User:Queen of Hearts/Drafts/First Branch of the Baltimore City Council

This is not a Wikipedia article: It is Queen of Hearts's work-in-progress page, and may be incomplete and/or unreliable.

Find sources: Google (books · news · scholar · free images · WP refs) · FENS · JSTOR · TWL
Easy tools: Citation bot (help) | Advanced: Fix bare URLs

This page was last edited by Queen of Hearts (talk | contribs) 22 days ago. (Update timer)

Changes in the amount of First Branch wards^[1]
Year	Wards
1797	8
1817	11
1818	12
1842	14
1844	20
1882	22
1898	24
1918	28

The First Branch of the Baltimore City Council was the lower house of the bicameral Baltimore City Council, the legislature of Baltimore, Maryland. Founded in 1797, it initially had two members from each of its eight wards with year-long terms. Wards became single-member in 1846 and terms were increased to two years in 1899, then four years in 1911. The First Branch merged with the Second Branch to form a unicameral legislature in 1923; it had 28 wards at the merger.^[2]^[1]

Two-member wards (1797–1845)

First ward

Members of the First Branch of the Baltimore City Council from the first ward (1797–1845)
Term	Members^{[nb 1]}
Term	Name^[3]	Party	Name^[3]	Party
1797	James Carey		Ephraim Robinson
1798	James Carey
1799	Henry Stouffer
1800	Henry Stouffer		George Reinecker
1801	Caleb Hewit		Richardson Stewart
1802	William Jessop		George F. Warfield
1803			George F. Warfield
1804			Henry Stouffer
1805			Henry Stouffer
1806			George Decker
1807	Henry Stouffer
1808	William Cook
1809	Samuel Frey		Thomas Mummey
1810			Thomas Mummey
1811			Peter Forney
1812	David Fulton		Aaron Levering
1813			Aaron Levering
1814			Samuel Frey
1815	Talbot Jones		Samuel Frey
1816	John Berry		John Reese
1817
1818
1819	Isaac Atkinson		James H. Clarke
1820
1821
1822
1823
1824	Ebenezer L. Finley
1825	John H. Browning
1826	Isaac Atkinson		William Inloes
1827	Thomas C. Morris		Daniel Perrigo
1828	Thomas C. Morris		Daniel Perrigo
1829	John Mallory		James W. Mitchell
1830	John Mallory		John H. Browning
1831	Peter Fenby		Robert Millholland
1832	John H. Browning		Henry R. Lauderman
1833	William Inloes
1834	Carey Southcomb
1835	Peter Fenby		Robert Millholland
1836	Peter Fenby		John F. Monmonier
1837	Joshua Atkinson		John F. Monmonier
1838			John W. Randolph
1839			John W. Randolph
1840	Henry R. Louderman		John F. Monmonier
1841	Peter Fenby		Jacob Myers
1842	Henry R. Lauderman		Joseph A. Ramsey
1843	Peter Wells		Joseph A. Ramsey
1844	James Grieves		John Hughes
1845	Hugh A. Cooper		John W. Groney

Second ward

Members of the First Branch of the Baltimore City Council from the second ward (1797–1845)
Term	Members^{[nb 1]}
Term	Name^[4]	Party	Name^[4]	Party
1797	George Buchanan		Samuel Owings
1798	George Buchanan		George Prestman
1799	David Poe
1800	Samuel Owings
1801	John Stricker
1802	Luke Tiernan
1803	Emanuel Kent		Walter Simpson
1804	James Carey		Walter Simpson
1805	James Carey		Jacob Small
1806	Walter Simpson
1807	James Carey
1808
1809
1810			Eli Hewitt
1811			Benjamin Berry
1812
1813
1814
1815
1816	Richard B. Magruder		Alexander Russell
1817	Peter Levering
1818	Richard B. Magruder
1819	Peter Gault		Thomas Sheppard
1820	William Baartcher		Frederick Schaffer
1821	James Biays Jr.
1822	James Biays Jr.
1823	William Hubbard
1824
1825
1826
1827			Joesph Summwalt
1828			Thomas Curtain
1829			Thomas Curtain
1830	James Fields		John E. Stansbury
1831	William Hubbard
1832	William Hubbard
1833	James H. Thomas
1834	James H. Thomas		James Fields
1835	John E. Stansbury		Thomas P. Stran
1836	John E. Stansbury		James H. Thomas
1837	T.P. Stone		William H. Watson
1838	John E. Stansbury		James H. Thomas
1839	George P. Knotts		Daniel Metzger
1840	James Hooper		John E. Stansbury
1841	James Fields		James A. Ramsey
1842	William R. Rochester
1843	William R. Rochester
1844	James Fields		David W. Hudson
1845	James Fields		David W. Hudson

