Soboleff is a surname, a transliteration variant of the Russian surname Sobolev. Notable people with the surname include:
- Vicki Lee Soboleff (born 1964), Haida and Tlingit artist, dancer, and teacher
- Vincent Soboleff (fl. 1890s-1920s), Russian-American photographer, subject of research by Sergei Kan
- Walter Soboleff (1908-2011), Tlingit scholar, elder and religious leader