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This is a record of material that was recently featured on the Main Page as part of Did you know (DYK). Recently created new articles, greatly expanded former stub articles and recently promoted good articles are eligible; you can submit them for consideration.

Archives are generally grouped by month of Main Page appearance. (Currently, DYK hooks are archived according to the date and time that they were taken off the Main Page.) To find which archive contains the fact that appeared on Did you know, go to article's talk page and follow the archive link in the DYK talk page message box.

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Did you know...

... that Archduchess Isabella Maria of Bourbon-Parma (pictured) was in love with her sister-in-law, Archduchess Maria Christina?
...that a Wiper in the most junior role in the engine room of a ship
...that there are many examples of unfinished work in the arts, some of which remain incomplete but others have been finished by other people?
...that the song "Wir Geben 'Ne Party" is the first Eurovision entry to mention hip-hop music, despite not being in that style?
...that during the time of Scandinavism, Hans Christian Andersen wrote a poem called Jeg er en Skandinav which together with the later added melody could have become the National Anthem of a unified Scandinavian nation?
...that the Autobianchi Stellina was the first Italian car with a fiberglass body?
...that the Château de Bellevue, a small château built near Paris in 1750 as an intimate meeting place for Louis XV and his mistress, Madame de Pompadour, was named for its spectacular views over the Seine?

Women operating ENIAC, one of the first large-scale, electronic, digital computers

...that the invention of the electronic digital computer was put into the public domain in 1973 by the decision of one of the longest federal court cases in the history of the United States?
...that Maulana Mehmud Hasan organised an armed rebellion against the British Raj with Turkish support but was arrested just before his return to India?
...that the Romans completely forgot what the ancient Lapis Niger shrine was dedicated to, and had at least three different stories telling why it was built?
...that the sting of the rainforest shrub Dendrocnide moroides can cause severe and prolonged pain and has been reported to kill dogs, horses and humans?
...that The Daily Talk, the most widely read news medium in the Liberian capital of Monrovia, is published daily on a blackboard in the center of town?
...that Brazilian-born Alberto Cavalcanti directed the 1942 British propaganda war film Went the Day Well?

Saint Petersburg Polytechnical University

...that the Leningrad Polytechnical Institute (pictured) was the only place in the besieged city that evaluated the Ph.D. and Doctor of Science dissertations?
...that Colonel William Nolde was the last official American casualty of the Vietnam War?
...that the expressions "take care of the pence, and the pounds will take care of themselves" and "ways and means" are both attributed to William Lowndes?
...that most buildings of the True Cross Monastery on Kiy Island in the White Sea were designed by Patriarch Nikon?
...that the planned M4 Toll motorway will be the second toll section of the United Kingdom's M4 motorway, despite being under 10 miles from the first?
...that Applecrest Farm Orchards is the oldest continuously operating apple orchard in the United States of America?

Backgammon opening position

... that the opening theory of backgammon underwent profound changes after self-teaching robots were analyzed playing the game?
...that the Mahé River in India was nicknamed the "English Channel" because it separated British-ruled Thalassery from French-ruled Mahé?
...that Samuel M. Rubin popularized the practice of selling popcorn in movie theaters, earning him the nickname "Sam the Popcorn Man"?
...that the Goldfields Water Supply Scheme included the world's then-longest fresh-water pipeline when it opened in Western Australia in 1903?
...that Frederick Lorz was greeted as the winner of the 1904 Summer Olympics marathon but later admitted to having travelled by car for ten miles of the race?
...that Muslim scholar Maulvi Abdul Haq is decorated as the Father of Urdu in Pakistan?

Château de Madrid

...that the Château de Madrid (pictured), built near the Bois de Boulogne in Paris in the mid-1500s, was known as the "Château de Faïence" due to its richly ornamented façades, covered in majolica and high relief, but was almost completely destroyed in the 1790s?
...that the Canadian Arctic islands did not become part of Canada until 1880?
...that Charles Angibaud was the royal apothecary to Louis XIV of France, but left France in 1681 to avoid persecution as a Protestant Huguenot and moved to London, where he was later Master of the Society of Apothecaries?
...that the song "Dschinghis Khan" is a disco-inspired tribute to the Mongol leader Genghis Khan?
...that civilians took refuge in St. La Salle Hall in Manila during World War II, believing that its walls would protect them from anything but a direct hit?

The Potemkin Stairs

...that the Potemkin Stairs (pictured) located in Odessa, Ukraine create an optical illusion, where either the landings or the stairs are invisible depending on an observer's vantage point?
...that Claudia Alexander was the last project manager of NASA's Galileo mission to Jupiter?
...that murdered British schoolgirl Amanda "Milly" Dowler has a charity, an award-winning garden and a sweetpea named after her?
...that the English footballer David Layne scored 58 goals in 81 games for Sheffield Wednesday F.C. before he was jailed for his involvement in the British betting scandal of 1964?
...that, before becoming famous, both Martha Stewart and Lyle Waggoner appeared in ads for Tareyton cigarettes, telling the audience that "Us Tareyton smokers would rather fight than switch!"?
...that a group of rock stars formed a supergroup in 1989 called Rock Aid Armenia and re-recorded Deep Purple's hit song Smoke on the Water to benefit the victims of the 1988 Leninakan Earthquake?

Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye

...that the Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye (pictured) near Paris was the home of King James II for 13 years after his exile from Great Britain following the Glorious Revolution of 1688?
...that the Fair Play Men, a group of squatters in colonial Pennsylvania, made their own Declaration of Independence from Britain on July 4, 1776 on the banks of Pine Creek?
...that the native fauna of New Guinea does not include any large mammal predators?
...that Central Asian Gypsies, often seen around Russian markets and railway stations in the 1990s were previously mistaken as Tajikistani refugees?
...that Flying University was the secret educational conspiratorial enterprise that existed in Warsaw, Poland, in various forms in the 19th and 20th century to provide education outside of the dominating ideology?
...that Monica Coghlan, at the center of the scandal surrounding Lord Jeffrey Archer, was killed in an unrelated car crash a month before the start of the trial that would convict him of perjury and vindicate her?

The Lucas Gusher, near Beaumont, Texas

...that the era of the oil gusher (pictured) came to an end with the development of the first blowout preventer in 1924?
...that the Canaanites are a movement in Hebrew culture that seeks to recover its rootedness in ancient Canaanite civilization?
...that early photographer Alexander Gardner was the last person to photograph American President Abraham Lincoln before his assassination—and also photographed the conspirators and their public execution?
...that during the filming of the 2002 film The Importance of Being Earnest, the scenes in which Rupert Everett slaps Colin Firth on his rear end and then kisses his cheek were ad libbed, and director Oliver Parker thought Firth's stunned reaction was so humorous that he kept them in the film?
...that the song "Zwei Kleine Italiener" references the homesickness experienced by guest workers in Germany during the Wirtschaftswunder?

Pacific ocean perch

...that nearly 350,000 metric tons of Pacific ocean perch (pictured) were caught in the Gulf of Alaska by Soviet and Japanese trawling fleets in 1965?
...that Archibald Hall was the oldest prisoner on the original list of British murderers who were issued with whole life tariffs by the Government?
...that Friedrich Vordemberge-Gildewart was one of the first painters to work in an abstract style for his entire career?
...that, according to the Lanercost Chronicle, Richard de Inverkeithing, bishop of Dunkeld, was poisoned by King Alexander III of Scotland so that the king could take the bishop's movable possessions?
...that The Varsitarian of the University of Santo Tomas was one of the first student newspapers in the Philippines?