George Alfred Grant, popularly known as Paa Grant (15 August 1878 – 30 October 1956), was a merchant and politician in the Gold Coast[1] who has been called "the father of Gold Coast politics".[2] As a political activist, he was th founder, financer and the first president of the United Gold Coast Convention (UGCC) in August 1947.[3][4] He was also one of Ghana's Founding Fathers.[5] He paid for Kwame Nkrumah to return to Ghana from the United States. A roundabout has been named after George Grant in Sekondi Takoradi in his memory. Many opinion leaders have said it will be right to mention his name in the struggle for Ghanas independence the same vain as the 'Big Six '.
George Alfred Grant | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | 15 August 1878 Beyin, Western Nzema, Gold Coast |
| Died | 30 October 1956 (aged 78) Axim, Ghana |
| Other names | Paa Grant |
| Occupation(s) | Merchant, politician |
| Known for | Founding president of the United Gold Coast Convention (UGCC) |
| Children | Sarah Esi Grant, Mrs Rosamond Hammond-Grant, William Minneaux Grant |
| Parent(s) | William Minneaux Grant and Madam Adjoa (Dwowa) Biatwi |
| Relatives | Francis Chapman Grant (grandfather); Phyllis Christian (granddaughter); Kim Tyrone Grant (grandson) Yvonne Candice Hammond (granddaughter), The Hammond family |
Biography
editEducation and early career
editGrant was born in 1878 in Beyin, Western Nzema, into an influential merchant family. He was the son of William Minneaux Grant and Madam Adjua (Dwowa) Biatwi of the Aboradze clan, and the grandson of Francis Chapman Grant,[1] proprietor of the Gold Coast Times and treasurer of the Fanti Confederation.[6]
Grant was educated at Wesleyan School in Cape Coast now Mfantsipim School and through private tuition given by Joseph D. Abraham, a wealthy merchant friend of his father's.[1] Grant was subsequently employed in the timber trade, first at Axim and then for five years in the Ivory Coast.[6] In 1896, he established his own firm, George Grant and Company.[1] He prospered as a timber merchant, with a flourishing export business, at a time when the trade was dominated by European companies.[6]
He visited Britain in 1905 and by the time the First World War broke out in 1914, he had built up business contacts with leading timber companies in Europe and the United States. Between 1914 and 1919 he chartered ships to transport timber to Britain and the USA. He opened his own offices in London, Liverpool and Hamburg between 1920 and 1922, and in the Gold Coast he expanded operations to Dunkwa, Sekondi and Akim Abuakwa.[6] In 1926 he was appointed to the Legislative Council, representing Sekondi. Grant was also a member of the Aborigines' Rights Protection Society and was instrumental in many development projects,[1] including introducing street lighting and pipe-borne water to Sekondi and Axim.[2]
Political activism and later life
editDuring and after the Second World War, Grant realised that Africans in the Gold Coast were suffering many colonial practices that were discriminatory and unfavourable,[1] and he decided to take steps to deal with the inadequacy of representation of African interests.[6] He invited J. B. Danquah and others to a meeting to launch a nationalist party. Some 40 people, including lawyers R. A. Awoonor-Williams, Edward Akufo-Addo, and Emmanuel Obetsebi-Lamptey, met in Saltpond and the United Gold Coast Convention (UGCC) was founded on 4 August 1947, with the goal of achieving self-government. Kwame Nkrumah was elected UGCC secretary general, after being recommended by Ebenezer Ako-Adjei,[2] and Grant paid Nkrumah's £100 boat fare to return to Ghana from Liverpool that year.[7]
Nkrumah later split from the UGCC to form the Convention People’s Party (CPP), and Grant eventually concentrated more on his businesses than politics. However, they maintained contact, and Nkrumah visited him two days before Grant's death in Axim on 30 October 1956, at the age of 78.[2] In 1955 he had suffered an attack of apoplexy from which he never completely recovered.[8]
Family and personal life
editCurrent surviving children are Sarah Esi Grant, Mrs Rosamond Hammond-Grant, William Minneaux Grant, and numerous grand- and great-grandchildren across the globe.
