Velehrad is a municipality and village in Uherské Hradiště District in the Zlín Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 1,100 inhabitants. It is known for the former Cistercian monastery with the Basilica of the Assumption of Mary and Saints Cyril and Methodius, which is the most famous Christian pilgrimage site in the country.
Velehrad | |
|---|---|
_1.jpg) Basilica of Saints Cyril and Methodius | |
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
  Velehrad Location in the Czech Republic | |
| Coordinates: 49°6′20″N 17°23′39″E / 49.10556°N 17.39417°E | |
| Country |  Czech Republic |
| Region | Zlín |
| District | Uherské Hradiště |
| Founded | 1205 |
| Area | |
• Total | 22.25 km2 (8.59 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 219 m (719 ft) |
| Population (2024-01-01)[1] | |
• Total | 1,126 |
| • Density | 51/km2 (130/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 687 06 |
| Website | www |
Geography
editVelehrad is located about 6 kilometres (4 mi) northwest of Uherské Hradiště and 23 km (14 mi) southwest of Zlín. It lies mostly in the Chřiby highlands, only the southernmost part of the municipal territory extends into the Kyjov Hills. The highest point is the hill Kamenný kopec at 495 m (1,624 ft) above sea level. The built-up area lies in the valley of the Salaška Stream.
History
editThe first written mention of Velingrad is from 1141. It was however the old name of neighbouring Staré Město, from which the name Velehrad was derived.[2] In 1205, Moravian Margrave Vladislaus III founded here a Cistercian monastery. The Romanesque monastery complex was finished in the first half of the 13th century.[3]
After the monastery was abolished in 1784 by a decree of Emperor Joseph II, the people who worked in the monastery founded a municipality. The dilapidated monastery complex was gradually repaired in the mid-19th century. Since 1890 it has been managed by Society of Jesus. It became an important pilgrimage site with the annual participation of tens of thousands of pilgrims. In the 1990s it was visited twice by Pope John Paul II.[3]
Demographics
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| Source: Censuses[4][5] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Transport
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There are no railways or major roads passing through the municipality.
Sights
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The large complex of the former Cistercian monastery with the Basilica of the Assumption of Mary and Saints Cyril and Methodius is protected as a national cultural monument. It is the most famous pilgrimage site in the Czech Republic.[6] The monastery complex from the 13th century was rebuilt in the Baroque style in the mid-18th century, but some parts of the original late Romanesque buildings have been preserved.[7]
A landmark is the Marian column, located opposite the monastery. It is a Baroque column dating from 1676. In 1705, it was expanded by four statues of saints.[8]
Other monuments and sights in Velehrad include the Velehrad house of Saints Cyril and Methodius (an information centre and a museum in the former farm buildings), the Velehrad cemetery (with many important personalities buried), Rosary Pilgrimage Route with Stations of the Cross (connecting Velehrad with Staré Město) and many statues of saints and other small religious monuments.[9]
Notable people
edit- Otmar Oliva (born 1952), sculptor; lives and works here
References
edit- ^ "Population of Municipalities – 1 January 2024". Czech Statistical Office. 2024-05-17.
- ^ "Historie města" (in Czech). Město Staré Město. Retrieved 2021-12-10.
- ^ a b "Historie poutního místa a jeho památky" (in Czech). Obec Velehrad. Retrieved 2021-12-10.
- ^ "Historický lexikon obcí České republiky 1869–2011" (in Czech). Czech Statistical Office. 2015-12-21.
- ^ "Population Census 2021: Population by sex". Public Database. Czech Statistical Office. 2021-03-27.
- ^ "Velehrad" (in Czech). Poutní místa ČR. Retrieved 2020-11-25.
- ^ "Cisterciácký klášter" (in Czech). National Heritage Institute. Retrieved 2024-07-25.
- ^ "Mariánský sloup" (in Czech). National Heritage Institute. Retrieved 2024-07-25.
- ^ "Velehrad". Velehrad Pilgrimage Site. Retrieved 2024-07-25.
External links
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