Wikipedia

Template:LGBT rights table Oceania


Tables:

Australasia

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LGBT rights in: Same-sex sexual activity Recognition of same-sex unions Same-sex marriage Adoption by same-sex couples LGBT people allowed to serve openly in military? Anti-discrimination laws concerning sexual orientation Laws concerning gender identity/expression
Australia Australia
(including territories of
 Christmas Island, the
 Cocos (Keeling) Islands and
 Norfolk Island) 		Yes Always legal for women. Male legal in some states and territories since 1975, nationwide since 1997. Tasmania was the last state to legalise male homosexuality; Equal age of consent in some states and territories since 1975, nationwide since 2016.
+ UN decl. sign.[1] 		Yes Unregistered cohabitation nationally since 2009;
Domestic partnerships in Tasmania (2004),[2] South Australia (2007),[3] Victoria (2008),[4] New South Wales (2010),[5] and Queensland (2012);[6]
Civil unions in the Australian Capital Territory (2012)[7] 		Yes Legal since 2017[8] Yes Legal nationwide since 2018 Yes Gay men and lesbians since 1992[9]; Transgender and intersex people since 2010[10] Yes Bans all anti-gay discrimination.[11] Yes Different regulations within each jurisdiction on change of sex. NSW explicitly legally requires sexual reassignment surgery to change sex on a birth certificate, since 1996.[12][13]
New Zealand New Zealand Yes Legal since 1986
+ UN decl. sign.[1] 		Yes Unregistered cohabitation since 2002;
Civil unions since 2005 		Yes Legal since 2013[14] Yes Legal since 2013[14] Yes Since 1993; Includes transgender people[15] Yes Bans all anti-gay discrimination Yes Covered under the "sex discrimination" provision of the Human Rights Act 1993; From July 2023, change of sex on a birth certificate by self-determination.[16][17]

Melanesia

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LGBT rights in: Same-sex sexual activity Recognition of same-sex unions Same-sex marriage Adoption by same-sex couples LGBT people allowed to serve openly in military? Anti-discrimination laws concerning sexual orientation Laws concerning gender identity/expression
Fiji Fiji Yes Legal since 2010
+ UN decl. sign.[18][1] 		No No No Yes Bans all anti-gay discrimination[1]
Pathologization or attempted treatment of sexual orientation by mental health professionals illegal since 2010
Indonesia Indonesia Yes Legal (except in Aceh)[1][19] No No No No Yes Limited protection following legal process by the authorities.[20] Yes Transgender people allowed to change legal gender, but only after sex reassignment surgery.
New Caledonia New Caledonia
(Special collectivity of France) 		Yes Legal
(No laws against same-sex sexual activity have ever existed in the collectivity)
+ UN decl. sign.[1] 		Yes Civil solidarity pact since 2009[21] Yes Legal since 2013 Yes Legal since 2013 Yes France responsible for defence Yes Bans all anti-gay discrimination Yes Under French law
Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea No Male illegal
Penalty: 3 to 14 years imprisonment (Rarely enforced, legalization proposed).
Yes Female always legal[1] 		No No No No No No
Solomon Islands Solomon Islands No Illegal
Penalty: Up to 14 years imprisonment (Not enforced, Legalization proposed).[1] 		No No No Has no military No[22] No
Vanuatu Vanuatu Yes Legal
(No laws against same-sex sexual activity have ever existed since independence[23])
+ UN decl. sign.[1] 		No No No Yes Bans some anti-gay discrimination No