Sarah Esi Grant-Acquah, is the mother of lawyer Phyllis Christian.[9]
Other known grandchildren are: Georgina Grant, Margaret Grant, Stella Blay-Kwofie, Christine Blay-Kwofie, Dorothy Blay-Kwofie, Joyce Christian, Letitia Hammond, Rosamond Hammond, James Hemans Hammond, Matilda Hammond, Georgina Hammond, Emmanuel Hammond, George Hammond, Alberta Hammond, Lawrence Hammond, Yvonne Hammond, Samuel Duker-Ako, George Grant, Felix Grant, Sabina Grant, Kweku Robert Grant, Kwesi Brown Grant, Frances Grant, Maame Efua Lartey-Grant, Sefa Gohoho of Songhai Africa, a Panafrican Luxury Consumer Goods. Known great grand children are:Angela Kukua Blay-Kwofie, Kwesi, Blay-Kwofie.
Memorial and legacy
editIn honour of Grant's role in the struggle for Independence, the Ghana government named a new flyover after him at Caprice, in Accra.[10][11]
Paa Grant Soccer Academy
editThe Paa Grant Soccer Academy was formed in 2009 by Kim Tyrone Grant, a former national player for Ghana Black Stars, to honour his grandfather's "dedication and work ethic helping bring freedom and independence to all Ghanaians from colonial rule until 1957".[12]
George Grant University of Mines and Technology
editOn 12 January 2018, President Akufo-Addo announced during a special congregation held at the university, the renaming of the University of Mines and Technology (UMaT) which is located in the Western Region of Ghana, to the George Grant University of Mines and Technology in honour of him being a founding father of Ghana's fight towards independence and also being a native of the western region.[13][14][15]
References
edit- ^ a b c d e f Biography, The Paa Grant Soccer Academy Official Website. Archived 8 March 2011 at archive.today
- ^ a b c d "Overpass to be named after Paa Grant" Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine, Joy Online, 22 August 2007.
- ^ "Overpass to be named after Paa Grant". MyJoyOnline.com. 2007-03-22. Retrieved 2020-08-03.[permanent dead link]
- ^ "Ghana pays tribute to founders' - Graphic Online". www.graphic.com.gh. Archived from the original on 2021-02-14. Retrieved 2020-08-05.
- ^ McFarland, Daniel Miles, "Grant, 'Pa' George Alfred", Historical Dictionary of Ghana, 1985, p. 92.
- ^ a b c d e "Grant, G. A. (1878–1956)", in Makers of Modern Africa: Profiles in History, Africa Journal Ltd for Africa Books Ltd, 1981, pp. 189–90.
- ^ Birmingham, David, Kwame Nkrumah: The Father of African Nationalism (revised edition), Ohio University Press, 1998.
- ^ Grant-Acquah, Sarah Esi, "In the beginning was…PAA GRANT - And the UGCC" Archived 2018-10-31 at the Wayback Machine. From Daily Graphic, 14 February 2007, via National Commission on Culture.
- ^ Christian, Phyllis M., "The sacrifices men make - A memorial to George Alfred Grant" Archived 2019-04-14 at the Wayback Machine, Graphic Online, 30 October 2017.
- ^ "Paa Grant Honoured" Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine, Modern Ghana, 21 March 2007.
- ^ "Flyover to be named after Paa Grant" Archived 2017-01-06 at the Wayback Machine, GhanaWeb, 20 March 2007.
- ^ "Academy History" Archived 26 June 2012 at the Wayback Machine, The Paa Grant Soccer Academy Official Website.
- ^ "President applauds UMaT for renaming institution after George Grant - MyJoyOnline.com". www.myjoyonline.com. 13 January 2018. Archived from the original on 2021-08-23. Retrieved 2021-01-13.
- ^ Opoku, Emmanuel (2018-01-15). "UMaT Renamed After Paa Grant". DailyGuide Network. Archived from the original on 2021-08-23. Retrieved 2021-01-13.
- ^ Aryeh, Felix L. "UMaT renamed George Grant University of Mines and Technology". www.umat.edu.gh. Archived from the original on 2021-08-23. Retrieved 2021-01-13.
Further reading
edit- Ako Adjei, The Life and Work of George Alfred Grant (Paa Grant), Accra: Waterville Pub. House, 1992, 31 pp.
External links
edit- Mrs. Sarah Esi Grant-Acquah, "In the beginning was…PAA GRANT - And the UGCC". Excerpts from Recollections. Source: Daily Graphic, Wednesday, 14 February 2007. National Commission on Culture. The author is the daughter of Paa Grant.
- Bernard Ralph Adams, "Paa Grant The Unsung Hero!", 31 December 2014.