Third ward

Members of the First Branch of the Baltimore City Council from the third ward (1797–1845)
Term	Members^{[nb 1]}
Term	Name^[5]	Party	Name^[5]	Party
1797
1798
1799
1800
1801	Zebulon Hollingsworth		Robert Smith
1802	Walter Dorsey^{[nb 2]}		William Jolley	Placeholder
1802	Job Smith^{[nb 2]}		William Jolley	Placeholder
1803	Job Smith^{[nb 2]}		Luke Tiernon
1804	James A. Buchanan		William Lorman
1805
1806
1807
1808
1809
1810
1811	James Mosher
1812			Luke Tiernon
1813			Luke Tiernon
1814			Thomas C. Jenkins
1815			Thomas C. Jenkins
1816			John Brevett
1817			James W. McCulloch
1818			Nathaniel Williams
1819	Daniel Conn		William Steuart
1820	Thomas Kell
1821	Daniel Conn
1822	John Mackenheimer
1823	John Mackenheimer
1824	Jonathan Fitch		Hezekiah Niles
1825	Charles Diffenderffer		Hezekiah Niles
1826			Hugh McElderry
1827
1828
1829
1830	Thomas P. Alricks		William H. Hanson
1831	Charles Diffenderffer
1832	Thomas P. Alricks
1833	Thomas P. Alricks		Isaac F. Lightner
1834	Samuel Bradey		John Collum
1835	Samuel Boyd		Benedict I. Sanders
1836	John L. Yeates		Benedict I. Sanders
1837	Samuel D. Legrand		Henry Powell
1838	Thomas P. Alricks		Samuel D. Legrand
1839	Adi Pindell		Henry Powell
1840	Adi Pindell		Henry Powell
1841	Peregrine Gorsuch		Elijah Hutton
1842	Peregrine Gorsuch		William D. Roberts
1843	Benjamin J. Clark
1844	James Whiteford
1845	John H. Hall		Thomas Hynes

Fourth ward

Members of the First Branch of the Baltimore City Council from the fourth ward (1797–1845)
Term	Members^{[nb 1]}
Term	Name^[6]	Party	Name^[6]	Party
1797	Hercules Courtenay		William Wilson
1798	John Hillen		David McMechen
1799			David McMechen
1800			Joshua Lemmon
1801			James Sloan
1802	George P. Keeports		David Williamson
1803	William Hawkins		Christopher Raborg
1804	For some reason, the MSA doesn't list what happened in 1804? Alien abduction?
1805	John Hiller		Thomas Kell
1806	George P. Keeports
1807	Richard Benson
1808	Richard Benson
1809	Abner Neal
1810
1811
1812	Adam Fonerden
1813	Adam Fonerden
1814	Robert Dunwoody		Jacob Meyers
1815	William Patterson		James Wilson
1816
1817
1818	Joseph Owens
1819	William Stansbury		Lambert Thomas
1820	William Stansbury
1821	Edward G. Woodyear
1822	Standish Barry
1823	Standish Barry		James Clark
1824	Edward G. Woodyear		James Clark
1825	Michael Klinefelter		Elijah Stansbury
1826	Lambert Thomas
1827	James Clark
1828	James Clark
1829	Lambert Thomas
1830
1831
1832	Benedict I. Sanders
1833	Benjamin Greble		John I. Gross
1834	George Stevens		George Stevens
1835	William Chalmers		John B. Sidenstricker
1836	Samuel Harker^{[nb 3]}
1837
1838
1839	Thomas O. Sollers
1840	Samuel Brady		A.J.W. Jackson
1841	Abel R. Blakeney		Lewis Holton
1842	John F. Hoss		Charles A. Pendergast
1843	John R. Diggs		T. Yates Walsh
1844	Joseph Beck
1845	Joseph Beck