Micronesia

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LGBT rights in: Same-sex sexual activity Recognition of same-sex unions Same-sex marriage Adoption by same-sex couples LGBT people allowed to serve openly in military? Anti-discrimination laws concerning sexual orientation Laws concerning gender identity/expression Lack of a Presence of Anti-LGBT laws
Guam Guam
(Unincorporated territory of the United States) 		Yes Legal since 1978 Yes Since 2015 Yes Legal since 2015 Yes Legal since 2002 Yes United States responsible for defense[24][25] Yes Bans some anti-gay discrimination Yes Allowed to legally change gender, but requires sex reassignment surgery Yes
Federated States of Micronesia Micronesia Yes Legal
+ UN decl. sign.[1] 		No No No Has no military Yes Bans all anti-gay discrimination[26]
Kiribati Kiribati No Male illegal
Penalty: 5-14 years imprisonment (Not enforced, Legalization proposed).
Yes Female legal[1] 		No No No Has no military Yes Bans some anti-gay discrimination No
Marshall Islands Marshall Islands Yes Legal since 2005
+ UN decl. sign.[1] 		No No No Has no military Yes Bans all anti-gay discrimination[27]
Nauru Nauru Yes Legal since 2016[28][29]
+ UN decl. sign. 		No No No Has no military No
Pathologization or attempted treatment of sexual orientation by mental health professionals illegal since 2016 		No
Northern Mariana Islands Northern Mariana Islands
(Unincorporated territory of the United States) 		Yes Legal since 1983 Yes Since 2015 Yes Legal since 2015 Yes Legal since 2015 Yes United States responsible for defense[24][25] Yes Bans some anti-gay discrimination[30][31] Yes Under the Vital Statistics Act of 2006 Yes
Palau Palau Yes Legal since 2014
+ UN decl. sign.[32] 		No No Constitutional ban since 2008 No Has no military No No
United States United States Minor Outlying Islands
(Unincorporated territories of the United States) 		Yes Legal Yes Yes Legal Yes Legal Yes United States responsible for defense[24][25] No No Yes

Polynesia

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LGBT rights in: Same-sex sexual activity Recognition of same-sex unions Same-sex marriage Adoption by same-sex couples LGBT people allowed to serve openly in military? Anti-discrimination laws concerning sexual orientation Laws concerning gender identity/expression
American Samoa American Samoa
(Unincorporated territory of the United States)[33] 		Yes Legal since 1980 No/Yes Same-sex marriages recognized but not performed under Respect for Marriage Act since 2022. No/Yes Same-sex marriages recognized but not performed under Respect for Marriage Act since 2022.[34] No Yes United States responsible for defense[24][25] No Yes[35]
Cook Islands Cook Islands
(Part of the Realm of New Zealand) 		Yes Legal since 2023
+ UN decl. sign.[1] 		No No No Yes New Zealand responsible for defence Yes Bans some anti-gay discrimination[36] No
Easter Island Easter Island
(Special territory of Chile) 		Yes Legal since 1999
+ UN decl. sign.[1] 		Yes Civil unions since 2015[37] Yes Since 2022[38] Yes Since 2022[38] Yes Chile responsible for defence[39][40] Yes Bans all anti-gay discrimination[41]
Pathologization or attempted treatment of sexual orientation by mental health professionals illegal since 2021 		Yes Transgender persons can change their legal gender and name since 1974.
No surgeries or judicial order since 2019.[42]
French Polynesia French Polynesia
(Overseas collectivity of France) 		Yes Legal
(No laws against same-sex sexual activity have ever existed in the collectivity)
+ UN decl. sign.[1] 		Yes Since 2013 Yes Legal since 2013 Yes Legal since 2013 Yes France responsible for defence Yes Bans all anti-gay discrimination Yes Under French law
Hawaii Hawaii
(Constituent state of the United States) 		Yes Since 1972 Yes Since 1997 Yes Since 2013 Yes Since 2012 Yes United States responsible for defence Yes Bans all anti-gay discrimination Yes
Niue Niue
(Part of the Realm of New Zealand) 		No Male illegal
Penalty: 5-10 years imprisonment. (Not enforced, Legalization proposed).[43]
Yes Female legal
+ UN decl. sign.[1] 		No No No Yes New Zealand responsible for defence
Pitcairn Islands Pitcairn Islands
(Overseas Territory of the United Kingdom) 		Yes Legal since 2001
+ UN decl. sign.[1] 		Yes Since 2015 Yes Legal since 2015[44] Yes Legal since 2015[45] Yes UK responsible for defence Yes Constitutional ban on all anti-gay discrimination[46]
Samoa Samoa No Male illegal
Penalty: 5-7 years imprisonment (Not enforced). Legalization proposed
Yes Female always legal
+ UN decl. sign.[1] 		No No No Has no military Yes Bans some anti-gay discrimination[47]
Pathologization or attempted treatment of sexual orientation by mental health professionals illegal since 2007 		Samoa has a large transgender or "third-gender" community called the fa'afafine. They are a recognized part of traditional Samoan customs.
Tokelau Tokelau
(Dependent territory of the Realm of New Zealand) 		Yes Legal since 2003[48]
+ UN decl. sign.[1] 		No No No Yes New Zealand responsible for defence No No
Tonga Tonga No Male illegal
Penalty: Up to 10 years imprisonment (Not enforced, Legalization proposed).
Yes Female always legal[1] 		No No No No No No
Tuvalu Tuvalu No Male illegal
Penalty: Up to 14 years imprisonment (Not enforced). Legalization proposed
Yes Female legal
+ UN decl. sign.[1] 		No No Consitutional ban since 2023 No Has no military Yes Bans some anti-gay discrimination
Wallis and Futuna Wallis and Futuna
(Overseas collectivity of France) 		Yes Legal
(No laws against same-sex sexual activity have ever existed in the collectivity)
+ UN decl. sign.[1] 		Yes Civil solidarity pact since 2009 Yes Legal since 2013 Yes Legal since 2013 Yes France responsible for defence Yes Bans all anti-gay discrimination Yes Under French law

