Nuclear power reactors in Europe

This is a list of all the commercial nuclear reactors in the European Union and in Europe, with operational status. The list only includes civilian nuclear power reactors used to generate electricity for a power grid. All commercial nuclear reactors use nuclear fission. As of May 2021, there are 180 operable power reactors in Europe, with a combined electrical capacity of 159.36 GW.[1] There are currently 8 power reactors under construction in Europe.[2]

Austria

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Plant
name
Unit
No.
Type Model Status Capacity
(MW)
Begin
building
Commercial
operation
Closed
Zwentendorf 1 BWR BWR-69 (KWU) Finished; never entered service 878 Apr 1972 5 Nov 1978

Belarus

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Plant
name
Unit
No.
Type Model Status Capacity
(MW)
Begin
building
Commercial
operation
Closed
Ostrovets 1 PWR VVER-1200/V-491 Operational 1109 6 Nov 2013 10 Jun 2021[3]
2 PWR VVER-1200/V-491 Operational 1109 24 Apr 2014 1 Nov 2023[4]
Minsk 1 PWR VVER-1000 Unfinished 963 1983 1987
2 PWR VVER-1000 Unfinished 963 1983 1987

Belgium

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Belgium nuclear power plants (view)
  Active plants
  Closed plants
Plant
name
Unit
No.
Type Model Status Capacity
(MW)
Begin
building
Commercial
operation
Closed
SCK•CEN 1 PWR Westinghouse (WH) BR-3 Decommissioned 10 1 Nov 1957 10 Oct 1962 30 Jun 1987
Doel 1 PWR WH 2 loops Operational 445 1 Jul 1969 15 Feb 1975 (15th feb. 2025)
2 PWR WH 2 loops Operational 445 1 Sep 1971 1 Dec 1975 (1st dec. 2025)
3 PWR Framatome 3 loops Shut down 1006 1 Jan 1975 1 Oct 1982 23 Sep 2022[5]
4 PWR Belgian firms plus WH 3 loops Operational 1039 1 Dec 1978 1 Jul 1985 (1st jul. 2025)

planned prolongation of operations until 2035[6]

Tihange 1 PWR Framatome 3 loops Operational 962 1 Jun 1970 1 Oct 1975 (1st oct. 2025)
2 PWR Framatome 3 loops Shut down 1008 1 Apr 1976 1 Jun 1983 31 Jan 2023[7]
3 PWR Belgian firms plus WH 3 loops Operational 1046 1 Nov 1978 1 Sep 1985 (1st sept. 2025)

planned prolongation of operations until 2035

Bulgaria

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Nuclear power plants in Bulgaria (view)
  Active plants
  Unfinished/future plants
Plant
name
Unit
No.
Type Model Status Capacity
(MW)
Begin
building
Commercial
operation
Closed
Kozloduy 1 PWR VVER-440/V-230 Shut down 408 1 Apr 1970 28 Oct 1974 31 Dec 2002
2 PWR VVER-440/V-230 Shut down 408 1 Apr 1970 10 Nov 1975 31 Dec 2002
3 PWR VVER-440/V-230 Shut down 408 1 Oct 1973 20 Jan 1981 31 Dec 2006
4 PWR VVER-440/V-230 Shut down 408 1 Oct 1973 20 Jun 1982 31 Dec 2006
5 PWR VVER-1000/V-320 Operational 1003 9 Jul 1980 23 Dec 1988
6 PWR VVER-1000/V-320 Operational 1003 1 Apr 1982 30 Dec 1993
7 PWR AP1000 Planned[8] 1150 (2033)[8]
8 PWR AP1000 Planned[8] 1150
Belene 1 PWR VVER-1000/V-320
VVER-1000/V-446B
Unfinished 953
1011
1987
2008
2 PWR VVER-1000/V-320
VVER-1000/V-446B
Unfinished 953
1011
1987
2008

