The Secondigliano Alliance (Italian: Alleanza di Secondigliano) is a strategic alliance of Camorra clans in the Italian city of Naples and its hinterland, controlling drug trafficking and extortion rackets in many areas of the city since the 1990s. The Alliance has branches in the Netherlands and in Spain, with interests in international drug trafficking and money laundering.
| Founded | Late 1980s |
|---|---|
| Founded by | |
| Founding location | Secondigliano, Naples, Italy |
| Years active | 1980s-present |
| Territory | Various neighborhoods of Naples, Italy Presence also in The Netherlands, Spain and Dominican Republic |
| Criminal activities | Racketeering, Fraud, Smuggling, Extortion, Drug trafficking, Money laundering, Political corruption, Human trafficking |
| Allies | |
| Rivals |
|
Early years
editThe Secondigliano Alliance originally consisted of the Licciardi clan, Contini clan and Lo Russo clan from Naples and the Mallardo clan from Giugliano. It was initiated by Gennaro Licciardi, who built his clan in the early 1990s in Secondigliano, a northern suburb of Naples.[1] The alliance included Edoardo Contini and Francesco Mallardo, and dominated the Neapolitan underworld during the 1990s. When the three male leaders died or were imprisoned, Licciardi’s sister Maria Licciardi was left in charge of the alliance.[2] Under her leadership, the alliance became more organized, secretive, sophisticated and consequently more powerful.[3]
The reign of Maria Licciardi ran smoothly for many years until a disagreement arose over a consignment of pure unrefined Turkish heroin in the spring of 1999. Licciardi decreed it should not be used, as it was too chemically pure for drug users and would likely kill them. However, the Lo Russo clan disagreed and repackaged the shipment for sale on the streets, resulting in the deaths of many. The subsequent great public outrage resulted in massive police crackdowns on the Camorra clans, with many camorristi arrested and imprisoned.[4] The Lo Russo clan eventually split from the alliance, leading to a violent gang war against the other clans which claimed 120 lives in Naples and the surrounding region.[1][4]
After Maria Licciardi was arrested in 2001,[1] her brother Vincenzo Licciardi took over the Secondigliano Alliance along with Paolo Di Lauro and Edoardo Contini. Vincenzo Licciardi was himself arrested on February 7, 2008.[5]
Current status
editIn June 2019, Italian police arrested more than 120 members of the Alliance in an anti-Camorra operation. Police also confiscated €130 million. Among those who were arrested were the wives of the bosses of the Bosti, Mallardo, Licciardi and Contini clans, as well as their lieutenants, children, grandchildren and entrepreneurs who worked for the alliance.[6][7] The historical female boss managed to escape from the arrest in the operation.[8]
Despite numerous police operations, the Secondigliano Alliance is still considered the most powerful organization in the Camorra.[9]
In May 2020, Patrizio Bosti, a leader of the Secondigliano Alliance and one of the most powerful living Camorra bosses, was released from prison. Bosti, who was serving a prison sentence since his arrest in Spain in 2008, was not due to be released until 2023; however, he mounted a successful legal challenge against the state, citing inhumane treatment due to overcrowding.[10] According to the investigations, Bosti's freedom makes the Secondigliano Alliance even stronger; considering that Maria Licciardi is also free, this allows the organization to have two of its historical leaders out of prison.[11] On May 16, 2020, Bosti was rearrested. The new prison order concerns a recalculation of the sentence by the Emilia-Romagna judiciary, as he was serving his sentence in the region on the basis of documents provided by the Naples Public Prosecutor. According to the authorities, Bosti has to serve another six years in jail.[12][13]
Alessia Salera, a Secondigliano Secretary, was arrested again at Rome's Ciampino airport by Carabinieri on the orders of Naples prosecutors, alleged to have been running extortion rackets as head of the Licciardi Camorra clan, on 7 August 2021 when attempting to travel to Spain.[14]
Activities
editThe Alliance is strongly active in Spain: numerous important members of the organization were arrested in the country, such as Paolo Di Mauro, who died in 2018, and was considered by the authorities one of its top associates, particularly linked to the Continis.[15][16]
Seven members of the organization were also arrested in Spain, Netherlands, South America and the Balkans, where they were running illicit businesses on behalf of the Alliance.[17]
The Alliance is also believed to use Santo Domingo in the Dominican Republic to launder money.[18]
The group is believed by the authorities to be allied with the Commisso 'ndrina in the trafficking and sale of cocaine and marijuana from South America, via the Netherlands.[19]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b c Behan, See Naples and Die, pp. 262-3
- ^ Fiandaca, Women and the Mafia, p. 15
- ^ Godmother sends deadly message to her Mafia rivals, The Daily Telegraph, June 19, 2001
- ^ a b Italy's most wanted Mamma, The Guardian, June 30, 2000
- ^ Italy, U.S. target Mafia in massive raids, The Associated Press, February 7, 2008
- ^ "Camorra, scacco all'alleanza di Secondigliano: oltre 100 arresti". rainews.it. Rai News. June 26, 2019.
