Rockwall County is a county in the U.S. state of Texas. At 149 square miles (390 sq km), Rockwall County has the smallest area of any Texas county. Per the 2020 Census, its population was 107,819.[1] Its county seat is Rockwall.[2] The county and city are named for a wall-like subterranean rock formation that runs throughout the county.
Rockwall County | |
|---|---|
 The Rockwall County Courthouse in Rockwall | |
 Location within the U.S. state of Texas | |
 Texas's location within the U.S. | |
| Coordinates: 32°53′N 96°25′W / 32.89°N 96.41°W | |
| Country |  United States |
| State |  Texas |
| Founded | 1873 |
| Named for | Rockwall, Texas, named in turn for its clastic dikes |
| Seat | Rockwall |
| Largest city | Rockwall |
| Area | |
• Total | 149 sq mi (390 km2) |
| • Land | 127 sq mi (330 km2) |
| • Water | 22 sq mi (60 km2) 15% |
| Population (2020) | |
• Total | 107,819  |
| • Density | 720/sq mi (280/km2) |
| Demonym | Rockwallian |
| Time zone | UTC−6 (Central) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC−5 (CDT) |
| Congressional district | 4th |
| Website | www |
Rockwall County is part of the Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington metropolitan statistical area. It was one of the top 25 fastest-growing counties in the U.S. in 2010.[3] Rockwall County is listed as the wealthiest county in Texas and the 17th wealthiest in the United States by median household income.
Cities in Rockwall County include Rockwall, Heath, Royse City, Fate, McClendon-Chisholm, Mobile City, and part of Rowlett.
History
editRockwall County was formed in 1873 from portions of Kaufman County. It split off because access to the county seat of Kaufman was inconvenient. It was named for its county seat, Rockwall. Rockwall County also is home to the great rock wall, which is no longer in public view today. [4]
Geography
editAccording to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 149 square miles (390 km2), of which 127 square miles (330 km2) are land and 22 square miles (57 km2) (15%) are covered by water.[5] It is the smallest county by area in Texas.
Major highways
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Adjacent counties
edit- Collin County (north)
- Hunt County (east)
- Kaufman County (south)
- Dallas County (west)
- Dallas (mostly in Dallas County with small parts in Collin, Denton, Kaufman and Rockwall counties)
- Fate
- Garland (mostly in Dallas County with a small part in Collin County)
- Heath (small part in Kaufman County)
- McLendon-Chisholm
- Mobile City
- Rockwall (county seat)
- Rowlett (mostly in Dallas County)
- Royse City (partly in Collin and Hunt counties)
- Wylie (mostly in Collin County and a small part in Dallas County)
Demographics
edit| Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1880 | 2,984 | — | |
| 1890 | 5,972 | 100.1% | |
| 1900 | 8,531 | 42.8% | |
| 1910 | 8,072 | −5.4% | |
| 1920 | 8,591 | 6.4% | |
| 1930 | 7,658 | −10.9% | |
| 1940 | 7,051 | −7.9% | |
| 1950 | 6,156 | −12.7% | |
| 1960 | 5,878 | −4.5% | |
| 1970 | 7,046 | 19.9% | |
| 1980 | 14,528 | 106.2% | |
| 1990 | 25,604 | 76.2% | |
| 2000 | 43,080 | 68.3% | |
| 2010 | 78,337 | 81.8% | |
| 2020 | 107,844 | 37.7% | |
| 2023 (est.) | 131,307 | 21.8% | |
| U.S. Decennial Census[7] 1850–2010[8] 2010–2020[1] | |||
| Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) | Pop 2000[9] | Pop 2010[10] | Pop 2020[11] | % 2000 | % 2010 | % 2020 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| White alone (NH) | 35,817 | 58,046 | 70,198 | 83.14% | 74.10% | 65.11% |
| Black or African American alone (NH) | 1,374 | 4,397 | 8,179 | 3.19% | 5.61% | 7.59% |
| Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) | 143 | 345 | 479 | 0.33% | 0.44% | 0.44% |
| Asian alone (NH) | 555 | 1,850 | 3,306 | 1.29% | 2.36% | 3.07% |
| Pacific Islander alone (NH) | 14 | 47 | 75 | 0.03% | 0.06% | 0.07% |
| Other race alone (NH) | 31 | 116 | 344 | 0.07% | 0.15% | 0.32% |
| Mixed race or Multiracial (NH) | 375 | 1,066 | 4,678 | 0.87% | 1.36% | 4.34% |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 4,771 | 12,470 | 20,560 | 11.07% | 15.92% | 19.07% |
| Total | 43,080 | 78,337 | 107,819 | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% |
According to the census of 2000,[12] there were 43,080 people, 14,530 households, and 11,972 families residing in the county. The population density was 334 people per square mile (129 people/km2). There were 15,351 housing units at an average density of 119 units per square mile (46/km2). The racial makeup of the county was 89.17% White, 3.24% Black or African American, 0.40% Native American, 1.32% Asian, 0.05% Pacific Islander, 4.45% from other races, and 1.37% from two or more races. 11.07% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. By the 2020 census, its population increased to 107,819 with a racial and ethnic makeup of 65.11% non-Hispanic whites, 7.59% African Americans, 0.44% Native Americans, 3.07% Asians, 0.07% Pacific Islanders, 0.32% some other race, 4.34% multiracial, and 19.07% Hispanic or Latino of any race.[11]
American Community Survey 2023 Data
The United States Census Bureau estimated that in 2023, Rockwall County’s population was 131,307. It was also estimated that the county was 21.4% Hispanic or Latino, 62.1% NH White, 9.9% NH Black, 3.8% NH Asian, 0.5% NH Native American, 0.1% NH Pacific Islander, 2.1% NH Multiracial.[13]
| Race | Total | Percentage |
| Hispanic or Latino | 28,113 | 21.4% |
| NH White | 81,566 | 62.1% |
| NH Black | 13,027 | 9.9% |
| NH Asian | 5,053 | 3.8% |
| NH Native American | 710 | 0.5% |
| NH Pacific Islander | 103 | 0.1% |
| NH Multiracial | 2,735 | 2.1% |
Education
editThe following school districts serve Rockwall County:[14]
- Rockwall Independent School District (small portion in Kaufman County)
- Royse City Independent School District (small portion in Collin, Hunt counties)
From 1997 to 2015 the number of non-Hispanic white children in K-12 schools in the county increased by 6,000 as part of a trend of white flight and suburbanization by non-Hispanic white families.[15][16]
Collin College's official service area includes all of Rockwall County.[17]
Politics
editPrior to 1972, Rockwall County was a Democratic stronghold. The 1968 election was highly transitional for the county with Hubert Humphrey only winning with 39% of the vote thanks to the strong third-party candidacy of George Wallace. From 1972 on, the county has become a Republican stronghold. George H. W. Bush in 1992 has been the only Republican to fail to win a majority in the county since then, as the strong third-party candidacy of Ross Perot that year led him to a second-place finish in the county over national winner Bill Clinton. However, the county was represented in Congress by a Democrat as late as January 2004, when Representative and Rockwall resident Ralph Hall, a conservative Democrat, switched parties and became a Republican.
However, in recent years, especially as the Dallas-Fort Worth Metro area continues to grow and spill over into neighboring counties, the county's Republican bent has lessened a bit. Native son George W. Bush registered 78% of the vote here in 2004.
Local government
editRockwall County is divided into four precincts, each represented by a County Commissioner.
As of the most recent elections in 2020, all four Commissioners are Republicans.