Czech Republic

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Nuclear power stations in the Czech Republic (view)
  Active plants
  Planned plants
Plant
name
Unit
No.
Type Model Status Capacity
(MW)
Begin
building
Commercial
operation
Closed
Dukovany 1 PWR VVER-440/V-213 Operational 468 1 Jan 1979 3 May 1985
2 PWR VVER-440/V-213 Operational 471 1 Jan 1979 21 Mar 1986
3 PWR VVER-440/V-213 Operational 468 1 Mar 1979 20 Dec 1986
4 PWR VVER-440/V-213 Operational 471 1 Mar 1979 19 Jul 1987
5 PWR TBD Planned 1200
6 PWR TBD Planned 1200
Temelín 1 PWR VVER-1000/V-320 Operational 1003 1 Feb 1987 10 Jun 2002
2 PWR VVER-1000/V-320 Operational 1003 1 Feb 1987 18 Apr 2003
3 PWR TBD Planned 1200
4 PWR TBD Planned 1200

Finland

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Nuclear power plants in Finland (view)
  Active plants
  Unfinished plants
Plant
name
Unit
No.
Type Model Status Capacity
(MW)[9]
Begin
building
Commercial
operation
Closed
Hanhikivi 1 PWR VVER-1200/V-491 Cancelled 1200 (2023) (2029) 2 May 2022[10][11]
Loviisa 1 PWR VVER-440/V-213 Operational 507 1 May 1971 9 May 1977
2 PWR VVER-440/V-213 Operational 507 1 Aug 1972 5 Jan 1981
Olkiluoto 1 BWR ASEA-III, BWR-2500 Operational 890 1 Feb 1974 10 Oct 1979
2 BWR ASEA-III, BWR-2500 Operational 890 1 Nov 1975 10 Jul 1982[12]
3 PWR EPR Operational 1600 12 Aug 2005 16 Apr 2023[13]

France

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Germany

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Hungary

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Plant
name
Unit
No.
Type Model Status Capacity
(MW)
Begin
building
Commercial
operation
Closed
Paks 1 PWR VVER-440/V-213 Operational 470 1 Aug 1974 10 Aug 1983
2 PWR VVER-440/V-213 Operational 473 1 Aug 1974 14 Nov 1984
3 PWR VVER-440/V-213 Operational 473 1 Oct 1979 1 Dec 1986
4 PWR VVER-440/V-213 Operational 471 1 Oct 1979 1 Nov 1987
5 PWR VVER-1200 Planned 1114 (2025)
6 PWR VVER-1200 Planned 1114 (2025)

Italy

edit
Nuclear power stations in Italy (view)
  Closed plants
  Canceled plants
Plant
name
Unit
No.
Type Model Status Capacity
(MW)
Begin
building
Commercial
operation
Closed
Caorso 1 BWR BWR-4 Mark2 Shut down/in decommissioning 860 1 Jan 1970 1 Dec 1981 1 Jul 1990
Enrico Fermi 1 PWR WH 4-loop Shut down/in decommissioning 260 1 Jul 1961 1 Jan 1965 1 Jul 1990
Garigliano 1 BWR BWR-1 Shut down/in decommissioning 150 1 Nov 1959 1 Jun 1964 1 Mar 1982
Latina 1 GCR Magnox Shut down/in decommissioning 153 1 Nov 1958 1 Jan 1964 1 Dec 1987
Alto Lazio 1 BWR Unfinished 982 1 Jul 1982 1 Jan 1988
2 BWR Unfinished 982 1 Jul 1982 1 Jul 1988
Trino 2 [IT] 1 PWR Unfinished 950 23 Dec 1987
2 PWR Unfinished 950 23 Dec 1987

Lithuania

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Plant
name
Unit
No.
Type Model Status Capacity
(MW)
Begin
building
Commercial
operation
Closed
Ignalina 1 LWGR RBMK-1500 Shut down/in decommissioning 1185 1 May 1977 31 Dec 1983 31 Dec 2004
2 LWGR RBMK-1500 Shut down/in decommissioning 1185 1 Jan 1978 Aug 1987 31 Dec 2009
3 LWGR RBMK-1500 Unfinished 1185

