NS1 antigen test (nonstructural protein 1) is a test for dengue, introduced in 2006. It allows rapid detection on the first day of fever, before antibodies appear some 5 or more days later.[1] It has been adopted for use in some 40 nations. The method of detection is through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.[1][2] India has introduced in 2010 the NS1 test costing 1,600 rupees at a private hospital in Mumbai.[2]
| NS1 antigen test | |
|---|---|
Crystal structure of the dengue virus, which causes dengue fever | |
| ICD-10-PCS | A90 |
| LOINC | 75377-2 |
Medical use
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The medical use of the NS1 antigen test can be defined to diagnose dengue infections and is effective to 1st day detection. Additionally, NS1 assay is useful for differential diagnostics in regards to flaviviruses.[3]
NS1 is present in the serum of infected persons directly at the onset of clinical symptoms in primary dengue infection and produces a strong humoral response. It is detectable before the appearance of IgM antibodies.[4]
DENV by NS1 antigen is laboratory confirmation of dengue in people also assessing clinical aspects (as well as, taking into account where the individual may have traveled recently).[5] Serological tests such as an immunoglobulin M antibody capture–enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (MAC-ELISA) and viral RNA detection by reverse transcriptase (RT-PCR) can also be used to diagnose dengue fever.[6]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b "Bio-Rad Launches Test for Early Diagnosis of the Dengue Virus | SelectScience". www.selectscience.net.
- ^ a b Debroy, Sumitra (September 16, 2010). "Now, get dengue test results in just 48 hours". The Times of India.
- ^ "CDC - Laboratory Guidance - Dengue". www.cdc.gov. Retrieved 2015-12-01.
- ^ Amorim JH, Alves RP, Boscardin SB, Ferreira LC (March 2014). "The dengue virus non-structural 1 protein: risks and benefits". Virus Research. 181: 53–60. doi:10.1016/j.virusres.2014.01.001. PMID 24434336.
- ^ "Dengue - Chapter 3 - 2016 Yellow Book | Travelers' Health | CDC". wwwnc.cdc.gov. Retrieved 2015-12-01.
- ^ Narayan R, Raja S, Kumar S, Sambasivam M, Jagadeesan R, Arunagiri K, Krishnasamy K, Palani G (July 2016). "A novel indirect ELISA for diagnosis of dengue fever". The Indian Journal of Medical Research. 144 (1): 128–133. doi:10.4103/0971-5916.193300. PMC 5116886. PMID 27834337.
Further reading
edit- Peeling, Rosanna W.; Artsob, Harvey; Pelegrino, Jose Luis; Buchy, Philippe; Cardosa, Mary J.; Devi, Shamala; Enria, Delia A.; Farrar, Jeremy; Gubler, Duane J.; Guzman, Maria G.; Halstead, Scott B.; Hunsperger, Elizabeth; Kliks, Susie; Margolis, Harold S.; Nathanson, Carl M.; Nguyen, Vinh Chau; Rizzo, Nidia; Vázquez, Susana; Yoksan, Sutee (1 December 2010). "Evaluation of diagnostic tests: dengue". Nature Reviews Microbiology. 8 (12 Suppl): S30–S37. doi:10.1038/nrmicro2459. PMID 21548185.
- "The Importance of Accurate Diagnosis of Dengue Fever". www.medscape.com. Medscape. Retrieved 26 July 2016.
- Tricou, V.; Vu, H. T.; Quynh, N. V.; Nguyen, C. V.; Tran, H. T.; Farrar, J.; Wills, B.; Simmons, C. P. (2010). "Comparison of two dengue NS1 rapid tests for sensitivity, specificity and relationship to viraemia and antibody responses". BMC Infectious Diseases. 10: 142. doi:10.1186/1471-2334-10-142. PMC 2895602. PMID 20509940.
- Pal, Subhamoy; Dauner, Allison L.; Mitra, Indrani; Forshey, Brett M.; Garcia, Paquita; Morrison, Amy C.; Halsey, Eric S.; Kochel, Tadeusz J.; Wu, Shuenn-Jue L. (2014-11-20). "Evaluation of Dengue NS1 Antigen Rapid Tests and ELISA Kits Using Clinical Samples". PLOS ONE. 9 (11): e113411. Bibcode:2014PLoSO...9k3411P. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0113411. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 4239072. PMID 25412170.
- Paranavitane, Shiran Ajith; Gomes, Laksiri; Kamaladasa, Achala; Adikari, Thiruni N; Wickramasinghe, Nilanka; Jeewandara, Chandima; Shyamali, Narangoda Liyanage Ajantha; Ogg, Graham Stuart; Malavige, Gathsaurie Neelika (31 October 2014). "Dengue NS1 antigen as a marker of severe clinical disease". BMC Infectious Diseases. 14 (1): 570. doi:10.1186/s12879-014-0570-8. ISSN 1471-2334. PMC 4222370. PMID 25366086.
