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User:Gryphonheart13/Field Museum of Natural History

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This replica of an Aztec sun stone is displayed in the Ancient Americas exhibit. It depicts the Aztec creation myth.

The Ancient Americas

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The Ancient Americas displays 13,000 years of human ingenuity and achievement in the Western Hemisphere, where hundreds of diverse societies thrived long before the arrival of Europeans. In this large permanent exhibition visitors can learn the epic story of the peopling of these continents, from the Arctic to the tip of South America.[1] The exhibit consists of six displays: "Ice Age Hunters", "Innovative Hunters and Gatherers", "Farming Villagers", "Powerful Leaders", "Rulers and Citizens", and finally "Empire Builders". Visitors are encouraged to begin with "Ice Age Hunters" and conclude with "Empire Builders". [2] In this way, visitors can understand the cultural and economic progression of the Ancient Americas. Throughout the exhibit, collections are displayed in a way that emphasizes the cultural context of the artifacts.

The six displays draw from the Field Museum's massive North America collection. Significant collections utilized by the exhibit include pre-Columbian artifacts gathered by Mayanists Edward H. Thompson and John E. S. Thompson.[3] Additionally, former curator Paul Sidney Martin's American Southwest collection makes up a significant portion of the "Farming Villagers" display.[4] The "Empire Builders" display includes Aztec and Incan artifacts gathered in the 19th century [5]

The Ancient Americas exhibit transitions to the Alsdorf Hall of Northwest Coast and Arctic Peoples and eventually the Native Truths: Our Voices, Our Stories exhibit. This emphasizes the thematic unity of the Field Museum's American collections [6].

Cultural Halls

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Cultural exhibitions include sections on Tibet and China, where visitors can view traditional clothing.[7] There is also an exhibit on life in Africa, where visitors can learn about the many different cultures on the continent,[8] and an exhibit where visitors may "visit" several Pacific Islands.[9] The museum houses an authentic 19th-century Māori Meeting House, Ruatepupuke II,[10] from Tokomaru Bay, New Zealand. Additionally, the Field Museum's Northwest Coast Collections showcase the early work of Franz Boas and Frederic Ward Putnam's work with the Kwakwakaʼwakw (Kwakiutl) people in the Alsdorf Hall of Northwest Coast and Arctic Peoples [11]. Finally, the Native Truths: Our Voices, Our Stories permanent exhibition displays the Field Museum's current collaborative efforts with the indigenous people of North America [12].

Africa

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The Africa cultural hall opened at the Field Museum in November of 1993. It offers 14 different displays that are primarily ethnographic in nature. Several African countries are exhibited as well as a variety of geographical areas including the Sahara and East African rift valley. The final section is dedicated to the African diaspora with a particular focus on the the impact of the slave trade on the continent[13]. The Africa permanent exhibit owes most of its collection to the efforts of Wilfred D. Hambly.[14]

 
Pacific Northwest Totem Poles

Peoples of the Arctic and Pacific Northwest

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This extensive permanent exhibition covers two culture areas that were vitally important to the early work of the Field Museum -- the Arctic and Pacific Northwest. The Pacific Northwest collection is more extensive, but both collections are organized into four categories: subsistence, village and society, the spiritual world, and art. Major displays include a variety of dioramas and a large collection of totem poles.[11] The current permanent exhibition has its origins in the Maritime Peoples hall created by the Field Museum's curator of North American archaeology and ethnology James VanStone. [15]

Cyrus Tang Hall of China

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This statue of the divine protector Wei Tuo is one of many artifacts on display at the Cyrus Tang Hall of China at the Field Museum of Natural History.

The Cyrus Tang Hall of China opened as a permanent exhibition in 2015. The hall consists of five sections: Diverse Landscapes, Ritual and Power, Shifting Power, Beliefs and Practices, and Crossing Boundaries. The first three sections are organized chronologically while the final two sections are organized by theme. Three hundred and fifty objects are displayed throughout the five galleries. [7] These artifacts are a sample chosen from the Field Museum's significant China collection. This collection was gathered by the sinologist Berthold Laufer. [16]

Native Truths: Our Voices, Our Stories

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Native Truths: Our Voices, Our Stories opened as a permanent exhibition in 2015. This exhibit is an extensive renovation of the former Native American Hall at the Field Museum. Native Truths utilizes about 400 artifacts to interpret Native American culture and history while also addressing modern-day challenges. [12] The exhibition is a result of a changing attitude towards Native Americans that emphasized Native peoples instead of Native artifacts. [17]

 
This authentic Maori Meeting House is displayed in the Field Museum's Regenstein Halls of the Pacific.