Netherlands

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Nuclear power plants in the Netherlands(view)
  Active plants
  Closed plants
Plant
name
Unit
No.
Type Model Status Capacity
(MW)
Begin
building
Commercial
operation
Closed
Borssele 1 PWR KWU 2LP Operational 482 1 Jul 1969 26 Oct 1973 (2033)
Dodewaard 1 BWR BWR-2 Shut down 55 1 May 1965 26 Mar 1969 26 Mar 1997

Poland

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Plant
name
Unit
No.
Type Model Status Capacity
(MW)
Begin
building
Commercial
operation
Closed
Żarnowiec 1 PWR VVER-440 Unfinished 440 31 Mar 1982 4 Sep 1990
2 PWR VVER-440 Unfinished 440 31 Mar 1982 4 Sep 1990
Choczewo[18] 1 PWR AP1000 Planned 1250[19] (2026) (2033)[18]
2 PWR AP1000 Planned 1250 (2035–2036)[18]
3 PWR AP1000 Planned 1250 (2037–2039)[18]
Pątnów[20] 1 PWR APR-1400 Planned 1340
2 PWR APR-1400 Planned 1340
Włocławek 1 BWR BWRX-300 Planned 300 (2030)[21]
Ostrołęka 1 BWR BWRX-300 Planned 300 (2030)[21]
Warsaw 1 BWR BWRX-300 Planned 300 (2030)[21]
Tarnobrzeg/Stalowa Wola 1 BWR BWRX-300 Planned 300 (2030)[21]
Dąbrowa Górnicza 1 BWR BWRX-300 Planned 300 (2030)[21]
Stawy Monowskie 1 BWR BWRX-300 Planned 300 (2030)[21]
Kraków 1 BWR BWRX-300 Planned 300 (2030)[21]

Romania

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Plant
name
Unit
No.
Type Model Status Capacity
(MW)
Begin
building
Commercial
operation
Closed
Cernavodă 1 PHWR CANDU-6 Operational 650 31 Mar 1983 2 Dec 1996
2 PHWR CANDU-6 Operational 650 1 Jul 1983 1 Nov 2007
3 PHWR CANDU-6 Unfinished; restart planned 650
4 PHWR CANDU-6 Unfinished; restart planned 650
5 PHWR CANDU-6 Unfinished 650

Slovakia

edit
Nuclear power stations in Slovakia (view)
  Active plants
Plant
name
Unit
No.
Type Model Status Capacity
(MW)
Begin
building
Commercial
operation
Closed
Bohunice A-1[22] HWGCR KS 150 Decommissioned 93 1 Aug 1958 25 Dec 1972 22 Feb 1977
1[23] PWR VVER-440/V-230 Shut down 408 24 Apr 1972 1 Apr 1980 31 Dec 2006
2 PWR VVER-440/V-230 Shut down 408 24 Apr 1972 1 Jan 1981 31 Dec 2008
3 PWR VVER-440/V-213 Operational 472 1 Dec 1976 14 Feb 1985 (2045)
4 PWR VVER-440/V-213 Operational 471 1 Dec 1976 18 Dec 1985 (2045)
Mochovce 1 PWR VVER-440 V-213 Operational 436 13 Oct 1983 29 Oct 1998 (2058)
2 PWR VVER-440/V-213 Operational 436 13 Oct 1983 11 Apr 2000 (2060)
3 PWR VVER-440/V-213 Operational 440 27 Jan 1987 17 Oct 2023[24]
4 PWR VVER-440/V-213 Under construction 440 27 Jan 1987

Slovenia

edit
Plant
name
Unit
No.
Type Model Status Capacity
(MW)
Begin
building
Commercial
operation
Closed
Krško 1 PWR WH 2 loops Operational 688 30 Mar 1975 1 Jan 1983 (2043)[25]
2 PWR TBD Planned 1100 (2030)[26]

