Stanley Williams Moore (July 24, 1914 – December 5, 1997) was an American professor of philosophy, specializing in the study of Karl Marx. He taught at Reed College until 1954, when he was subpoenaed by the House Un-American Activities Committee and refused to answer questions about his political beliefs. He was fired by the college and worked part-time for Barnard College for the next decade, before being offered a full-time position with the University of California, San Diego.
Stanley Moore | |
|---|---|
| Born | July 24, 1914 Oakland, California, U.S. |
| Died | December 5, 1997 (aged 83) |
| Academic background | |
| Alma mater | University of California, Berkeley |
| Academic work | |
| Institutions | Reed College Barnard College University of California, San Diego |
Early life
editMoore was born on July 24, 1914, in Oakland, California. Growing up on a ranch near San Jose, he studied philosophy at the University of California, Berkeley.[1][2] He graduated with a bachelor's of arts degree in 1935 and studied briefly at Harvard University, before returning to Berkeley to receive his Ph.D. in 1940. After two years of teaching at Harvard, Moore was drafted into the U.S. Air Force during World War II and was stationed overseas in Britain and Russia.[1][3] He later spoke about waiting to be drafted before joining the military because, as a Marxist, he was worried that he would not pass the background checks required for direct commission. After he left the military, he spent two terms at Cambridge University and then began teaching philosophy at Reed College in Portland, Oregon.[1][3][4]
Academic career
editMoore was a social and political philosopher, specializing in the study of Karl Marx. He published four books, The Critique of Capitalist Democracy (1957), Three Tactics (1963), Marx and the Choice Between Socialism and Communism (1980), and Marx Versus Markets (1993).[5]
Public hearing
editMoore was a member of the Communist Party, although he later claimed to have left the party around 1953 due to a disillusionment with the Soviet Union, particularly citing the US organization's stance on the doctors' plot.[3][5] Eighteen months later, he was subpoenaed by the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC), a congressional committee with the aim of identifying communists in the country. He was brought before a public hearing in Portland, where he refused to testify about his political beliefs, relying on the Fifth Amendment. Moore was suspended from his professorship with Reed College due to his testimony.[3] In response, he wrote a 10-page open letter to the university about academic freedom, arguing that, "It is an abuse of power for an employer to question an employee about his politics. It is a travesty of justice to do so in an atmosphere created by pressure from influential demagogues".[3][4] He claimed that the college was aware he was a Marxist and they had nevertheless promoted him to full professorship.[3][4][6]
Later career
editMoore was fired from the university in August 1954 and struggled to find other work for the next decade, teaching on a part-time basis at Barnard College from 1955 to 1965. He spoke alongside Herbert Marcuse and Lewis Feuer at a symposium titled "Marx Today", hosted by the University of California, San Diego in 1964 and on the basis of this talk, he was hired by the university, where he taught from 1965 to his retirement in 1974.[3][4][5] In 1981, Reed College issued an official apology to Moore and the college president Steven S. Koblik invited him back in 1993 to give a lecture.[3][5][6]
Personal life
editMoore was briefly married to Marguerite Higgins, a war correspondent. In 1950, he had a relationship with one of his undergraduate students, Fay Stender.[4] He later married Daphne and had two daughters, Daisy and Dinah.[1]
Death
editMoore died on December 5, 1997, in Santa Barbara, California, at the age of 83.[3][5]
Works
editReferences
edit- ^ a b c d "Stanley Moore dies at 83". Reed Magazine. February 1998. Retrieved January 26, 2024.
- ^ Harmon, Rick (August 1997). "In the eye of the storm". Reed Magazine. Retrieved February 7, 2007.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i "Stanley Moore (1914-1997)". Oregon History Project. 2002. Retrieved January 26, 2024.
- ^ a b c d e Perry, Douglas (March 15, 2018). "The 'Portland Four' fought back during McCarthy era, but the stigma of radicalism dogged them". Oregon Live. Retrieved January 26, 2024.
- ^ a b c d e Arneson, Richard J.; Olafson, Frederick A.; Stroll, Avrum; Anagnostopoulos, Georgios H. (1998). "Stanley W. Moore, Philosophy: San Diego". University of California at Berkeley. Retrieved January 26, 2024.
- ^ a b "Reed Professor Fired During Red Scare May Return To Visit Campus -- Accuser Apologizes For 1954 Act". The Seattle Times. December 23, 1996. Retrieved January 26, 2024.
Further reading
edit- McKay, Floyd J. (1997). "After Cool Deliberation: Reed College, Oregon Editors, and the Red Scare of 1954". The Pacific Northwest Quarterly. 89 (1): 12–20. ISSN 0030-8803.
- Munk, Michael (1996). "Oregon Tests Academic Freedom in (Cold) Wartime: The Reed College Trustees versus Stanley Moore". Oregon Historical Quarterly. 97 (3): 262–354. ISSN 0030-4727.
- Martin, Stephen (1997). "Righting the Wrongs of McCarthyism". Chronicle of Higher Education. 43 (29). ISSN 0009-5982.