Fifth ward

Members of the First Branch of the Baltimore City Council from the fifth ward (1797–1845)
Term	Members^{[nb 1]}
Term	Name^[7]	Party	Name^[7]	Party
1797	Adam Fonderden^{[nb 4]}		Thomas Hollingsworth
1798
1799
1800
1801
1802			Adam Walsh	Placeholder
1802	William Woods^{[nb 4]}		Adam Walsh	Placeholder
1803	Baltzer Schaeffer		John Shrim
1804
1805
1806
1807
1808
1809	William Camp		Peter Diffenderffer
1810	William Camp
1811	Joseph Jamison
1812
1813			William Warner
1814
1815
1816
1817			William H. Windstandley
1818			John Franciscus
1819
1820
1821
1822			Benjamin C. Ross
1823	John Franciscus
1824	James B. Bosley
1825
1826
1827
1828	F.E.B. Hintze		William Meeteer
1829	Benjamin C. Ross
1830
1831
1832	Henry Meyers		William Roney
1833	William H. Hanson		Job Smith Jr.
1834	Samuel Child		Job Smith Jr.
1835	Samuel Child		John M. Steuart
1836	Samuel Barnes		Agustus Matthiott
1837	Richard J. Cross
1838	Richard J. Cross
1839	Benjamin Buck
1840	William H. Hanson		Thomas Y. Walsh
1841	William H. Hanson		E. de Loughery
1842	Elijah Hutton		James McCormick
1843	James Lucas		James Spilman
1844	George Brown		John Gorsuch
1845	Samuel Harker		William T. Leonard

Single-member wards (1846–1923)

First ward

Members of the First Branch of the Baltimore City Council from the first ward (1846–1923)
Term	Name^[3]	Party
1846	William Colton	Democratic^[8]
1847
1848
1849	Edward Horney	Democratic^[9]
1850
1851
1852
1853	William Colton	Democratic^[8]
1854	John France	Democratic^[10]
1855
1856
1857	Frederick S. Turner	Know Nothing^[11]
1858	Caleb B. Hynes	Know Nothing^[12]
1859	Caleb B. Hynes	Know Nothing^[12]
1860	Emanuel Irons	Know Nothing^[13]
1861	Jacob Yeisley^{[nb 5]}	^{[nb 6]}
1862	William Williams^{[nb 7]}	Unknown
1863	Stephen Whalen	Unknown
1864	Joshua Lynch	Unknown
1865	Henry O. Larrabee
1866	Joshua Lynch
1867	Thomas B. Burch
1868	Frederick Wehr
1869	George W. Bishop
1870
1871
1872	William A. Massicott
1873	Charles Streeper
1874	James T. Kirby
1875	Andrew F. Schroeder
1876	Andrew F. Schroeder
1877	Richard Wells
1878	George M.D. Wood
1879	George M.D. Wood
1880	John D. Fiske
1881	John D. Fiske
1882	Nicholas Togges
1883	Benjamin Glenn
1884	Benjamin Glenn
1885	Patrick J. Leavy
1886	William S. Brusstar
1887	George M.D. Wood
1888	Charles F. Riehl
1889	Charles F. Riehl
1890	William H. Daiger
1891	Hanson P. Barnes
1892
1893
1894	John F. Langhammer
1895	John F. Langhammer
1896	James S. Allison
1897	James S. Allison
1898	Charles E. Wright
1899–1900	Albert M. Sproesser
1901–1902	Alfred M. Touchton
1903–1904	George Koning
1905–1906	George Koning
1907–1910	John H. Trautfelter
1911–1914	George L. Durn
1915–1918	William H.E. Chase
1919–1923	Charles Holzman

