The rim rock crowned snake (Tantilla oolitica), named after the Miami Rim Rock land arrangement, is a non-venomous endangered species of snake belonging to the family Colubridae. The rim rock crowned snake is endemic to the United States throughout southern Florida. The specific name, oolitica, refers to the oolitic limestone area of Florida in which the species is found.[3] All species of snakes that belong to the genus Tantilla, are relatively small and usually do not exceed 20 cm (8 in). The species T. oolitica was added to the IUCN Red List in 2007 as a result of loss in habitat and restricted range.
| Rim rock crowned snake | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Reptilia |
| Order: | Squamata |
| Suborder: | Serpentes |
| Family: | Colubridae |
| Genus: | Tantilla |
| Species: | T. oolitica
|
| Binomial name | |
| Tantilla oolitica Telford, 1966
| |
Geographic range
editT. oolitica is found in Dade County and Monroe County of Florida and the Florida Keys, including Eastern Rock Rim of Miami.[1]
Description
editThe rim rock crowned snake is a relatively small species. The maximum recorded total length (including tail) is 29 cm (11.5 in).[4] The top of the head is black. The body is tan to beige dorsally, and white ventrally.[4]
Diet
editT. oolitica preys upon spiders, centipedes, worms, insects and their larvae, and even scorpions.[5] At least 1 mortality from consuming centipedes has been reported.[6]
Reproduction
editT. oolitica is oviparous.[7] Clutch size is small, only one to three eggs (Behler & King, 1979).
Habitat
editThe rim rock crowned snake tends to inhabit areas with rocky and sandy soils in pine flatwoods, and tropical hardwood hammocks.[1] The snake can less commonly be found inside crevices of limestone, under foliage, and in suburban areas.[8]
Conservation status
editIn 2007 the species T. oolitica was added to the IUCN Red List, as a result of loss in habitat and restricted range. Due to Miami's ever growing city, fragmentation is the main threat to the rim rock crowned snake. Roughly 2% of the historical pine rocklands located on the Miami rock ridge still exist. Also the hardwood hammocks in Dade county and the remainder of Florida have been diminished to about half of what they once were.[9] Populations near the Keys also face major issues concerning habitat flooding from severe storms. Today the species is under the Florida endangered and threatened species rule.[1]
References
edit- ^ a b c Hammerson, G.A. (2007). "Tantilla oolitica". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2007: e.T63954A12731242. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2007.RLTS.T63954A12731242.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
- ^ "NatureServe Explorer 2.0". explorer.natureserve.org. Retrieved 8 September 2022.
- ^ Conant, R. (1975). A Field Guide to Reptiles and Amphibians of Eastern and Central North America, Second Edition. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. xviii + 429 pp. + Plates 1–48. ISBN 0-395-19979-4 (hardcover), ISBN 0-395-19977-8 (paperback). (Tantilla oolitica, p. 221 + Map 165).
- ^ a b Smith, H.M., and E.D. Brodie Jr. (1982). Reptiles of North America: A Guide to Field Identification. New York: Golden Press. 240 pp. ISBN 0-307-13666-3 (paperback). (Tantilla oolitica, pp. 170–171).
- ^ "Rim Rock Crowned Snake". ufwildlife.ifas.ufl.edu. Retrieved 2016-12-05.
- ^ Kobilinsky, Dana (8 September 2022). "What killed North America's rarest snake?". The Wildlife Society. Retrieved 8 September 2022.
- ^ Species Tantilla oolitica at The Reptile Database www.reptile-datbase.org.
- ^ "Rim Rock Crowned snake control". Animal Control Solutions. Retrieved 10 December 2017.
- ^ Hines, Kirsten N. (2011). "Status and Distribution of the Rim Rock Crowned Snake, Tantilla oolitica" (PDF). Herpetological Review. 42 (3): 352–356.
Further reading
edit- Behler, J.L.; King, F.W. (1979). The Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Reptiles and Amphibians. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. 743 pp. ISBN 0-394-50824-6. (Tantilla oolitica, p. 659).
- Powell, R.; Conant, R.; Collins, J.T. (2016). Peterson Field Guide to Reptiles and Amphibians of Eastern and Central North America, Fourth Edition. Boston and New York: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. xiv + 494 pp., 47 plates, 207 figures. ISBN 978-0-544-12997-9. (Tantilla oolitica, p. 399 + Figure 184 on p. 397).
- Telford, S.R. Jr. (1966). "Variation among the southeastern crowned snakes, genus Tantilla ". Bulletin of the Florida State Museum 10 (7): 261–304. ("Tantilla oolitica new species", pp. 281–282.)
- Wilson, L.D.; Mata-Silva V. (2015). "A checklist and key to the snakes of the Tantilla clade (Squamata: Colubridae), with comments on taxonomy, distribution, and conservation". Mesoamerican Herpetology 2 (4): 418–498. (Tantilla oolitica, pp. 447–448). (in English, with an abstract in Spanish).