Spain

edit
Plant
name
Unit
No.
Type Model Status Capacity
(MW)
Begin
building
Commercial
operation
Closed
Almaraz 1 PWR WH 3 loops Operational 1011 3 Jul 1973 1 Sep 1983
2 PWR WH 3 loops Operational 1006 3 Jul 1973 1 Jul 1984
Ascó 1 PWR WH 3 loops Operational 995 16 May 1974 10 Dec 1984
2 PWR WH-3 loops Operational 997 7 Mar 1975 31 Mar 1986
Cofrentes 1 BWR BWR-6 Operational 1064 9 Sep 1975 11 Mar 1985
José Cabrera 1 PWR WH 1 loop Shut down/in decommissioning 141 24 Jun 1964 13 Aug 1969 30 Apr 2006
Lemoniz 1 PWR Unfinished 1972 1984
2 PWR Unfinished 1972 1984
Santa María de Garoña 1 BWR BWR-3 Shut down/in decommissioning 446 11 May 1971 15 Feb 1975 6 Jul 2013
Trillo 1 PWR KWU 3 loops Operational 1003 17 Aug 1979 6 Aug 1988
Valdecaballeros 1 BWR Unfinished 1975 1984
2 BWR Unfinished 1975 1984
Vandellòs 1 GCR UNGG Shut down/in decommissioning 480 1967 2 Aug 1972 31 Jul 1990
2 PWR WH 3 loops Operational 1045 29 Dec 1980 8 Mar 1988

Sweden

edit
Nuclear power plants in Sweden (view)
  Active plants
  Closed plants
  Unfinished plants
Plant
name
Unit
No.
Type Model Status Capacity
(MW)
Begin
building
Commercial
operation
Closed
Ågesta 1 PHWR R3 Shut down/in decommissioning 10 1 Dec 1957 1 May 1964 2 Jun 1974 [a]
Barsebäck 1 BWR ASEA-II Shut down/in decommissioning 600 1 Feb 1971 1 Jul 1975 30 Nov 1999 [b]
2 BWR ASEA-II Shut down/in decommissioning 600 1 Jan 1973 1 Jul 1977 31 May 2005 [c]
Forsmark 1 BWR ASEA-III, BWR-2500 Operational 986 1 Jun 1973 10 Dec 1980 [d]
2 BWR ASEA-III, BWR-2500 Operational 1116 1 Jan 1975 7 Jul 1981 [e]
3 BWR ASEA-IV, BWR-3000 Operational 1167 1 Jan 1979 18 Aug 1985 [f]
Oskarshamn 1 BWR ASEA-I Shut down/in decommissioning 473 1 Aug 1966 6 Feb 1972 19 Jun 2017 [g]
2 BWR ASEA-II Shut down/in decommissioning 638 1 Sep 1969 1 Jan 1975 22 Dec 2016 [h]
3 BWR ASEA-IV, BWR-3000 Operational 1450 1 May 1980 15 Aug 1985 [i]
Marviken 1 BHWR R4 Unfinished 196 1 Apr 1965 27 May 1970 [j]
Ringhals 1 BWR ASEA-I Shut down/in decommissioning 881 1 Feb 1969 1 Jan 1976 31 Dec 2020 [k]
2 PWR WH 3-loops Shut down/in decommissioning 904 1 Oct 1970 1 May 1975 30 Dec 2019 [l]
3 PWR WH 3-loops Operational 1062 1 Sep 1972 9 Sep 1981 [m]
4 PWR WH 3-loops Operational 1104 1 Nov 1973 21 Nov 1983 [n]