References

These references will appear in the article, but this list appears only on this page.
  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v "State Sponsored Homophobia 2016: A world survey of sexual orientation laws: criminalisation, protection and recognition" (PDF). International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association. 17 May 2016. Retrieved 19 May 2016.
  2. ^ "Relationships Act 2003". Tasmanian Legislation. Retrieved 14 September 2012.
  3. ^ "South Australia gays get new rights by Tony Grew (7 December 2006)". pinknews.com.au. Retrieved 3 September 2007.
  4. ^ Relationships Act 2008 (Vic)
  5. ^ "Massive support for register". Star Observer. 13 May 2010. Retrieved 14 September 2012.
  6. ^ Agius, Kym (1 December 2011). "Bligh asks ALP to support gay marriage". Retrieved 14 September 2012.
  7. ^ "Civil Unions Bill 2011". ACT Government. Retrieved 14 September 2012.
  8. ^ Chang, Charis (8 December 2017). "Same-sex marriage is now legal in Australia". news.com.au. Retrieved 8 December 2017.
  9. ^ "Australia Ends a Prohibition On Homosexuals in Military". query.nytimes.com. 24 November 1992.
  10. ^ Sweijs, Tim. "LGBT Military Personnel: a Strategic Vision for Inclusion". hcss.nl. The Hague Centre for Strategic Studies. Retrieved 4 November 2020.
  11. ^ "Sex Discrimination Amendment (Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Intersex Status) Bill 2013". aph.gov.au.
  12. ^ "Change of sex". NSW Government. Archived from the original on October 27, 2021. Retrieved May 24, 2024.
  13. ^ McCormack, Madura (June 15, 2023). "Qld passes laws to change gender on birth certificate without surgery". Courier Mail. Archived from the original on July 21, 2023. Retrieved May 24, 2024.
  14. ^ a b "Marriage equality Bill officially signed into law". gaynz.com. 19 April 2013.
  15. ^ Sweijs, Tim. "LGBT Military Personnel: a Strategic Vision for Inclusion". hcss.nl. The Hague Centre for Strategic Studies. Retrieved 4 November 2020.
  16. ^ "New Zealand passes law making it easier to change sex on birth certificates". The Guardian. December 9, 2021.
  17. ^ "Births, Deaths, Marriages, and Relationships Registration Bill". New Zealand Parliament. Archived from the original on December 5, 2017. Retrieved May 24, 2024.
  18. ^ Chand, Shalveen (26 February 2010). "Same sex law decriminalised". Fiji Times. Archived from the original on 22 August 2011. Retrieved 6 October 2011.
  19. ^ "Satpol PP Palembang, Ungkap Sering Temukan Pasangan LGBT, Tapi Sulit Ditindak". Sripoku.com. February 6, 2020.
  20. ^ Rongiyati, Sulasi (November 2015). "Surat Edaran Kapolri Tentang Ujaran Kebencian: Menjaga Kebebasan Berpendapat Dan Harmonisasi Kemajemukan" (PDF). Info Singkat. 7 (21): 1–4. ISSN 2088-2351.
  21. ^ "NEW CALEDONIA CATCHES UP TO FRANCE". Star Observer. 9 June 2009.
  22. ^ Verheyen, Vincent. "Sexual orientation [LGBTQ+] and the draft of the new Solomon Islands Constitution". Retrieved 3 March 2016.
  23. ^ "Submission to the UN Universal Periodic Review regarding the protection of the rights of LGBTI persons in Vanuatu" (PDF). Kaleidoscope Human Rights Foundation and the VPride Foundation. Retrieved 5 April 2021.