Second ward

Members of the First Branch of the Baltimore City Council from the second ward (1846–1923)
Term	Name^[4]	Party
1846	John Dutton
1847	Richard Wells
1848	Hugh A. Cooper
1849	John E. Stansbury
1850	Hugh H. Cooper
1851	David Blandford
1852	David Blandford
1853	John W. Croney
1854	Harry S. Hunt
1855	James Mullen
1856	James Mullen
1857	Matthias A. Danger
1858	Leonard J. Bandel
1859	John W. Bradford
1860	Samuel M. Adams
1861	George W. Wolfe
1862	Andrew Schuatz
1863	Frederick C. Meyer
1864	Frederick C. Meyer
1865	Richard F. Henneberry
1866	Richard F. Henneberry
1867	J.B. Herold
1868	Thomas J. Charles
1869	Charles Hergesheimer
1870	Henry Weitzell Sr.
1871
1872
1873	Elijah Hergesheimer
1874	Elijah Hergesheimer
1875	Henry Cashmeyer
1876	James Cloke
1877	James Cloke
1878	Henry Cashmeyer
1879	Henry Cashmeyer
1880	Thomas H. Hamilton
1881
1882
1883
1884	Louis Beck
1885
1886
1887
1888	Andrew Brown
1889
1890
1891
1892	Henry Manken
1893	Henry Manken
1894	John Heineman
1895	John Heineman
1896	Conrad Dickhaut
1897	Henry W. Laurman
1898	Henry W. Laurman
1899–1900	Thomas Sudler
1901–1902	John A. Janetzke
1903–1904	William B. Smith
1905–1906	William B. Smith
1907–1910	George Heller
1911–1914	James J. Jung
1915–1918	William F. Jacobs
1919–1923	Jacob L. Antonie

Third ward

Members of the First Branch of the Baltimore City Council from the third ward (1846–1923)
Term	Name^[5]	Party
1846	John O'Leary
1847	J. Abrahams
1848	David W. Hudson
1849	Richard C. Wells
1850	Isaac Glass
1851	Joseph Weathers
1852	William H. Shelly
1853	William H. Shelly
1854	Joesph Weathers
1855	Joseph H. Boyd
1856	Jacob F. Grove
1857	Phillip H. Muller
1858	W.J. Maddox
1859	Gustavus A. Henderson
1860	George R. Callis
1861	Jacob Meyers
1862	Edward S. Lamdin
1863
1864
1865
1866	Thomas C. Maguire
1867	James T. Randolph
1868	Jacob Oster
1869	Johb Wickersham
1870	Johb Wickersham
1871	John R. Hudgins
1872	Hugh Gifford
1873	Hugh Gifford
1874	James Logan Jr.
1875	Edward W. Bennett
1876	Edward W. Bennett
1877	James Logan Jr.
1878
1879
1880	Samuel E. Atkinson
1881	Samuel E. Atkinson
1882	Joseph Vernon Campbell
1883	Victor H. Klinefelter
1884	Victor H. Klinefelter
1885	Nathan H. Hall
1886	Nathan H. Hall
1887	William F. Edwards
1888	William F. Edwards
1889	Richard C. Kemp
1890	Richard C. Kemp
1891	John H. Windfelder
1892
1893
1894
1895
1896	Henry Steffens
1897	Charles E. Cunningham
1898	G. Stewart Johnson
1899–1900	Lewis H. Miller
1901–1902	Martin Stuckent
1903–1904	William H. Weisrager
1905–1906	Frank W. Eckels
1907–1910	Edward W. Klein
1911–1914	William J. Garland
1915–1918	Vincent L. Palmisano
1919–1923	Vincent L. Palmisano

Fourth ward

Members of the First Branch of the Baltimore City Council from the fourth ward (1846–1923)
Term	Name^[6]	Party
1846	T. Yates Walsh
1847	J.C. Cockey
1848	William H. Steuart
1849	William H. Steuart
1850	James S. Suter
1851	James S. Suter
1852	Malcolm W. Mearis
1853	Malcolm W. Mearis
1854	William Peters
1855	James S. Suter
1856	William S. Harris
1857	Frederick Pinkney
1858	Silas Beacham
1859	Silas Beacham
1860	John Lee Chapman
1861	Owen Bouldin
1862	John Lee Chapman
1863	William McClymont
1864	William McClymont
1865	Alexander S. Stewart
1866
1867
1868	William H. Vickery
1869	William H. Vickery
1870	Andrew C. Trippe
1871	Andrew C. Trippe
1872	John R. Carroll
1873	John R. Carroll
1874	Columbus W. Lewis
1875	Columbus W. Lewis
1876	Thomas Kelly
1877	Thomas Kelly
1878	Eugene Kernan
1879	Eugene Kernan
1880	William J. Kelly
1881	William J. Kelly
1882	Edward A. Burke
1883	Edward A. Burke
1884	Timothy Maloney
1885	Timothy Maloney
1886	Thomas Kelly
1887	Thomas Kelly
1888	Timothy Maloney
1889	Timothy Maloney
1890	Charles M. Morfit
1891	Charles M. Morfit
1892	Adam Deupert
1893	Adam Deupert
1894	Michael E. Brannan
1895
1896
1897	Charles W. Harret
1898	Jacob Joseph
1899–1900	Charles R. Lamm
1901–1902	Louis D. Greene
1903–1904
1905–1906
1907–1910
1911–1914	John D. Spencer
1915–1918	John D. Spencer
1919–1923	John C. Huthwelker

