Walter Souza Braga Netto (born 11 March 1957) is a retired Brazilian army general and former Minister of Defence. Braga was Commander of the Eastern Military Command and, until 31 December 2018, Federal Interventor in the Public Security of the state of Rio de Janeiro.[1] He unsuccessfully ran for Vice President of Brazil as running mate of Jair Bolsonaro in 2022,[2] narrowly losing to Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva and Geraldo Alckmin.[3]
Walter Braga Netto | |
|---|---|
 Official portrait, 2021 | |
| Minister of Defence | |
| In office 30 March 2021 – 1 April 2022 | |
| President | Jair Bolsonaro |
| Preceded by | Fernando Azevedo e Silva |
| Succeeded by | Paulo Sérgio Nogueira de Oliveira |
| Chief of Staff of the Presidency | |
| In office 18 February 2020 – 29 March 2021 | |
| President | Jair Bolsonaro |
| Preceded by | Onyx Lorenzoni |
| Succeeded by | Luiz Eduardo Ramos |
| Chief of the Brazilian Army General Staff | |
| In office 29 March 2019 – 18 February 2020 | |
| President | Jair Bolsonaro |
| Preceded by | Paulo Humberto Cesar de Oliveira |
| Succeeded by | Marcos Antonio Amaro dos Santos |
| Federal intervenor in Rio de Janeiro | |
| In office 18 February 2018 – 31 December 2018 | |
| President | Michel Temer |
| Governor | Luiz Fernando Pezão Francisco Dornelles (interim) |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 11 March 1957 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil |
| Political party | PL (since 2022) |
| Alma mater | Agulhas Negras Military Academy |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance |  Brazil |
| Branch/service |  Brazilian Army |
| Years of service | 1975–2020 |
| Rank |  General |
| Commands |
|
On November 19, 2024, a Federal Police investigation came to light implicating Braga Netto and other former members of the Bolsonaro administration in a suspected coup plot. The plan allegedly included the assassination of Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, Geraldo Alckmin, and Alexandre de Moraes, who were, at the time, the president-elect, vice president-elect, and president of the Superior Electoral Court, respectively. On November 21, 2024, Braga Netto was formally indicted by the Federal Police.[4] On December 14, 2024, he was arrested by Federal Police for allegedly hindering investigations.[5]
Early life
editBraga Netto was born on 11 March 1957 in Belo Horizonte.[2]
Military career
editEnlisted on 17 February 1975, Braga Netto enrolled in the Academia Militar das Agulhas Negras (AMAN) where, on 14 December 1978, he was declared an Officer Aspirant. Braga was promoted to second lieutenant on 31 August 1979, to first lieutenant on 25 December 1980, and to captain on 25 December 1984.
Senior officer
editAs lieutenant colonel, Braga Netto served as assistant of Sub-Secretariat of Programs and Project of the Secretariat of Strategic Affairs of the Presidency of the Republic. On 2 February 2001, he was nominated Cabinet Officer of then-Army Commander, Gleuber Vieira.
On 9 July 2001, Braga Netto was nominated commander of the 1st Regiment of Combat Cars (1° RCC), still headquartered in Rio de Janeiro. He was promoted to colonel on 17 December 2001.[6]
He was nominated Defence and Army Attaché to the Brazilian Embassy in Poland, a position he held from 1 February 2005 to 1 February 2007.
General officer
editPromoted to brigadier general in November 2009, he was nominated Staff-Chief of the Western Military Command on 23 November.
In 2011, he was designated military attaché of the Army to the Brazilian Embassy in the United States, also accredited to Canada.[7]
On 31 March 2013, he was promoted to Divisional general. On 21 August, he was nominated General Coordinated of the Special Advisory of the Olympic and Paralympic Games Rio 2016.[8] On 25 November 2015, Walter Braga became commander of the 1st Military Region, leaving the Coordination.
On 31 July 2016, he was promoted to Army general and nominated Commander of the Eastern Military Command.[9][10]
On 16 February 2018, General Braga Netto was nominated Federal Interventor in the Public Security of Rio de Janeiro by President Michel Temer, position he held until the end of the year.[11] Over the course of 10 months, Braga Netto took command of the state of Rio de Janeiro’s police forces with Army troops deployed for internal use against the civilian population.[12] In relation to the previous year, the period of intervention registered an increase of almost 40 percent in killings committed by police officers.[13]
On 29 March 2019, he took office as Staff-Chief of the Army.
