The practice of entering combat without the use of clothing and armor has been documented on several occasions in history. The artistic convention of heroic nudity was established in the art of ancient Greece by the Archaic period.
Historical instances of nudity in combat
editPolybius' Histories describe how the Gaesatae, hired by other Celtic peoples, the Boii and Insubres, as mercenaries to fight the Romans, stood naked at the head of their army at the Battle of Telamon in 225BC.[1] The Boii and Insubres at this very battle are described fighting barechested, retaining only their trousers, shoes and cloaks.[2]
Diodorus Siculus reported other instances of such combat: "Some use iron breast-plates in battle, while others fight naked, trusting only in the protection which nature gives."[3]
Livy tells of how the Tolistobogii of Galatia fought naked, being proud of their spilt blood and even widening gashes they received themselves.[4]
At the Battle of Cannae, Hannibal employed masses of Insubres and Boii warriors. Polybius describes them as fighting naked, armed only with their oval shields and long swords, although Livy has them only nude from waist up.[2]
Modern instances of nudity in combat
editIn some martial arts that are designed to be used for military fighting, full or partial nudity still occurs. The traditional donga style of stick fighting practiced by the young warriors, now bearing firearms, of the Omo Valley Suri tribe of South Sudan and western Ethiopia, is often practiced entirely naked. Serious injury is not uncommon, and wounds incurred during stick fighting are occasionally fatal.[5][6] In the Vietnam War, Vietcong sappers used to slip through barbed wire naked or almost naked.[7]
In modern Liberia, soldiers under "General Butt Naked" Joshua Blahyi fought naked in order to terrorize their opponents.[8]
See also
edit
Notes
edit- ^ Polybius 1889, Book 2, Ch 28.
- ^ a b Daly 2005.
- ^ Allen 2001, p. 3.
- ^ Livy n.d., Book XXXVIII, Chapter 21.
- ^ Bruce Parry Experiences the Stick Fighting Festival on YouTube
- ^ The ritual side of the donga on YouTube
- ^ Maslowski & Winslow 2004, p. 367.
- ^ Tate 2004, p. 26.
References
edit- Allen, Stephen (2001). Celtic Warrior: 300 BC-AD 100. Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84176-143-5.
- Daly, Gregory (2005). Cannae: The Experience of Battle in the Second Punic War. Routledge. ISBN 978-11-345071-2-2.
- Livy (n.d.). (in Latin) – via Wikisource.
- Maslowski, Peter; Winslow, Don (2004). Looking for a Hero: Staff Sergeant Joe Ronnie Hooper and the Vietnam War. U of Nebraska Press. ISBN 0-8032-3244-6.
- Polybius (1889). "Histories, book 2, The Gauls Defeated on Their Way Home". perseus.tufts.edu. Retrieved 3 June 2016.
- Tate, Tony (2004). Liberia, how to Fight, how to Kill: Child Soldiers in Liberia. Human Rights Watch. GGKEY:BSU0ZLGQ89F.