Fifth ward

Members of the First Branch of the Baltimore City Council from the fifth ward (1846–1923)
Term	Name^[7]	Party
1846	N. Hackman
1847	Joshua Creamer
1848	James Lucas
1849	Charles B. Green
1850	Charles B. Green
1851	James H. Cook
1852	John Dukehart
1853	Hugh Bolton
1854	Francis H.B. Boyd
1855
1856
1857
1858	John Dukehart
1859	Alford Meace
1860	Alford Meace
1861	David E. Thomas Sr.
1862	James Young
1863
1864
1865
1866
1867	Nicholas Brewer
1868	James Lucas
1869	Nicholas Rufus Gill
1870	Nicholas Rufus Gill
1871	John M. Brace
1872	E.G. Hipsley
1873	Stanley Hynson
1874	Stanley Hynson
1875	James Sapp
1876	George J. Gehring
1877	Nicholas Rufus Gill
1878	John McCart
1879	John McWilliams
1880	James St. L. Perry
1881	Charles S. Moran Jr.
1882	Charles S. Moran Jr.
1883	J.B. Sutherland
1884	David Stereett
1885	David Stereett
1886	Charles S. Moran Jr.
1887	Thomas B. Bateman
1888
1889
1890	Gilles J. Shaw
1891	Gilles J. Shaw
1892	Walter H. Steuart
1893
1894
1895
1896	James H. Livingston
1897	James H. Livingston
1898	Bernhard Dietz
1899–1900	William A. Harrington
1901–1902	Lewis H. Miller
1903–1904	Joseph Seiderman
1905–1906	William W. Cherry
1907–1910	William W. Cherry
1911–1914	Samuel Lasch
1915–1918
1919–1923

Notes

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Members of multi-member districts had no order of precedence; in this list, they are sorted alphabetically from left to right, however, if a member served multiple consecutive terms, they will remain in a single cell.
^ ^a ^b Dorsey resigned; Smith was elected to replace him in March.^[5]
^ Resigned^[6]
^ ^a ^b Fonerden resigned February 26, 1802; Woods was elected in March to replace him.
^ While the Maryland State Archives report Jacob's surname as "Wiley",^[3] newspapers of the time wrote it as "Yeisley".^[14]^[15]
^ Although their individual affiliations are unknown, the members of the 1861 council were nominated by the Central Independent Reform Committee to contest the Know Nothings.^[14]^[15]
^ Sources conflict on Williams's middle initial; newspapers of the time reported his name as "William J. Williams",^[16]^[17] while the Maryland State Archives report it as "William T. Williams".^[3]

References

^ ^a ^b "Baltimore City Council, First Branch". Maryland State Archives. Retrieved June 14, 2024.
^ "Baltimore City Council". Maryland State Archives. Retrieved June 14, 2024.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e "Baltimore City Council, First Branch, First Ward". Maryland State Archives. Retrieved June 14, 2024.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Baltimore City Council, First Branch, Second Ward". Maryland State Archives. Retrieved June 14, 2024.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "Baltimore City Council, First Branch, Third Ward". Maryland State Archives. Retrieved June 14, 2024.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "Baltimore City Council, First Branch, Fourth Ward". Maryland State Archives. Retrieved September 6, 2024.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Baltimore City Council, First Branch, Fifth Ward". Maryland State Archives. Retrieved September 7, 2024.
^ ^a ^b "First Ward – Democratic Nominations for City Council". The Baltimore Sun. October 7, 1845. p. 2. Retrieved June 15, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
^ "First Ward Democratic Nomination for the First Branch of City Council". The Baltimore Sun. October 10, 1849. p. 2. Retrieved June 15, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
^ "City Council Nominations". The Baltimore Sun. September 24, 1853. p. 1. Retrieved June 15, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
^ "The Candidates for City Council—First Branch". The Baltimore Sun. October 8, 1856. p. 2. Retrieved June 15, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
^ "Council Nominations". The Daily Exchange. September 27, 1858. p. 1. Retrieved June 15, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
^ "Nominations". The Baltimore Sun. September 1, 1859. p. 1. Retrieved June 15, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
^ ^a ^b "To the Voters of the City of Baltimore". The Baltimore Sun. September 28, 1860. p. 2. Retrieved June 16, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
^ ^a ^b "City Intelligence". The Daily Exchange. October 11, 1860. p. 1. Retrieved June 16, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
^ "Nominations". The Baltimore Sun. September 20, 1861. p. 1. Retrieved June 15, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
^ "The Vote Yesterday". The Baltimore Sun. October 10, 1861. p. 1. Retrieved June 15, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.