Switzerland

edit
Switzerland nuclear power plants (view)
  Active plants
  Closed plants
Plant
name
Unit
No.
Type Model Status Capacity
(MW)
Begin
building
Commercial
operation
Closed[32]
Beznau 1 PWR WH 2-loops Operational 365 1 Sep 1965 1 Sep 1969 (2029)
2 PWR WH 2-loops Operational 365 1 Jan 1968 1 Dec 1971 (2031)
Gösgen 1 PWR KWU 3-loops Operational 1010 1 Dec 1973 1 Nov 1979
Leibstadt 1 BWR BWR-6 Operational 1220 1 Jan 1974 15 Dec 1984
Lucens 1 HWGCR HWGCR Decommissioned 6 1 Apr 1962 29 Dec 1966 21 Jan 1969
Mühleberg 1 BWR BWR-4 Shut down/in decommissioning 373 1 Mar 1967 6 Nov 1972 20 Dec 2019

Ukraine

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United Kingdom

edit
Nuclear power plants in United Kingdom (view)
  Active plants
  Cancelled plants
  Closed plants
  Under construction
  Planned plants

Notes

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  1. ^ The full reactor model name is R3/Adam.[27]
  2. ^ The full reactor model name is ASEA-ATOM Gen II.[28]
  3. ^ The full reactor model name is ASEA-ATOM Gen II.[28]
  4. ^ The full reactor model name is ASEA-ATOM Gen III,[28] BWR-2500,[28] BWR 69.[29]
  5. ^ The full reactor model name is ASEA-ATOM Gen III,[28] BWR-2500,[28] BWR 69.[29]
  6. ^ The full reactor model name is ASEA-ATOM Gen IV,[28] BWR-3000,[28] BWR 75.[29]
  7. ^ The full reactor model name is ASEA-ATOM Gen I.[28]
  8. ^ The full reactor model name is ASEA-ATOM Gen II.[28]
  9. ^ The full reactor model name is ASEA-ATOM Gen IV,[28] BWR-3000,[28] BWR 75.[30]
  10. ^ The full reactor model name is R4/Eva. Construction date is approximate. Data are from Swedish Radiation Safety Authority.[27]
  11. ^ The full reactor model name is ASEA-ATOM Gen I.[28] Closed at midnight on New Year's Eve.[31]
  12. ^ The full reactor model name is Westinghouse 3-loops.[28]
  13. ^ The full reactor model name is Westinghouse 3-loops.[28]
  14. ^ The full reactor model name is Westinghouse 3-loops.[28]

