Philip Lyne (died 1726, last name occasionally spelled Line) was a pirate known for his cruelty and his association with Francis Spriggs.
Philip Lyne | |
|---|---|
 Flag (Jolly Roger) of pirate Philip Lyne, described as "a black silk flagg ... with the representation of a man in full proportion, with a cutlass in one hand and a pistol in the other, extended" | |
| Died | 1726 |
| Occupation | Pirate |
| Known for | Cruelty and his association with Francis Spriggs |
| Piratical career | |
| Other names | Line |
| Base of operations | Newfoundland |
| Commands | Sea Nymph |
History
editFrancis Spriggs had been quartermaster under Edward Low until he was given a prize ship and left to go pirating on his own.[1] Spriggs then plundered and captured a number of vessels, promoting his own quartermaster Philip Lyne to captain of the Sea Nymph with 40 men and 26-guns (ten carriage guns and sixteen swivel guns). As Spriggs had done, Lyne then left to begin his own career of piracy.[2]
In summer 1725 Lyne was active off Newfoundland, plundering several vessels. Low and Spriggs had been known for their cruelty to prisoners,[1] and Lyne followed suit. He took the Thomasine in June 1725, forcing five of its crew to sign his Articles before looting the ship and releasing it with only some water and rotten food left.[2] In November 1725 they took the sloop Fancy and forced the entire crew to join them. They forced the ship's cooper to sign their Articles by beating him and threatening to behead him with an axe. Lyne burned the sloop and sailed for the Guianas.[3][4]
Near Curaçao in late 1725 two pirate hunting sloops were searching for Spanish pirates but captured Lyne and the Sea Nymph instead.[2] Many of his crew were killed in the battle. Four others were wounded but survived to be tried and hanged;[5] some sources say as many as 18 of his crew were hanged.[3] Lyne himself was badly wounded in the head (“had one Eye shot out, which with part of his Nose hung down his Face”)[6] but lived to face a brief trial and conviction. In his deposition to the court he claimed to have “killed 37 masters of vessels.” He was hanged in early 1726.[7]
Flag
editPhilip Lyne's Jolly Roger was described in records of his trial and conviction. He and his surviving crew were marched to trial, “their Black Silk Flagg before them, with the Representation of a Man in full proportion, with a Cutlass in one Hand and a Pistol in the other, Extended.”[8][9]
References
edit- ^ a b Johnson, Captain Charles (1724). A GENERAL HISTORY OF THE PYRATES. London: T. Warner. p. 124. Retrieved 18 June 2017.
- ^ a b c Dow, George Francis; Edmonds, John Henry (1923). The Pirates of the New England Coast, 1630-1730. Salem MA: Courier Corporation. p. 287. ISBN 9780486290645. Retrieved 18 June 2017.
- ^ a b Cordingly, David (2006). Under the Black Flag: The Romance and the Reality of Life Among the Pirates. New York: Random House Publishing Group. p. 123. ISBN 9780307763075. Retrieved 18 June 2017.
- ^ (31 July-7 Aug 1725). Boston, August 7 (news items), The New-England Courant (report of a raid by Lyne: "They write from Virginia, that in Maryland a Sloop bound from Antigua to that Place, William Butler Master, was taken by a large Pirate Sloop, called the Sea-Nymph, cammanded by Phillip Limes [sic], and having on board fourteen white Men, and nine or ten Negroes and Molattoes. They forc'd from Butler two very honest young Men, Francis Thurregood, and John Keiling, both Virginians, robb'd him of half his Rum and Sugar, and then let him go with only two Boys.")
- ^ "The New-England Courant". No. 232. January 1726. Retrieved 18 June 2017.
- ^ "The Pirate Surgeon's Journal: Golden Age of Piracy Eye Wounds and Surgery Page 1". www.piratesurgeon.com. Retrieved 18 June 2017.
- ^ Rediker, Marcus (1989). Between the Devil and the Deep Blue Sea: Merchant Seamen, Pirates and the Anglo-American Maritime World, 1700-1750. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 270. ISBN 9780521379830. Retrieved 18 June 2017.
- ^ Fox, E. T. (2015). Jolly Rogers, the True History of Pirate Flags. Raleigh NC: Lulu.com. p. 56. ISBN 9781326448172.
- ^ Vallar, Cindy. "Pirates & Privateers: Pirates and Their Clothes". www.cindyvallar.com. Retrieved 4 July 2017.