This article needs additional citations for verification. (June 2016) |
"Ring Out, Wild Bells" is a poem by Alfred, Lord Tennyson. Published in 1850, the year he was appointed Poet Laureate, it forms part of In Memoriam, Tennyson's elegy to Arthur Henry Hallam, his sister's fiancé who died at the age of 22.
| Ring Out, Wild Bells | |
|---|---|
| by Alfred, Lord Tennyson | |
| Country | UK |
| Language | English |
| Subject(s) | New Year |
| Publication date | 1850 |
According to a story widely held in Waltham Abbey, and repeated on many websites (see two examples below), the 'wild bells' in question were the bells of the Abbey Church. According to the local story, Tennyson was staying at High Beach in the vicinity and heard the bells being rung on New Year's Eve.
It is an accepted English custom to ring English Full circle bells to ring out the old year and ring in the new year over midnight on New Year's Eve. Sometimes the bells are rung half-muffled for the death of the old year, then the muffles are removed to ring without muffling to mark the birth of the new year. In some versions of the story it was a particularly stormy night and the bells were being swung by the wind rather than by ringers, but this is highly unlikely given the method of ringing English full circle bells, which requires a considerable swinging arc before the clappers will strike the bell.
The poem
edit
The full text of Ring Out, Wild Bells at Wikisource
Allusions
editThe Gresham's School chapel bell is inscribed with the last line of the poem, plus an attribution to the donor: "Ring in the Christ that is to be, Donum Dedit J. R. E."[1]
Manchester Town Hall's hour bell, completed in 1850, which is called "Great Abel" after the Town Clerk, Abel Heywood, who oversaw the construction of the building, has the lines "Ring out the false, ring in the true" cast upon its surface.[2]
Translations
editA translation into Swedish by Edvard Fredin called "Nyårsklockan" – "The New Year's Bell" – is recited just before the stroke of midnight at the annual New Year's Eve festivities at Skansen in Stockholm, capital of Sweden. This tradition began in 1897 when the young Swedish actor Anders de Wahl was asked to recite the poem. De Wahl then performed the poem annually until his death in 1956. Since 1977 the Swedish national public TV broadcaster, SVT, has aired the event live, and the first to read the poem on television was the actor Georg Rydeberg. The show turned out to be a major success, and watching it on New Year's Eve quickly became a nationwide tradition. Rydeberg recited the poem until his death in 1983. After that many famous Swedish actors and/or singers have recited the poem, for example Jarl Kulle, Jan Malmsjö and Margaretha Krook. The Swedish translation differs significantly from the English original. Additionally, fourth (purer laws) and last (Christ) stanzas are commonly not read.
Inspired by the Swedish tradition, auto manufacturer Volvo used the poem in a 2016 New Year's Eve advertisement.[3]
Musical settings
editCharles Gounod's setting for voice and piano, published in 1880, uses verses one, two, three, five, seven, and eight.[4]
Percy Fletcher's 1914 SATB setting includes all but the fifth stanza of the poem, using the second stanza as a recurring refrain[5]
The second, seventh and eighth stanzas were set to music by Karl Jenkins in the finale ("Better is Peace") of The Armed Man.[6]
The first, second and last stanzas were set to music by Crawford Gates; this setting is included in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints 1985 hymnal (hymn number 215).[7]
Jonathan Ward of Magdalen College School composed a setting, while Wiltshire-based composer Stuart Brown has used it as the opening of his song cycle "Idylls", written in 2014 for the London-based soprano Chen Wang.[8]
The composer Simon Gray, performing as The Winterval Conspiracy, set and performed the whole poem as the final song on his album Now That's What I Call 2020![9][10]
Augusta Read Thomas's Ring Out, Wild Bells, to the Wild Sky uses the text of the first, second, and eighth stanzas and excerpts from the fourth, sixth, and seventh stanzas along with text from other sections of In Memoriam A.H.H..[11]
The entire poem comprises the lyrics of the final song, Ring Out Wild Bells, on British musician-songwriter Paul Field’s 2016 album Being Me.[12]
Notes
edit- ^ Benson, S. G. G., and Martin Crossley Evans, I Will Plant Me a Tree: an Illustrated History of Gresham's School (James & James, London, 2002, ISBN 0-907383-92-0), p. 58.
- ^ Manchester Town Hall Clock Tower, www.ManchesterConfidential.co.uk http://www.manchesterconfidential.co.uk/Culture/Architecture/Manchester-Town-Hall-Tower-does-it-look-wrong
- ^ Oster, Erik (4 January 2017). "Grey New York Rings in a Somber New Year for Volvo". AgencySpy. Adweek Blog Network. Retrieved 18 January 2017.
- ^ Songs from the Published Writings of Alfred Tennyson. Set to Music by Various Composers. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1880.
- ^ Fletcher, Percy. Ring out, wild bells (Novello, 1914, 5020679505113).
- ^ Jenkins, Karl. The Armed Man: A Mass For Peace (complete vocal score). 1999. London: Boosey & Hawkes, 2003.
- ^ The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
- ^ "STUART BROWN MUSIC - discovering Idylls".
- ^ "Ring Out, Wild Bells, by the winterval conspiracy".
- ^ "Now That's What I Call 2020!, by the winterval conspiracy".
- ^ "Augusta Read Thomas - Composer".
- ^ "Being Myself - Album, by Paul Field 2016".
External links
edit- three stanzas set to music
- Free MP3 download
- Performance rendered by The Plain Healers
- Waltham Abbey Town Council with reference to 'wild bells'
- : Essex County Council (PDF) with reference to 'wild bells'
- Guide to Waltham Abbey church
Ring Out, Wild Bells public domain audiobook at LibriVox- Video of half-muffled English full circle-ringing, first eight bells, then one bell tolling
- Simon James Gray / The Winterval Conspiracy setting