References

edit
  1. ^ "PRIS - Database". pris.iaea.org.
  2. ^ "World Nuclear Association- Home". www.world-nuclear.org.
  3. ^ "Росатом Госкорпорация "Росатом" ядерные технологии атомная энергетика АЭС ядерная медицина". rosatom.ru.
  4. ^ "Second Belarus unit enters commercial operation". world-nuclear-news.org.
  5. ^ "Doel 3: Shutdown confirmed for Friday". RTBF Info. 23 Sep 2022. Retrieved 25 Sep 2022.
  6. ^ "RTBF Info of 21 Dec 2018". RTBF Info. 21 Dec 2018. Retrieved 28 Dec 2018.
  7. ^ "Second Belgian reactor enters retirement : Corporate - World Nuclear News".
  8. ^ a b c "Bulgaria to push ahead with two new units at Kozloduy". world-nuclear-news.org. World Nuclear News. 25 Oct 2023. Retrieved 3 Nov 2023.
  9. ^ "Nuclear power plants in Finland". STUK. 6 Apr 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2022.
  10. ^ "Fennovoima cancels Hanhikivi 1 contract with Russia". World Nuclear Association. 3 May 2022.
  11. ^ "Fennovoima terminates contract for Hanhikivi 1 NPP construction". TASS. 2 May 2022.
  12. ^ "PRIS – Reactor Details".
  13. ^ "Faulty seals replaced in Olkiluoto EPR : Regulation & Safety - World Nuclear News".
  14. ^ "EDF begins permitting process for two new reactors at Penly : New Nuclear - World Nuclear News". world-nuclear-news.org. Retrieved 9 December 2023.
  15. ^ a b "Germany shuts three of its last six nuclear plants". Retrieved 1 Jan 2022.
  16. ^ "German reactor permanently shut down". world-nuclear-news.org. Retrieved 10 May 2018.
  17. ^ "Germany shuts down Philippsburg 2". energycentral.com. Retrieved 8 Jan 2020.
  18. ^ a b c d "Poland's Westinghouse choice 'deepens strategic relationship' with USA". 31 Oct 2022.
  19. ^ "Poland's government confirms Westinghouse for nuclear plant". 4 Nov 2022.
  20. ^ "South Korea's KHNP signs letter of intent on Polish nuclear". 31 Oct 2022.
  21. ^ a b c d e f g "Taki reaktor chcą zbudować Orlen i Synthos". 18 Apr 2023.
  22. ^ Shut down after a 1977 refuelling incident; decommission in progress since 1979
  23. ^ "Tlačová agentúra Slovenskej republiky – TASR.sk". tasr.sk. Archived from the original on 20 Jan 2009.
  24. ^ "Power commissioning of Mochovce 3 completed".
  25. ^ "Krško gets an overhaul : Corporate – World Nuclear News".
  26. ^ "Drugi blok NE Krško prve megavate mogao bi dati nakon 2030" [The second block of NPP Krško could provide the first megawatts after 2030.]. Točka na I (in Croatian). 30 Nov 2022. Retrieved 14 Apr 2023.
  27. ^ a b "Marvikenreaktorn - ett industripolitiskt utvecklingsprojekt i otakt med tiden". The Swedish Radiation Safety Authority (in Swedish). 2007-03-31. Retrieved 12 Jan 2023.
  28. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p "IAEA Sweden reactors". IAEA. 2023-01-11. Retrieved 12 Jan 2023.
  29. ^ a b c "Forsmarks reaktorer i siffror" (PDF). Vattenfall (in Swedish). Apr 2016. Retrieved 12 Jan 2023.
  30. ^ "MILSTOLPAR I VÅR HISTORIA". Westinghouse (in Swedish). Retrieved 12 Jan 2023.
  31. ^ "Ringhals 1 inne på slutspurten". SVT (in Swedish). 26 Oct 2020. Retrieved 29 Dec 2020.
  32. ^ admin.ch, The Federal Authorities, Federal Council decides to gradually phase out nuclear energy as part of its new energy strategy Archived 20 June 2013 at the Wayback Machine, 25 May 2011
  33. ^ "В Україні збудують нову атомну станцію: названо місто будівництва". GSMinfo. 22 September 2022. Retrieved 9 December 2023.
  34. ^ "На Хмельницькій АЕС відбулася нарада з питань будівництва 3 та 4 енергоблоків". xaec.org.ua. 12 Feb 2021. Archived from the original on 24 February 2021. Retrieved 7 November 2022.
  35. ^ "Ukraine begins construction of new units at Khmelnitsky NPP". 17 April 2024.
  36. ^ a b c "Is it sensible to invest in the construction of new nuclear reactors during post-war reconstruction? – Ecoclub Rivne is an environmental NGO".
  37. ^ a b c d e f g h Ambrose, Jillian (4 December 2024). "Four of UK's oldest nuclear plants to run for even longer as Hinkley Point delayed". Retrieved 4 December 2024.
  38. ^ "Hinkley Point B enters retirement : Corporate – World Nuclear News". world-nuclear-news.org. Retrieved 2 Aug 2022.
  39. ^ "PRIS – Reactor Details". pris.iaea.org. Retrieved 25 Jul 2022.
  40. ^ a b "Plans for New Nuclear Reactors Worldwide - World Nuclear Association".
  41. ^ "Hunterston B nuclear power station retires after 46 years in service". The Guardian. 7 Jan 2022.
  42. ^ "The Sizewell C project – National Infrastructure Planning". infrastructure.planninginspectorate.gov.uk. Retrieved 12 Apr 2022.
  43. ^ "PRIS – Reactor Details". pris.iaea.org. Retrieved 24 Jan 2019.