Transformer (gene)

Transformer
Transformer
Identifiers
Organism	Drosophila melanogaster
Symbol	tra
Entrez	39849
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_079390.3
RefSeq (Prot)	NP_524114.1
UniProt	P11596
Other data
Chromosome	3L: 16.59 - 16.59 Mb
Structures
Search for
Structures	Swiss-model
Domains	InterPro

Available protein structures:
Pfam	structures / ECOD
PDB	RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj
PDBsum	structure summary

Female-specific protein transformer
Female-specific protein transformer
Identifiers
Symbol	Tra
Pfam	PF06495
InterPro	IPR010519
Pfam
Available protein structures:
Pfam	structures / ECOD
PDB	RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj
PDBsum	structure summary

Transformer (tra) is a family of genes which regulate sex determination in insects such as flies.^[1]^[2] Among its effects, it (P11596) regulates differences between males and females in Drosophila fruit flies.^[3]

Transformer 2

Identifiers

Organism

Drosophila melanogaster

Symbol

tra2

Other data

2R: 14.6 - 14.6 Mb

Search for
Structures	Swiss-model
Domains	InterPro

The tra-2 gene (P19018) is needed for sexual differentiation in female fruit flies, and for spermatogenesis in the males. It is not in the same protein family as tra, but instead works together with it in the splicing enhancer complex.^[4]^[5]

References

^ Verhulst EC, van de Zande L, Beukeboom LW (August 2010). "Insect sex determination: it all evolves around transformer" (PDF). Current Opinion in Genetics & Development. 20 (4): 376–383. doi:10.1016/j.gde.2010.05.001. hdl:11370/2174764d-bd1b-4e1f-b142-90aced0c3e55. PMID 20570131. S2CID 205003182.
^ An X, Ota T, O'Neil MT, Steinmann-Zwicky M, Yamamoto D, et al. "tra - transformer". Gene Review. Nature Genetics. Archived from the original on 5 August 2021. Retrieved 7 December 2017.
^ Rideout EJ, Narsaiya MS, Grewal SS (December 2015). "The Sex Determination Gene transformer Regulates Male-Female Differences in Drosophila Body Size". PLOS Genetics. 11 (12): e1005683. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1005683. PMC 4692505. PMID 26710087.
^ Amrein H, Gorman M, Nöthiger R (December 1988). "The sex-determining gene tra-2 of Drosophila encodes a putative RNA binding protein". Cell. 55 (6): 1025–1035. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(88)90247-4. PMID 3144434. S2CID 21183373.
^ "Transformer-2 sex-determining protein". UniProt. Retrieved 7 December 2017.

[1] Verhulst EC, van de Zande L, Beukeboom LW (August 2010). "Insect sex determination: it all evolves around transformer" (PDF). Current Opinion in Genetics & Development. 20 (4): 376–383. doi:10.1016/j.gde.2010.05.001. hdl:11370/2174764d-bd1b-4e1f-b142-90aced0c3e55. PMID 20570131. S2CID 205003182.

[2] An X, Ota T, O'Neil MT, Steinmann-Zwicky M, Yamamoto D, et al. "tra - transformer". Gene Review. Nature Genetics. Archived from the original on 5 August 2021. Retrieved 7 December 2017.

[KoppRideout2015-3] Rideout EJ, Narsaiya MS, Grewal SS (December 2015). "The Sex Determination Gene transformer Regulates Male-Female Differences in Drosophila Body Size". PLOS Genetics. 11 (12): e1005683. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1005683. PMC 4692505. PMID 26710087.

[AmreinGorman1988-4] Amrein H, Gorman M, Nöthiger R (December 1988). "The sex-determining gene tra-2 of Drosophila encodes a putative RNA binding protein". Cell. 55 (6): 1025–1035. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(88)90247-4. PMID 3144434. S2CID 21183373.

[5] "Transformer-2 sex-determining protein". UniProt. Retrieved 7 December 2017.

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