  24. ^ a b c d "In 60 days, gays will be allowed to serve openly in the military". CNN. 23 July 2011.
  25. ^ a b c d "Beginning today, transgender individuals can join the US military". ABC News. 1 January 2018.
  26. ^ "Act No 20-150" (PDF). Federated States of Micronesia. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 15, 2018. Retrieved May 24, 2024.
  27. ^ "GENDER EQUALITY ACT, 2019" (PDF). 2019. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 11, 2021. Retrieved May 24, 2024.
  28. ^ "Nauru decriminalises homosexuality". RNZ. May 27, 2016. Archived from the original on June 1, 2016. Retrieved May 24, 2024.
  29. ^ "Crimes Act 2016". Ronlaw. 2016. Archived from the original on August 7, 2016. Retrieved May 24, 2024.
  30. ^ "CHAPTER 90-40 MARIANAS VISITORS AUTHORITY PERSONNEL REGULATIONS" (PDF).
  31. ^ "TITLE 10 CIVIL SERVICE COMMISSION" (PDF). Commonwealth Law Revision Commission. 2016. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 15, 2018. Retrieved May 24, 2024.
  32. ^ "Palau decriminalises sex between men". Gay NZ. October 15, 2014. Archived from the original on October 18, 2014. Retrieved May 24, 2024.
  33. ^ "Sodomy Laws American Samoa". Sodomylaws.org. 28 March 2004. Archived from the original on 19 February 2012. Retrieved 21 December 2008.
  34. ^ Sagapolutele, Fili. "American Samoa is lone US territory questioning gay marriage validity; no licenses sought". USNews. Retrieved 10 July 2015.
  35. ^ "American Samoa". National Center for Transgender Equality.
  36. ^ "Employment Relations Act 2012" (PDF). intaff.whupi.com. 2012.
  37. ^ "LEY-20830 21-ABR-2015 MINISTERIO SECRETARIA GENERAL DE GOBIERNO - Ley Chile - Biblioteca del Congreso Nacional". 21 April 2015.
  38. ^ a b Bonnefoy, Pascale; Londoño, Ernesto (2021-12-07). "Chile Legalizes Same-Sex Marriage at Fraught Political Moment". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2021-12-07.
  39. ^ (in Spanish) Claudio Ortiz Lazo. "Reflexiones en torno a la homosexualidad y fuerzas armadas". Revista Fuerzas Armadas y Sociedad. Retrieved 21 April 2012.
  40. ^ Chile, C. N. N. "Histórico: Ejército admite por primera vez en sus filas a un hombre trans". CNN Chile (in Spanish). Retrieved 2 February 2021.
  41. ^ "Chile Congress passes anti-discrimination law". Jurist.org. 5 April 2012. Retrieved 29 June 2012.
  42. ^ "Chilean President Signs Transgender Rights Law". On Top Magazine.
  43. ^ "Criminal Law Code" (PDF). Niue Legislation 2019 Volume 1. p. 542.
  44. ^ "Pitcairn Island: Same Sex Marriage and Civil Partnership Ordinance 2015". Equality Case Files. Archived from the original on June 23, 2015. Retrieved May 24, 2024.
  45. ^ "Laws - PITCAIRN". GayLawNet. Archived from the original on June 23, 2015. Retrieved May 24, 2024.
  46. ^ "The Pitcairn Constitution Order 2010" (PDF). Pitcairn Islands. 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 18, 2011. Retrieved May 24, 2024.
  47. ^ "Labour and Employment Relations Act 2013" (PDF). parliament.gov.ws.
  48. ^ "Crimes, Procedure and Evidence Rules 2003". PacLii. Retrieved 9 April 2021.
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