The Monument to Manco Cápac (Spanish: Monumento a Manco Cápac) is a statue located in the homonymous square in La Victoria District, Lima, the work of the Peruvian sculptor David Lozano, inaugurated in 1926.[1][2]
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| 12°03′50″S 77°01′48″W / 12.06396°S 77.03000°W | |
| Location | Plaza Manco Cápac |
|---|---|
| Designer | David Lozano, Benjamín Mendizábal and Daniel Casafranca |
| Type | Memorial |
| Material | Stone |
| Beginning date | August 1922 |
| Opening date | April 5, 1926 1933 |
| Dedicated to | Manco Cápac |
Description
editThe monument is a bronze sculpture of the Sapa Inca Manco Cápac and founder of the Inca civilization, upright and with a staff, and pointing to the horizon with his right hand. It is placed on a lintel stone pedestal and in the form of a stepped pyramid, with motifs and ornamentation of clear Inca sign, as well as small sculptures of symbolic animals of the Andean world and reliefs that tell the story of the mythical character.[3]
History
editIn 1921, during the second government of Augusto B. Leguía, the Centennial of the Independence of Peru was celebrated and many colonies of foreign residents decided to grant gifts in the form of monuments to the Peruvian State.[4] The Japanese colony, represented by the Japanese Central Society, decided to commission a statue of the mythical founder of the civilization of the children of the Sun[a] from a Peruvian sculptor, for which reason David Lozano was selected,[6] whose collaborators were the artists Benjamín Mendizábal and Daniel Casafranca.[3]
The first place that the Japanese colony thought of for the placement of the work was the Parque de la Exposición, but when the location was rejected, it was estimated that it would be located in Plaza Bolívar, next to the equestrian statue of the Liberator, or also the main square of Lima,[7] but the proposals were dismissed. Finally, the statue was placed in a roundabout at the intersection of Grau and Santa Teresa avenues.[3][5]
In August 1922, the start-up ceremony for the work was held with the presence of the Peruvian President Augusto B. Leguía, the mayor of Lima Pedro Rada y Gamio and the ambassador Keichi Yamasaki, representing the Japanese government.[3] The work was inaugurated on April 5, 1926,[8][9] after a series of setbacks that delayed delivery. The monument took three years, nine months and 21 days to complete and cost approximately S/.113,500.[5]
In 1933 the work was moved to its final location in the Plaza Leguía,[b] later renamed Plaza Manco Cápac.[2][10]
Notes
edit- ^ The reason for the choice of the character is based on the fact that the Japanese, like the Quechuas, also consider themselves "children of the Sun", with which they wanted to reinforce their links with the proposals of the "Patria Nueva".[3][5]
- ^ In said square, an obelisk was located in honor of President Augusto B. Leguía, which was later removed.[3]
References
edit- ^ Contreras, Carlos; Cueto, Marcos (2016). Historia del Perú republicano (in Spanish). Vol. Tomo 6: Oncenio de Leguía. La Patria Nueva y la crisis mundial (1919–1933). Lima: Editorial Septiembre. p. 15. ISBN 978-612-308-174-4.
- ^ a b Basadre, Jorge (1998). Historia de la República del Perú (in Spanish). Vol. 11 (8th ed.). La República / Universidad Ricardo Palma. p. 2900.
- ^ a b c d e f Hamann Mazuré, Johanna (2011). Monumentos públicos y espacios urbanos de Lima 1919-1930 (in Spanish). Universitat de Barcelona. p. 9788469417676. OCLC 804953893.
- ^ Historia visual del Perú (in Spanish). Lima: El Comercio. 2004. p. 192. ISBN 9972021203.
- ^ a b c Nako Fuentes, Harumi (2007-11-27). "Manco Cápac: un monumento con historia". Discover Nikkei.
- ^ Loli Soto, Pamela (2015-02-27). "El suicidio del señor Kitsutani en la Quinta Heeren". El Comercio.
- ^ Vadillo Vila, José (2017-07-28). "Monumentos del centenario". El Peruano.
- ^ Casalino Sen, Carlota (2017). Centenario: las celebraciones de la Independencia 1921-1924 (PDF) (in Spanish). Lima: Metropolitan Municipality of Lima. pp. 58–59. ISBN 9789972726156. OCLC 1126541508.
- ^ "Aniversario de Lima: así lucían los lugares más emblemáticos de la capital". Panamericana Televisión. 2019-01-18.
- ^ "Plaza Manco Cápac: el antes y después del emblemático lugar de La Victoria". El Comercio. 2019-01-29.