[[Category:Baltimore City Council| First Branch]] [[Category:Baltimore-related lists]] [[Category:Lists of Maryland politicians]]

[multi-member-3] Members of multi-member districts had no order of precedence; in this list, they are sorted alphabetically from left to right, however, if a member served multiple consecutive terms, they will remain in a single cell.

[Dorsey-7] Dorsey resigned; Smith was elected to replace him in March.^[5]

[9] Resigned^[6]

[Fonderden-11] Fonerden resigned February 26, 1802; Woods was elected in March to replace him.

[20] While the Maryland State Archives report Jacob's surname as "Wiley",^[3] newspapers of the time wrote it as "Yeisley".^[14]^[15]

[1861_members-21] Although their individual affiliations are unknown, the members of the 1861 council were nominated by the Central Independent Reform Committee to contest the Know Nothings.^[14]^[15]

[24] Sources conflict on Williams's middle initial; newspapers of the time reported his name as "William J. Williams",^[16]^[17] while the Maryland State Archives report it as "William T. Williams".^[3]

[1st_Branch-1] "Baltimore City Council, First Branch". Maryland State Archives. Retrieved June 14, 2024.

[2] "Baltimore City Council". Maryland State Archives. Retrieved June 14, 2024.

[1st_Branch_1st_Ward-4] "Baltimore City Council, First Branch, First Ward". Maryland State Archives. Retrieved June 14, 2024.

[1st_Branch_2nd_Ward-5] "Baltimore City Council, First Branch, Second Ward". Maryland State Archives. Retrieved June 14, 2024.

[1st_Branch_3rd_Ward-6] "Baltimore City Council, First Branch, Third Ward". Maryland State Archives. Retrieved June 14, 2024.

[1st_Branch_4th_Ward-8] "Baltimore City Council, First Branch, Fourth Ward". Maryland State Archives. Retrieved September 6, 2024.

[1st_Branch_5th_Ward-10] "Baltimore City Council, First Branch, Fifth Ward". Maryland State Archives. Retrieved September 7, 2024.

[Baltimore_Sun_1845-12] "First Ward – Democratic Nominations for City Council". The Baltimore Sun. October 7, 1845. p. 2. Retrieved June 15, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.

[13] "First Ward Democratic Nomination for the First Branch of City Council". The Baltimore Sun. October 10, 1849. p. 2. Retrieved June 15, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.

[14] "City Council Nominations". The Baltimore Sun. September 24, 1853. p. 1. Retrieved June 15, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.

[15] "The Candidates for City Council—First Branch". The Baltimore Sun. October 8, 1856. p. 2. Retrieved June 15, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.

[16] "Council Nominations". The Daily Exchange. September 27, 1858. p. 1. Retrieved June 15, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.

[17] "Nominations". The Baltimore Sun. September 1, 1859. p. 1. Retrieved June 15, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.

[Baltimore_Sun_1860-18] "To the Voters of the City of Baltimore". The Baltimore Sun. September 28, 1860. p. 2. Retrieved June 16, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.

[Daily_Exchange_1860-19] "City Intelligence". The Daily Exchange. October 11, 1860. p. 1. Retrieved June 16, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.

[22] "Nominations". The Baltimore Sun. September 20, 1861. p. 1. Retrieved June 15, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.

[23] "The Vote Yesterday". The Baltimore Sun. October 10, 1861. p. 1. Retrieved June 15, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.

[1]

[2]

[nb 1]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[nb 2]

[6]

[nb 3]

[7]

[nb 4]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[nb 5]

[nb 6]

[nb 7]

[14]

[15]

[16]

[17]