Bolsonaro Government
editOn 12 February 2020, he was invited by President Jair Bolsonaro for the position of Chief of Staff of the Presidency.[14] On March 31, 2021, after the joint resignation of the commanders of the three branches of the Brazilian armed forces, Minister of Defense, and other leaders in the Brazilian military, Braga Netto was appointed as the new Minister of Defense.[15]
Braga Netto drew controversy shortly after his appointment after expressing support for the military dictatorship in Brazil.[2]
COVID-19 pandemic
editOn May 26, 2020, a report from Reuters revealed that as the Health Ministry of Brazil began taking preventative measures against the COVID-19 pandemic on March 13, Bolsonaro intervened and scaled back their procedures within 24 hours. By March 16, Bolsonaro discreetly shifted power from the ministry to Braga Netto's Casa Civil, with the given reason being that "the pandemic 'transcended' public health".[16]
In August 2020, Braga Netto was diagnosed with COVID-19.[17]
2022 presidential election
editOn June 26, 2022, he was chosen to be incumbent president Jair Bolsonaro's running mate for the 2022 presidential election. It was announced by Bolsonaro during an interview given to journalists Rodrigo Constantino, Luís Ernesto Lacombe, Augusto Nunes and Ana Paula Henkel at the Programa 4 por 4 independent show.[18]
Post-election and post-government
editAfter Bolsonaro and Braga Netto lost their bid in the 2022 Brazilian general election, their supporters demonstrated nationwide against the results asking for a military coup and some set up encampments outside military headquarters across the country.[19] In a brief, informal questions and answers with some of these supporters in November 2022 in Brasilia, Braga Netto said "Don't you lose your faith ok? This is only what I can tell you for now."[20]
On 8 January 2023, Bolsonaro supporters stormed and vandalized government buildings and inumerous works of art in Brasilia trying to overthrow president Lula's government. The buildings of the Supreme Court and the Congress were equally looted and defaced.
On 11, January, Brazil's Superior Electoral Court found Bolsonaro and Braga Netto violated the electoral law over self-promotion-related speeches they made during Brazil's official Independence Day celebrations on September 7, 2022, and declared them unfit to run for any office until 2030.[21]
On 18 January, CNN Brasil reported that Braga Netto, then Bolsonaro's Defense minister, led conversations still in 2022 to impose a state of emergency in Brazil right after their electoral defeat. A decree of such measure was later found to be drafted by Bolsonaro's government officials, including Braga Netto.[22]
In October, a Congress committee recommended criminal charges against Bolsonaro, Braga Netto and other government officials over insurrection for their roles in the 2023 Brazilian Congress attack.[23]
In March 2024, Brazil's Federal Police started probing Braga Netto over the deployment of a military special force unit to stop the transition of power in a plot to assassinate then president-elect Lula, vice-president-elect Geraldo Alckmin and Supreme Court justice Alexandre de Moraes.[24]
In November, Bolsonaro and several of his former ministers and aides, including Braga Netto, were formally indicted for plotting to kill Brazilian authorities and elected leaders to remain in power in 2022.[25]
At the time of his arrest in December 2024, it was reported that Braga Netto was retired from his role as an army general.[26]
2024 arrest
editOn December 14, 2024, Braga Netto was arrested and held in Rio de Janeiro after being be accused of obstruction of justice in an investigation about a 2022 coup plot. Simultaneously, his house and that of his military aide Flavio Botelho Peregrino were searched by the police.[26]
References
edit- ^ Abrantes, Talita (16 February 2018). "Quem é o general que vai comandar a intervenção federal no RJ". Exame (in Portuguese). Retrieved 12 February 2020.
- ^ a b c "Hardline general vs pragmatic centrist: Brazil's VP duel". France 24. 2022-10-30. Retrieved 2022-11-02.
- ^ "Lula Wins Brazil's Presidential Election". Time. Retrieved 2022-12-20.