| Year | Republican | Democratic | Third party(ies) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | |
| 2024 | 43,542 | 69.65% | 18,092 | 28.94% | 879 | 1.41% |
| 2020 | 36,726 | 67.97% | 16,412 | 30.38% | 891 | 1.65% |
| 2016 | 28,451 | 70.81% | 9,655 | 24.03% | 2,074 | 5.16% |
| 2012 | 27,113 | 75.81% | 8,120 | 22.70% | 531 | 1.48% |
| 2008 | 23,300 | 72.45% | 8,492 | 26.40% | 370 | 1.15% |
| 2004 | 20,120 | 78.65% | 5,320 | 20.80% | 141 | 0.55% |
| 2000 | 13,666 | 77.42% | 3,642 | 20.63% | 344 | 1.95% |
| 1996 | 8,319 | 65.01% | 3,289 | 25.70% | 1,188 | 9.28% |
| 1992 | 6,427 | 48.44% | 2,397 | 18.06% | 4,445 | 33.50% |
| 1988 | 7,214 | 72.58% | 2,659 | 26.75% | 66 | 0.66% |
| 1984 | 6,688 | 80.11% | 1,639 | 19.63% | 22 | 0.26% |
| 1980 | 4,036 | 65.27% | 1,985 | 32.10% | 163 | 2.64% |
| 1976 | 2,087 | 53.02% | 1,828 | 46.44% | 21 | 0.53% |
| 1972 | 1,890 | 75.06% | 610 | 24.23% | 18 | 0.71% |
| 1968 | 614 | 31.09% | 778 | 39.39% | 583 | 29.52% |
| 1964 | 445 | 25.36% | 1,305 | 74.36% | 5 | 0.28% |
| 1960 | 652 | 41.19% | 917 | 57.93% | 14 | 0.88% |
| 1956 | 657 | 41.50% | 920 | 58.12% | 6 | 0.38% |
| 1952 | 602 | 33.73% | 1,175 | 65.83% | 8 | 0.45% |
| 1948 | 117 | 9.35% | 947 | 75.64% | 188 | 15.02% |
| 1944 | 98 | 7.22% | 1,153 | 84.90% | 107 | 7.88% |
| 1940 | 95 | 5.92% | 1,510 | 94.08% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1936 | 26 | 2.18% | 1,168 | 97.74% | 1 | 0.08% |
| 1932 | 62 | 4.77% | 1,237 | 95.23% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1928 | 289 | 25.37% | 850 | 74.63% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1924 | 93 | 6.32% | 1,371 | 93.20% | 7 | 0.48% |
| 1920 | 104 | 10.46% | 873 | 87.83% | 17 | 1.71% |
| 1916 | 27 | 3.10% | 828 | 94.95% | 17 | 1.95% |
| 1912 | 0 | 0.00% | 642 | 95.82% | 28 | 4.18% |
See also
edit
References
edit- ^ a b "Rockwall County, Texas". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 30, 2022.
- ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
- ^ El Naser, Haya (March 23, 2010). "Texas big Census winner this decade". USA Today. Retrieved January 21, 2020.
- ^ "The Mysterious Rock Walls of Rockwall, Texas". February 28, 2017.
- ^ "2010 Census Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. August 22, 2012. Retrieved May 9, 2015.
- ^ "Population of Texas Cities and Towns Sorted by County". The County Information Project Texas Association of Counties. Retrieved March 16, 2015.
- ^ "Decennial Census of Population and Housing by Decades". US Census Bureau.
- ^ "Texas Almanac: Population History of Counties from 1850–2010" (PDF). Texas Almanac. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 9, 2022. Retrieved May 9, 2015.
- ^ "P004: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2000: DEC Summary File 1 – Rockwall County, Texas". United States Census Bureau.
- ^ "P2 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Rockwall County, Texas". United States Census Bureau.
- ^ a b "P2 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Rockwall County, Texas". United States Census Bureau.
- ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved May 14, 2011.
- ^ Bureau, US Census. "County Population by Characteristics: 2020-2023". Census.gov. Retrieved November 18, 2024.
{{cite web}}:|last=has generic name (help) - ^ "2020 CENSUS - SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: Rockwall County, TX" (PDF). U.S. Census Bureau. Archived (PDF) from the original on June 14, 2021. Retrieved June 30, 2022. - Text list
- ^ "Texas Education Agency - Student Enrollment Reports, by Grade, Gender and Ethnicity". Texas Education Agency. February 10, 2020. Retrieved January 21, 2021.
- ^ Nicholson, Eric (May 3, 2016). "In Dallas, White Flight Never Ends". Dallas Observer. Retrieved October 29, 2019.
- ^ Texas Education Code, Sec. 130.175. COLLIN COUNTY COMMUNITY COLLEGE DISTRICT SERVICE AREA.
- ^ Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved July 29, 2018.
External links
edit- Rockwall County government's website
- Rockwall County from the Handbook of Texas Online