Roy Dunbar Patterson is an auditory neuroscientist in the Department of Physiology, Development, and Neuroscience at the University of Cambridge.[1] He is a senior research scientist of the UK Medical Research Council and a Fellow of the Acoustical Society of America, from which he received the Silver Medal in Psychological and Physiological Acoustics in 2015.[1]
Roy D. Patterson | |
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| Born | Boston, MA, USA |
| Education | PhD, University of California at San Diego (USCD), 1971 |
| Spouse | Karalyn Patterson |
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Auditory sciences |
| Institutions | Applied Psychology Unit and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK |
| Thesis | "Physical variables determining residue pitch" (1971) |
| Doctoral advisor | David M. Green |
| Website | www |
Biography
editPatterson grew up in Toronto and studied Chemical Engineering and Experimental Psychology at the University of Toronto, graduating in 1967. He did his PhD at the University of California, San Diego, in David M. Green's lab.[1] The purpose was to develop a computational version of J. C. R. Licklider's (1951) "duplex theory of pitch perception". This involved first developing an "auditory filter bank" model of the spectral analysis performed by the human peripheral auditory system,[2][3] and then running experiments on residue pitch perception, to determine how "triggered temporal integration" could transform the neural activity flowing from the auditory filter bank into the temporal dimension of Licklider's duplex model.
Patterson received his PhD in 1971, and returned to Toronto where he was employed by the Defence and Civil Institute of Environmental Medicine. He used the auditory models developed during his doctoral studies to improve auditory warnings in various Canadian aircraft.[1] He moved in 1975 to the Applied Psychology Unit of the Medical Research Council in Cambridge, UK. Among his various pursuits, Patterson continued his work on auditory warnings, including the preparation of guidelines for auditory warning systems on civil aircraft during a stay at the Institute for Perception Research, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.[4] This work found applications by the Royal Air Force, the Civil Aviation Authority, British Rail, the London Fire Brigade and the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) committee on hospital warnings.[1]
In 1990, Patterson, returning to his work on auditory modelling, developed a new dynamic model creating a visual representation of the neural activity resulting from an auditory stimulus: the Auditory Image Model (AIM).[5][6]
Patterson moved in 1997 from the APU, then rebranded CBSU, to the Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience of the University of Cambridge, where he and Ian Winter founded the Centre for the Neural Basis of Hearing (CNBH). The CNBH was a multi-university lab, with a second centre at the University of Essex directed by Ray Meddis. From 2013 to 2015, Patterson worked at the University of Plymouth as Professor of Psychology.[7] Patterson remained the head of the CNBH until 2015.[8]
At the CNBH, Patterson, together with Toshio Irino, developed an optimal "gammachirp" filter that could explain why auditory perception is so robust to variation in source size.[9][10] Patterson and Irino then build a version of the auditory image that is "scale-shift invariant", i.e. where sounds produced by sources of different sizes (e.g. syllables uttered by adults and children) have the same representation, except for a translation.[11]
Personal life
editPatterson and his wife Karalyn Patterson are "foodies" who combine good food and wine with scientific conversation at their dinners.[1] Roy is also an avid gardener, specializing in exotic conifers such as giant sequoia and other redwoods.[1]
References
edit- ^ a b c d e f g Yost, William A.; Leek, Marjorie R.; Meddis, Raymond (September 2015). "Acoustical Society of America Silver Medal in Psychological and Physiological Acoustics: Roy D. Patterson". The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 138 (3): 1865–1868. doi:10.1121/1.4934193.
- ^ Patterson, Roy D. (April 1974). "Auditory filter shape". The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 55 (4): 802–809. doi:10.1121/1.1914603.
- ^ Patterson, Roy D. (March 1976). "Auditory filter shapes derived with noise stimuli". The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 59 (3): 640–654. doi:10.1121/1.380914.
- ^ Patterson, Roy D. "Guidelines for auditory warning systems on civil aircraft" (PDF). Retrieved 30 November 2018.
- ^ Patterson, R. D.; Robinson, K.; Holdsworth, J. W.; McKeown, D.; Zhang, C.; Allerhand, M. "Complex sounds and auditory images". In Cazals, Y.; Demany, L.; Horner, K. (eds.). Auditory Physiology and Perception. Oxford: Pergamon. pp. 429–446.
- ^ "Auditory Image Model – Sound Software .ac.uk". code.soundsoftware.ac.uk.
- ^ "Academy of Europe: Patterson Roy". www.ae-info.org. Retrieved 26 March 2019.
- ^ Thomas, Glynn (26 October 2015). "Roy D. Patterson named recipient of the Silver Medal in Psychological and Physiological Acoustics". www.staff.admin.cam.ac.uk. Retrieved 26 March 2019.
- ^ Irino, Toshio; Patterson, Roy D. (January 1997). "A time-domain, level-dependent auditory filter: The gammachirp". The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 101 (1): 412–419. doi:10.1121/1.417975.
- ^ Irino, Toshio; Patterson, Roy D. (April 2014). "The relationship between speaker size perception and the auditory filter". The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 135 (4): 2347–2347. doi:10.1121/1.4877716.
- ^ Irino, Toshio; Patterson, Roy D. (March 2002). "Segregating information about the size and shape of the vocal tract using a time-domain auditory model: The stabilised wavelet-Mellin transform". Speech Communication. 36 (3–4): 181–203. doi:10.1016/S0167-6393(00)00085-6.