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Peter Paul Alexander von[1] Baranoff (Russian: Пётр Петро́вич Бара́нов, tr. Pyotr Petrovich Baranov; 9 May [O.S. 27 April] 1843 – 22 December 1924) was a Baltic German military officer and statesman. During the First World War, Baranoff was known for his investigations, most notably his investigation of fellow general Paul von Rennenkampf's actions during the Battle of Łódź.
Peter von Baranoff | |
|---|---|
 Lieutenant-General Baranoff in 17th century Russian court clothes during the 1903 Ball. | |
| Born | 9 May [O.S. 27 April] 1843 Reval, Harrien County, Governorate of Estonia, Russian Empire (in present-day Tallinn, Harju County, Estonia) |
| Died | 22 December 1924 (aged 81) Tallinn, Harju County, Estonia |
| Buried | |
| Allegiance |  Russian Empire |
| Service |  Imperial Russian Army |
| Years of service | 1861 – 1917 |
| Rank |  General of the Cavalry |
| Commands | 1st Sumy Hussar Regiment Her Majesty’s Ulan Guards Regiment 1st brigade, 2nd Guards Cavalry Division |
| Battles / wars | January Uprising Russo-Turkish War World War I |
| Children | 2 children |
Biography
editOrigin
editPeter was born in 9 May [O.S. 27 April] 1843 in Reval in the Governorate of Estonia (present-day Tallinn, Estonia), to Peter Hermann von Baranoff and Marie Louise Simplicie Pauline von Nicolay (ru).[2]
Peter was from the Baltic German and Swedish noble Baranoff family of Swedish and Russian descent. The Baranoffs was originally Russian boyar who entered Swedish service after Estonia was ceased to the Swedish under the conclusion of the Treaty of Teusina at the end of the Russo-Swedish War From 1590 to 1595. And many of them, quickly adapted to the Germanic traditions, converted to Lutheranism, and quickly became Baltic German subjects, including the Baranoffs, which was headed by four brothers: Voin, Fyodor, Kasyan and Menshik Baranov,[3] which they changed their surname from Baranov to Baranoff to be better suited into Germanic name. The descendants of Voin and Fyodor quickly died out in the late-17th Century, while the descendants of Kasyan survived they died out in the late-19th Century, but the descendants of Menshik, which Peter was directly descended from, are still surviving til today.[4] The family was enrolled into Swedish nobility in 1666. In 1745, the Estonian high count gave an appeal the "Attestatum nobilitaris", that under the conclusion "that from 1592 on the Baranoff family was to be brought under local nobility". So the family was enrolled into the Estonian Knighthood that same year, the family was also enrolled into the Livonian and Oesel Knighthoods (de) following the years 1830 and 1843 simultaneously.[5]
Peter belonged to the Arroküll-Waetz branch,[6] a subdivided branch of the family founded by Peter's great-grandfather Peter Karl von Baranoff, who was married to Johanna Juliane von Hastfer (de). Some of the most famous members of the Baranoffs also belonged to this branch, including Peter's uncles Johann, Nikolai, Paul von Baranoff, who were all high-ranked Russian military officers and statesmans.
On his mother's side was the Nicolays, his mother's father was Paul von Nicolay, who was the son of the famous German poet Ludwig Heinrich von Nicolay, making Peter von Baranoff the great-grandson of him.
Family
editBaranoff has 4 siblings. He himself was married to Olga Valerianovna Bibikova (1846–1933), they had 2 children, Olga (1883–1972) and Peter von Baranoff (1885–1973), who was a captain in the army and participant of the First World War.[7][8]
Honours and awards
editDomestic
edit
Order of St. Anna, 4th class (1863)- Order of St. Anna, 3rd class (1872)
Golden Weapon "For Bravery" (11.4.1878)
Order of St Vladimir, 4th class with swords and a bow (1878)
Order of St. Stanislaus, 2nd class with swords (1878)- Order of St. Anna, 2nd class (1881)
- Order of St Vladimir, 3rd class (1886)
- Order of St. Stanislaus, 1st class (1894)
- Order of St. Anna, 1st class (1898)
- Order of St Vladimir, 2nd class (1905)
Order of the White Eagle (1907)
Order of St. Alexander Nevsky with diamond marks (16.6.1911, diamond marks on 6.12.1915)
Foreign
edit
Austria-Hungary:
Order of Franz Joseph, Knight class (1874)
Order of the Iron Crown (Austria), Knight first class (1897)
Kingdom of Romania:
Cross "For crossing the Danube" (ru) (1877)
Kingdom of Prussia:
Order of the Red Eagle, 2nd class (1881)
Order of the Crown, 1st class (1898)
Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin:
References
edit- ^ In German personal names, von is a preposition which approximately means 'of' or 'from' and usually denotes some sort of nobility. While von (always lower case) is part of the family name or territorial designation, not a first or middle name, if the noble is referred to by their last name, use Schiller, Clausewitz or Goethe, not von Schiller, etc.
- ^ [1] Stackelberg, Otto Magnus v. Genealogical Handbook of the Estonian Knighthood, vol. 1. Görlitz (1931), pp. 33
- ^ [2] Stackelberg, Otto Magnus v. Genealogical Handbook of the Estonian Knighthood, vol. 1. Görlitz (1931), pp. 18
- ^ [3] Stackelberg, Otto Magnus v. Genealogical Handbook of the Estonian Knighthood, vol. 1. Görlitz (1931), pp. 25
- ^ [4] Stackelberg, Otto Magnus v. Genealogical Handbook of the Estonian Knighthood, vol. 1. Görlitz (1931), pp. 16-17
- ^ [5] Stackelberg, Otto Magnus v. Genealogical Handbook of the Estonian Knighthood, vol. 1. Görlitz (1931), pp. 29
- ^ [6] Stackelberg, Otto Magnus v. Genealogical Handbook of the Estonian Knighthood, vol. 1. Görlitz (1931), pp. 32
- ^ [7] ria1914.info
Sources
edit- Russian army in the Great War: Card file of the project: Baranov, Pyotr Petrovich
- Welding, Olaf. Baltic German Biographical Dictionary 1710-1960. (1970), from the Baltic Biographical Dictionary Digital [8]
- Klingspor, Carl Arvid. Baltic heraldic coat of arms all, belonging to the knighthoods of Livonia, Estonia, Courland and Oesel noble families. Stockholm (1882)
- Stackelberg, Otto Magnus v. Genealogical Handbook of the Estonian Knighthood, Vol. 1. Görlitz (1931)