indicated Mingrelian to be their mother tongue, with a significant Georgian speaking minority.[3]
| Language | Native speakers | % |
|---|---|---|
| Mingrelian | 113,034 | 98.40 |
| Georgian | 1,060 | 0.92 |
| Imeretian | 280 | 0.24 |
| Turkish | 155 | 0.13 |
| Russian | 121 | 0.11 |
| Greek | 45 | 0.04 |
| Svan | 42 | 0.04 |
| Ukrainian | 18 | 0.02 |
| Tatar[b] | 17 | 0.01 |
| Avar-Andean | 11 | 0.01 |
| Armenian | 10 | 0.01 |
| Polish | 8 | 0.01 |
| German | 8 | 0.01 |
| Abkhaz | 8 | 0.01 |
| Ossetian | 7 | 0.01 |
| Romanian | 6 | 0.01 |
| Jewish | 3 | 0.00 |
| Lithuanian | 1 | 0.00 |
| English | 1 | 0.00 |
| Persian | 1 | 0.00 |
| Estonian | 1 | 0.00 |
| Other | 32 | 0.03 |
| TOTAL | 114,869 | 100.00 |
Kavkazskiy kalendar
editAccording to the 1917 publication of Kavkazskiy kalendar, the Zugdidi uezd had a population of 127,978 on 14 January [O.S. 1 January] 1916, including 65,001 men and 62,977 women, 127,805 of whom were the permanent population, and 173 were temporary residents:[6]
| Nationality | Number | % |
|---|---|---|
| Georgians | 127,861 | 99.91 |
| Russians | 94 | 0.07 |
| Sunni Muslims[c] | 17 | 0.01 |
| Armenians | 3 | 0.00 |
| Other Europeans | 3 | 0.00 |
| TOTAL | 127,978 | 100.00 |
Notes
edit- ^
- ^ Before 1918, Azerbaijanis were generally known as "Tatars". This term, employed by the Russians, referred to Turkic-speaking Muslims of the South Caucasus. After 1918, with the establishment of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic and "especially during the Soviet era", the Tatar group identified itself as "Azerbaijani".[4][5]
- ^ Primarily Turco-Tatars.[7]
References
edit- ^ a b Tsutsiev 2014.
- ^ Кавказский календарь на 1913 год, pp. 160–167.
- ^ a b "Демоскоп Weekly - Приложение. Справочник статистических показателей". www.demoscope.ru. Retrieved 2022-06-27.
- ^ Bournoutian 2018, p. 35 (note 25).
- ^ Tsutsiev 2014, p. 50.
- ^ Кавказский календарь на 1917 год, pp. 198–205.
- ^ Hovannisian 1971, p. 67.
Bibliography
edit- Bournoutian, George A. (2018). Armenia and Imperial Decline: The Yerevan Province, 1900–1914. Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. ISBN 978-1-351-06260-2. OCLC 1037283914.
- Hovannisian, Richard G. (1971). The Republic of Armenia: The First Year, 1918–1919. Vol. 1. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0520019843.
- Кавказский календарь на 1913 год [Caucasian calendar for 1913] (in Russian) (68th ed.). Tiflis: Tipografiya kantselyarii Ye.I.V. na Kavkaze, kazenny dom. 1913. Archived from the original on 19 April 2022.
- Кавказский календарь на 1917 год [Caucasian calendar for 1917] (in Russian) (72nd ed.). Tiflis: Tipografiya kantselyarii Ye.I.V. na Kavkaze, kazenny dom. 1917. Archived from the original on 4 November 2021.
- Tsutsiev, Arthur (2014). Atlas of the Ethno-Political History of the Caucasus (PDF). Translated by Nora Seligman Favorov. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 9780300153088. Archived (PDF) from the original on 17 June 2023.
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