Sarajevo Synagogue

Sarajevo Synagogue
Sarajevo Synagogue
Bosnian: Синагога у Сарајеву, romanized: Sinagoga u Sarajevu
	The synagogue in 2015
Religion
Affiliation	Orthodox Judaism
Rite	Nusach Ashkenaz
Ecclesiastical or organisational status	Synagogue
Status	Active
Location
Location	Hamdije Kreševljakovića, 59 Quartier de Drvenjia, Sarajevo
Country	Bosnia and Herzegovina
	Location of the synagogue; in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Geographic coordinates	43°51′23″N 18°25′30″E / 43.856406822117656°N 18.425116086469778°E
Architecture
Architect(s)	Karel Pařík
Type	Synagogue architecture
Style	Moorish Revival
Date established	Late 19th-century
Completed	1902
Dome(s)	4
KONS of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Official name	Ashkenazi synagogue, the historic monument
Type	Category II cultural property
Criteria	A, C iii.iv.v., D iii.iv., E i.ii.iii.iv.v, G iii.vi., H i.ii.
Designated	July 6, 2006 (decision No. 07.1-2-126/06-4)
Reference no.	2844
	List of National Monuments of Bosnia and Herzegovina

The Sarajevo Synagogue (Serbo-Croatian: Sinagoga u Sarajevu, Синагога у Сарајеву) is an Orthodox Jewish congregation and synagogue, located on the south bank of the river Miljacka, in Sarajevo, in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The synagogue was constructed in 1902 and is the only functioning synagogue in Sarajevo today. The congregation worships in the Ashkenazi rite.

History

The history of the Jews in Sarajevo dates back over 400 years to 1541 when the first Jewish settlers arrived via Salonika. These early settlers were primarily artisans, merchants, pharmacists, and doctors. In 1577, with permission from Pasha Siavush, they established their own quarter, known as El Cortijo (the courtyard). In 1580, the community, with the assistance of a Turkish benefactor, built a synagogue in El Cortijo within a building called Velika Avlija. By the end of the 16th century, the structure housing Velika Avlija became known as the Old Jewish Cathedral, Sarajevo's first synagogue. The building burned down in both 1679 and 1778, and was rebuilt each time. It now serves as a Jewish museum. Next door is the New Synagogue (Novi Hram) serving as an art gallery owned by the Jewish community of Sarajevo.

Ashkenazi Jews arrived in Sarajevo during the Austro-Hungarian Empire in the late 19th century. The Sarajevo Ashkenazi synagogue was designed by Karel Pařík and built in 1902.

The Sephardic community constructed their own Il Kal Grande synagogue of 1932, acknowledged as the largest and most ornate synagogues in the Balkans. It was devastated by the Nazis in 1941 during World War II, but the Ashkenazi synagogue was able to escape destruction.^[1]

The Holocaust in the 1940s and the civil war during the 1990s left fewer than 5,700 Jews in former Yugoslavia. The Jewish community, like the entire country, was once defined by its unique combination of eastern and western traditions. Populations of Sephardi and Ashkenazi Jews peacefully co-existed with their Christian and Muslim neighbors in Sarajevo and elsewhere in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Architecture

The synagogue was designed in the Moorish Revival style, a popular choice for synagogues in the Austro-Hungarian Empire.^{[citation needed]}

The synagogue has enormous arches with richly painted decorations. The high, ornate ceiling was highlighted by a ten-pointed star. Today the synagogue is confined to the women's galleries on the upper floor. At the entrance, a stone menorah commemorates the 400-year anniversary of the Jews in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

The building was renovated in the 2000s.