Tell Rashid is a tell, or archaeological settlement mound, in Diyala Governorate, Iraq. The site lies in the foothills of the Zagros Mountains, some 12 km (7.5 mi) south of Tell Abada, another Ubaid period site. It measures 54 by 30 m and extends 2.5 m above the surrounding plain. Tell Rashid was excavated for a single season in 1978 under the direction of Sabah Abboud Jasim as part of the archaeological salvage work being done for the construction of the Hemrin Dam.[1] The excavation trench reached a depth of 5 m, at which point virgin soil (undisturbed by human activity) was reached. Four different occupation levels were recognised, all dating to the Ubaid period.[2]
  Shown within Iraq | |
| Location | Iraq |
|---|---|
| Region | Diyala Governorate |
| Coordinates | 34°1′48″N 45°10′12″E / 34.03000°N 45.17000°E |
| Type | tell |
| Length | 54 metre |
| Width | 30 metre |
| Height | 2.5 metre |
| History | |
| Periods | Ubaid period |
| Site notes | |
| Excavation dates | 1978 |
| Archaeologists | Sabah Abboud Jasim |
Occupation history
editThe oldest level, IV, consists of some mudbrick foundations that were part of a larger building that extended beyond the excavated area. Based on the ceramics, the level could be dated to Ubaid 2. Level III yielded significant architectural remains, consisting of at least three separate buildings.[3] Two of these were examples of the typical tripartite Ubaid house with a central hall or courtyard with smaller rooms on either long side. One of the buildings contained two child burials. The smaller of these two buildings had a facade adorned with buttresses, suggesting that this building may have had a special purpose, for example, as a guest house. In level II, parts of a single building with several rooms were excavated. The youngest level I was severely damaged and only some wall fragments and hearths were found.[2][4]
Material culture
editArtefacts recovered from the excavation included clay animal figurines and spindle whorls, undefined tokens, and sling bullets. Small cones found at the site have been interpreted as labrets. Stone blades were also found, some of which still had pieces of bitumen sticking to them, indicating that they were probably inserted in a wooden shaft, for example, to create a sickle. Recovered pottery consisted mostly of painted, incised, or impressed ware and could be dated to the Ubaid 2-3 periods.[2][4] Parallels for the so-called Fine Painted Ware at Tell Rashid have been found as far away as Yumuktepe in Turkey.[5]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Jasim, Sabah Abboud (2021). Tell Abada : an Ubaid village in Central Mesopotamia (PDF). Sebastian Payne, Bob Bewley. Chicago. ISBN 978-1-61491-069-5. OCLC 1303909590.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ a b c Jasim, Sabah Abboud (1983). "Notes on the excavation at Tell Rashid, Iraq". Paléorient. 9 (1): 99–103. doi:10.3406/paleo.1983.4336.
- ^ "Excavations in Iraq, 1977-78". Iraq. 41 (2): 141–181. 1979. doi:10.1017/S0021088900005052. ISSN 0021-0889. JSTOR 4200109.
- ^ a b Beyond the Ubaid : transformation and integration in the late prehistoric societies of the Middle East (PDF). Robert A. Carter, Graham Philip, University of Chicago. Oriental Institute, Grey College. Chicago, Ill.: Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago. 2010. ISBN 978-1-885923-66-0. OCLC 646401242.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link) - ^ Caneva, Isabella; Palumbi, Giulio; Pasquino, Antonia (2012). "The Ubaid impact on the periphery : Mersin-Yumuktepe during the fifth millennium BC". Publications de l'Institut Français d'Études Anatoliennes. 27 (1): 353–389.
Further reading
edit- Jasim, Sabbah Aboud (1985). The Ubaid period in Iraq. Part i: recent excavations in the Hamrin region. Oxford: B.A.R. OCLC 715406987.