- ^ "Meeting on coup d'état held at Braga Netto's residence". Agencia Brasil. Retrieved 2024-11-21.
- ^ "Brazil's ex-defense minister arrested for meddling in coup probe". Reuters. Retrieved 2024-12-14.
- ^ "Boletim do Exército 51/2001" (in Portuguese). Secretaria-Geral do Exército. 21 December 2001. p. 176. Retrieved 12 February 2020.
- ^ "Aditância do Exército nos Estados Unidos da América e Canadá - Passagem de Função" (in Portuguese). Exército Brasileiro. Retrieved 12 February 2020.
- ^ "Interventor federal que atuará no RJ foi um dos responsáveis pela segurança durante a Olimpíada" (in Portuguese). G1. 16 February 2018. Retrieved 12 February 2020.
- ^ "General Braga Netto assume o Comando Militar do Leste" (in Portuguese). Ministério da Defesa. 23 September 2016. Retrieved 13 February 2020.
- ^ "General de Exército Braga Netto é o novo Comandante Militar do Leste" (in Portuguese). Comando Militar do Leste. 26 September 2016. Retrieved 13 February 2020.
- ^ Venturini, Lilian (19 February 2018). "Quem é o general Braga Netto, interventor na segurança do Rio" (in Portuguese). Nexo Jornal. Retrieved 13 February 2020.
- ^ "Brazilian Army general takes over as Bolsonaro's chief of staff". World Socialist Web Site. Retrieved 2021-08-09.
- ^ Paterson, Pat (2021). The Blurred Battlefield: The Perplexing Conflation of Humanitarian and Criminal Law in Contemporary Conflicts.
- ^ Gielow, Igor (12 February 2020). "Bolsonaro convida general que liderou intervenção no RJ para a Casa Civil". Folha de S. Paulo (in Portuguese). Retrieved 13 February 2020.
- ^ Jeantet, Dianne; Biller, David (30 March 2021). "Brazil military chiefs quit as Bolsonaro seeks their support". AP NEWS. Retrieved 1 April 2021.
- ^ Eisenhammer, Stephen; Stargardter, Gabriel (26 May 2020). "Special Report: Bolsonaro brought in his generals to fight coronavirus. Brazil is losing the battle". Reuters. São Paulo/Rio de Janeiro. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
- ^ Feitoza, Cézar (3 August 2020). "Braga Netto está com Covid-19". O Antagonista (in Portuguese). Mare Clausum Publicações. Retrieved 28 November 2020.
- ^ "Bolsonaro afirma que pretende indicar Braga Netto como vice na chapa – Jovem Pan". Bolsonaro afirma que pretende indicar Braga Netto como vice na chapa – Jovem Pan (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2022-06-26. Retrieved 2022-06-27.
- ^ Stargardter, Gabriel (2022-12-28). "Insight: 'Coup-mongering' Bolsonarista's battle cry reveals a radicalized Brazil". Reuters. Retrieved 2024-12-14.
- ^ "Braga Netto assume lugar de Bolsonaro no cercadinho e fala com apoiadores [18/11/2022]". noticias.uol.com.br (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 2024-12-14.
- ^ "Bolsonaro, Braga Netto ineligible, court rules". valorinternational (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2023-11-01. Retrieved 2024-12-14.
- ^ Junqueira, Caio. "Braga Netto teria debatido aplicação de Estado de Defesa após derrota". CNN Brasil (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 2024-12-14.
- ^ Marcello, Maria Carolina (2023-10-28). "Brazil congressional probe calls for Bolsonaro to face criminal charges". Reuters. Retrieved 2024-12-14.
- ^ Paraguassu; Brito, Lisandra; Ricardo (2024-03-25). "Bolsonaro running mate probed over plan to deploy special forces in Brazil coup plot". Reuters. Retrieved 2024-12-14.
{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Brito, Ricardo (2024-11-21). "Brazil police accuse Bolsonaro and ex-ministers of 2022 coup plot". Reuters. Retrieved 2024-12-14.
- ^ a b "Brazil's ex-defense minister arrested for meddling in coup probe". Reuters. December 14, 2024. Retrieved December 14, 2024.