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Walther Adrian Schücking (6 January 1875, Münster, Westphalia – 25 August 1935, The Hague) was a German liberal politician, professor of public international law and the first German judge at the Permanent Court of International Justice in The Hague.[1]
Biography
editIn 1913–14 Walter Schücking was a member of the international commission sent by the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace to investigate the conduct of the Balkan Wars of 1912–13. He co-authored its report.[2]
He was a German delegate to the International union of Hague conference, and one of the six German delegates to the Paris Peace Conference to whom the Allies presented the draft Treaty of Versailles. As a member of the Weimar National Assembly and then the Reichstag from 1919 to 1928, he was the second chairman of the parliamentary inquiry into the question of guilt for the First World War.[3] As a judge on the Permanent Court of International Justice, Schücking issued an important separate opinion on the Oscar Chinn Case in which he contributed to the theory of the Peremptory norm in international law.[4] Schücking also advocated for recognizing China as an equal member of the international community, and in the 1920s served as a consultant for its government in the attempt to repeal foreign Extraterritoriality.[5] Schücking was also notable as one of the earliest consistent advocates in international law for a Weltstaatenbund, or permanent international organization of states.[6]
Walther Schücking was nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize in 1918, 1919, 1920 and 1928, 1929, 1930, 1931, 1932, 1933, 1934.[7]
In 1995, the Institute of International Law at the University of Kiel was renamed the Walther Schücking Institute of International Law in his honor.
Biography
editSchücking was born in Münster, Westphalia on 6 January 1875 to the district judge Carl Lothar Levin Schücking and his wife Luise Wilhelmine Amalie Beitzke (daughter of the politician and historian Heinrich Beitzke). His grandfather was the German novelist Levin Schücking (1814–1883). His brothers were Levin Ludwig Schücking (1878–1964), professor of English at the University of Leipzig, and Lothar Engelbert Schücking (1873–1943), lawyer, author and mayor of Husum. Schücking was married to Irmgard Auguste Charlotte Marte von Laer (1881–1952).
External links
edit
- Spiermann, Ole (2011). "Professor Walther Schücking at the Permanent Court of International Justice". European Journal of International Law. 22 (3): 783–799. doi:10.1093/ejil/chr056.
- Walther Schücking in the German National Library catalogue
- Newspaper clippings about Walther Schücking in the 20th Century Press Archives of the ZBW
References
edit- ^ Brown, Scott James (1937). "Walther Schücking". American Journal of International Law. 31 (1): 107–110. doi:10.1017/S0002930000082890. ISSN 0002-9300.
- ^ Report of the International Commission to Inquire into the Causes and Conduct of the Balkan Wars. Washington, D.C.: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. 1914. Retrieved 29 January 2024 – via Internet Archive.
- ^ Thier, Andreas (2007). "Schücking, Walther". Neue Deutsche Biographie 23 (in German). pp. 631-633 [Online-Version].
- ^ Özsu, Umut (2023). Completing Humanity: The International Law of Decolonization, 1960–82. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-108-42769-2.
- ^ Mitchell, Ryan Martinez (2022). Recentering the World: China and Transformation of International Law. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-108-49896-8.
- ^ García-Salmones, Monica (2011). "Walther Schücking and the pacifist traditions of international law". European Journal of International Law. 22 (3): 755–782. doi:10.1093/ejil/chr055.
- ^ "Nomination Archive – Walther Adrian Schücking". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 20 November 2022.