- ^ "Over 120 arrested in Italian mafia raids". theaustralian.com.au. The Australian. June 26, 2019.
- ^ "Blitz Secondigliano, Maria Licciardi 'a piccerella è in fuga". Fanpage.it. June 26, 2019.
- ^ Internapoli, Redazione (2019-10-25). ""Alleanza di Secondigliano e Mazzarella i clan più attenzionati", parla il Capo della Procura". InterNapoli.it (in Italian). Retrieved 2020-04-06.
- ^ "Chi è 'O Patrizio, il "maradona" della malavita napoletana". Voce di Napoli (in Italian). 2020-05-14. Retrieved 2020-05-14.
- ^ Rossi, Alberto (2020-05-14). "Napoli, scarcerato Patrizio Bosti: per il boss dell'Alleanza di Secondigliano anche un risarcimento". Teleclubitalia notizie da Napoli e dall'Italia (in Italian). Retrieved 2020-05-14.
- ^ "Camorra: arrestato Patrizio Bosti, capo Alleanza di Secondigliano". rainews (in Italian). Retrieved 2020-05-16.
- ^ "Camorra: torna in cella il boss Patrizio Bosti, era stato scarcerato e risarcito per trattamento inumano". www.ilmattino.it (in Italian). 16 May 2020. Retrieved 2020-05-16.
- ^ "Reputed mafia 'godmother' arrested at Rome airport". The Guardian. Associated Press. 7 August 2021.
- ^ Extremadura, El Periódico (28 January 2010). "Detenidos en Barcelona dos capos de la camorra". El Periódico Extremadura (in Spanish). Retrieved 2020-06-10.
- ^ "È morto il super boss della camorra, chi era Paolo Di Mauro 'o Infermiere, : "Comandava in città"". Voce di Napoli (in Italian). 2018-11-22. Retrieved 2020-06-10.
- ^ "Camorra: scacco all'Alleanza; 12 ricercati, 7 all'estero". la Repubblica. June 28, 2019.
- ^ "Gli affari dell'Alleanza a Santo Domingo e l'ultimatum di Mallardo: "Ridatemi i soldi o finisce male"". teleclubitalia.it (in Italian). June 27, 2019.
- ^ Bitonto, Stefano Di (2020-05-14). "Scarcerato Patrizio Bosti, scuse e risarcimento dello Stato per il boss dell'Alleanza di Secondigliano". InterNapoli.it (in Italian). Archived from the original on 8 June 2020.
- Behan, Tom (2002), See Naples and Die: The Camorra and Organized Crime, London/New York: Taurus Publishers
- Fiandaca, Giovanni (ed.) (2007), Women and the Mafia: Female Roles in Organized Crime Structures, New York: Springer ISBN 0-387-36537-0