The pan-Iranian colours are red, white, and green, and sometimes gold or yellow. They have been used and continue to be used on the flags and banners of many Iranian countries and regions, including Iran, Afghanistan, Tajikistan, and Kurdistan. Rooted in an ancient tradition that became prominent in the Achaemenid Empire,[1] the pan-Iranian colours and the similar patterns in which they are used symbolize the shared origins of the Iranian peoples.[2][3][4][5]
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History
editAccording to the Avesta, the full free population of ancient Iranian society was divided into three classes, each of which was associated with a certain colour:[6]
- Military nobility (Avestan: raθaē-štar) – represented by red, symbolizing military valour and blood and self-sacrifice in the name of high ideals, so it is considered the most revered and noble;
- Mobads (āθravan) – represented by white, symbolizing spirituality, moral purity, cleanliness, and holiness;
- Pastoralist-farmer community (vāstrya fšuyant) – represented by green, symbolizing nature, youth, and prosperity.[7]
Current flags
editState flags
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Flag of Afghanistan (Islamic Republic, internationally recognized) -
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Flags of movements and parties
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Flag of the Balochistan independence movement -
Variant flag of the Balochistan independence movement -
Flag of the Balochistan National Party (Mengal) -
Flag of the Kurdistan independence movement
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Variant flag of the Kurdistan independence movement -
Flag of the Pashtunistan independence movement -
Flag used by Talysh nationalists -
Flag used by the Northern Alliance, NRF, and other Anti-Taliban or pro-Tajik factions in Afghanistan -
Flag of the Kurdistan Workers' Party -
Flag of the Pan-Iranist Party -
Variant flag of the Pan-Iranist Party
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Former flags
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Flag of the Sublime State of Iran, 1907–1910 -
Flag of the Sublime State of Iran, 1910–1924 -
Flag of the Imperial State of Iran, 1925–1964 -
Flag of the Imperial State of Iran, 1964–1979 -
Flag of the Kingdom of Afghanistan, 1928 -
Flag of the Kingdom of Afghanistan, 1928–1929 -
Flag of the Kingdom of Afghanistan, 1929–1931 -
Flag of the Kingdom of Afghanistan, 1931–1973 -
Flag of the Republic of Afghanistan, 1973–1974 -
Flag of the Transitional Islamic State of Afghanistan, 2002–2004 -
Flag of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, 2004–2021
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Flag of the Kingdom of Kurdistan, 1922–1924 -
Flag of the Republic of Ararat, 1927–1931 -
Flag of the Republic of Mahabad, 1945–1946 -
Flag of the Azerbaijan People's Government, 1945–1946 -
Flag of the Azerbaijan People's Government (alternative), 1945–1946 -
Flag of Azadistan, 1920 -
Flag of the Talysh-Mughan Autonomous Republic, 1993
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Flag of the Republic of Tajikistan, 1991–1992
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See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Ksenofont, Anabasis. King I, Chapter X
- ^ TABNAK, تابناک |. "رنگ های پرچم ایران نشانه چیست؟". fa (in Persian). Retrieved 15 November 2023.
- ^ میزان, خبرگزاری. "پرچم ایران از چه زمانی سه رنگ شد؟". fa (in Persian). Retrieved 15 November 2023.
- ^ admin (14 February 2023). "میدانید پرچم ایران از چه سالی سه رنگ شد ؟". چاپ مهام (in Persian). Retrieved 15 November 2023.
- ^ Зоолишоева Ш. Ф. Символика цвета в шугнано-рушанской национальной одежде // Языки и этнография «Крыши мира». СПб.: «Петербургское Востоковедение», 2005. — 112 с. — стр. 39 / ISBN 5-85803-304-0
- ^ Гафуров, Б. Г. Таджики. Древнейшая, древняя и средневековая история. p. 31.
- ^ Bahar, Mehrdad (1984). پژوهشی در اساطیر ایران. p. 74. ISBN 964-416-045-2.