Regenstein Halls of the Pacific

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This exhibit is dedicated to the natural and cultural history of the Pacific Islands and is organized into five different sections: the natural history of the islands, the cultural origins of Pacific Islanders, a canoe display, an ethnographic collection showcasing New Guinea's Huon Gulf, and a modern Tahitian market. The final portion of the exhibit is dedicated to the ceremonial arts of the Pacific peoples.[18] The majority of the collection was gathered by curator Albert Buell Lewis. [19] Building upon Lewis' desire to portray cultures as living and participative, the exhibit was intentionally designed to demonstrate how the Pacific Islands interact with the contemporary world. [20]

References

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  1. ^ jhoog (2011-01-11). "The Ancient Americas". The Field Museum. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
  2. ^ Hosmer, Brian (2008). "The Ancient Americas". The Public Historian. 30 (1): 142–145 – via JSTOR.
  3. ^ McVicker, Donald (2003). "A Tale of Two Thompsons: The Contributions of Edward H. Thompson and J. Eric S. Thompson to Anthropology at the Field Museum". Fieldiana (36): 139–152 – via JSTOR.
  4. ^ Nash, Stephen (2003). "Paul Sidney Martin". Fieldiana (36): 165–177 – via JSTOR.
  5. ^ Haskin, Warren; Nash, Steven; Coleman, Sarah (2003). "A Chronicle of Field Museum Anthropology". Fieldiana (36): 65–81 – via JSTOR.
  6. ^ Swyers,, Holly (2016). "Rediscovering Papa Franz: Teaching Anthropology and Modern Life". HAU Journal of ethnographic theory. 6 (2): 213–231 – via Univ. of Chicago Press Open Access.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)
  7. ^ a b "Cyrus Tang Hall of China Exhibition Online". chinahall.fieldmuseum.org. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
  8. ^ "Africa". The Field Museum. 2011-08-24. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
  9. ^ swigodner (2017-05-31). "Regenstein Halls of the Pacific". The Field Museum. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
  10. ^ "A Marae Abroad" (PDF). Gisbourne Herald.
  11. ^ a b Lupton, Carter; Rathburn, Robert (1984). "Maritime Peoples of the Arctic and Northwest Coast. A Permanent Exhibit at the Field Museum of Natural History". American Anthropologist. 86 (1): 229–30.
  12. ^ a b Kuta, Sarah (May 26, 2022). "Field Museum Confronts Its Outdated, Insensitive Native American Exhibition". Smithsonian Magazine.
  13. ^ Demissie, Fassil; Apter, Andrew (1995). "An Enchanting Darkness: A New Representation of Africa". American Anthropologist. 97 (3): 559–66.
  14. ^ Codrington, Raymond (2003). "Wilfrid D. Hambly and Sub-Saharan Africa Research at the Field Museum, 1928—1953". Fieldiana. 36: 153–63.
  15. ^ Rooney, Jessica; Kusimba, Chapurukha (2003). "The Legacy of James W. VanStone in Museum and Arctic Anthropology". Fieldiana (36): 221–234 – via JSTOR.
  16. ^ Bronson, Bennet (2003). "Berthold Laufer". Fieldiana (36): 117–126 – via JSTOR.
  17. ^ Collier, Donald (2003). "My Life with Exhibits at the Field Museum, 1941—1976". Fieldiana (36): 199–219 – via JSTOR.
  18. ^ Kaeppler, Adrienne (1991). "Untitled". American Anthropologist. 93 (1): 269–70.
  19. ^ Welsch, Robert (2003). "Albert Buell Lewis: Realizing George Amos Dorsey's Vision". Fieldiana. 36: 99–115.
  20. ^ Kahn, Miriam (1995). "Heterotopic Dissonance in the Museum Representation of Pacific Island Cultures". American Anthropologist. 97 (2): 324–38.
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