Mayer Lehman (January 9, 1830 – June 21, 1897) was an American businessman, banker, and philanthropist. He was one of the three founding brothers of the investment bank Lehman Brothers.
Mayer Lehman | |
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| Born | January 9, 1830 |
| Died | June 21, 1897 (aged 67) New York, New York |
| Nationality | American |
| Occupation | Merchant |
| Spouse | Babetta Newgass |
| Children | Sigmund M. Lehmann Hattie Lehman Goodhart Lisette Lehmann Fatman Clara Lehman Limburg Arthur Lehmann Irving Lehman Herbert H. Lehman |
| Parent | Abraham Löw Lehmann Eva Rosenheim |
| Relatives | Lehman family |
| Family | Henry Lehman (brother) Emanuel Lehman (brother) |
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Early life
editMayer Lehman was born in 1830 to a German Jewish family in the small Franconian town of Rimpar near Würzburg. He was the son of Eva (Rosenheim) and a cattle merchant, Abraham Löw Lehmann.[1][2][3]
Career and life in the United States
editIn 1850, Mayer emigrated to the United States, joining his brothers, Henry Lehman (b. 1822) and Emanuel Lehman in Montgomery, Alabama. His brother Henry had left Germany in 1844 and opened a dry goods store named "H. Lehman".[4] His brother Emanuel left Germany in 1847 and joined Henry in his business endeavor, which they renamed "H. Lehman and Bro." With the arrival of Mayer in 1850, it became Lehman Brothers.[5]
As cotton was the most important crop of the Southern United States and global demand led to profitable business, the Lehman brothers became cotton factors, accepting cotton bales from customers as payment for their merchandise.[4] Cotton trading eventually became the main thrust of their business.[2]
Mayer Lehman supported the Southern cause during the American Civil War. Mayer was listed as the owner of seven slaves ("three males and four females ranging in age from 5 to 50") in the U.S. Census of 1860.[6] In 1864, the Governor of Alabama, Thomas H. Watts, appointed Mayer as a Commissioner to visit and look after the interests of Alabama Confederate soldiers being held as prisoners of war in the North. Other offers of public position were made to him but he declined.[2]
In 1855, his brother Henry died from yellow fever while travelling in New Orleans.[7] In 1867, Mayer and Emanuel moved the company's headquarters to New York City, leaving their New Orleans cotton operation (renamed Lehman, Newgass & Co) in the hands of their brother-in-law Benjamin Newgass[8][9][10] (father of British war hero Harold Newgass).[11] They eventually built their New York operation into an important American investment bank, which was in operation until its September 2008 collapse.
Mayer Lehman was one of the organizers of the New York Cotton Exchange, the oldest commodities exchange in New York City, and served as its director. Mayer Lehman concentrated on the railroad, land, industrial and mining enterprises of the business. He served as the director of The Hamilton Bank, The American Cotton Oil Company, The Union Oil Company of Providence, Rhode Island, and The N.K. Fairbank Company of Chicago.[12]
Philanthropy
editMayer Lehman took an active interest in philanthropic work and was a trustee of Temple Emanu-El as well as a generous giver to the Mount Sinai Hospital in New York City. He was also a member of the Harmonie Club.[2]
Personal life
editIn 1858, Mayer Lehman married Babetta Newgass, the daughter of Isaac Newgass. Her sister, Esther, was married to banker Isaias W. Hellman. Together they had eight children of which seven survived childhood:[13]
- Sigmund M. Lehmann (1859–1930) - Was one of the founders of Montefiore Hospital.
- Hattie Lehman Goodhart; married Philip Julius Goodhart; parents of Arthur Lehman Goodhart[14]
- Lisette "Settie" (1864–1936); married Morris Fatman (1858–1930); parents of Elinor Morgenthau, the wife of Henry Morgenthau Jr., and grandparents of Robert M. Morgenthau
- Clara Lehman Limburg[15]
- Arthur Lehmann - Co-founder of the Federation of Jewish Philanthropies and the Museum of the City of New York and father of philanthropists Dorothy Lehman Bernhard and Helen Lehman Buttenwieser.
- Irving Lehman - Chief Judge of the New York Court of Appeals from 1940 to 1945; Longtime president of the 92nd Street Y and Temple Emanu-El.
- Herbert H. Lehman - the 45th Governor of New York (1933–1942) and US Senator from New York (1949–1956).
The couple were Reform Jews who, although they always observed the religious holidays, frowned on many other religious traditions and practices, instead focusing on educating their children in language, history and culture. The one tradition that Mayer emphasized was the Jewish tradition of tsedaka or the joy of giving. In order to instill the importance of charity into his children, Mayer would take his three youngest — Arthur, Irving and Herbert — to Mount Sinai Hospital every Sunday to see the great needs of the less fortunate.[16]
Mayer Lehman died at his home in New York on June 21, 1897.[17]
References
edit- ^ Bernhard, William, L., Birge, June Rossbach Bingham, Loeb, John L., Jr.. Lots of Lehmans – The Family of Mayer Lehman of Lehman Brothers, Remembered by His Descendants. Center For Jewish History, 2007, page 1
- ^ a b c d Hall, Henry America's successful men of affairs. An encyclopedia of contemporaneous biography (1895), pp. 390–392
- ^ Flade, Roland (1999). The Lehmans: From Rimpar to the New World : A Family History. ISBN 9783826018442.
- ^ a b Lehman Brothers.com
- ^ Birmingham, Stephen. Our Crowd: The Great Jewish Families of New York. Harper and Row, 1967, page 47
- ^ USA Today: "Lehman Bros: 1 brother owned 7 slaves in 1860" February 21, 2002
- ^ Archibald, Robert. "Mayer Lehman." In Immigrant Entrepreneurship: German-American Business Biographies, 1720 to the Present, vol. 2, edited by William J. Hausman. German Historical Institute. Last modified May 7, 2015.
- ^ Cohen, Michael R. (December 26, 2017). Cotton Capitalists: American Jewish Entrepreneurship in the Reconstruction Era. ISBN 9781479881017.
- ^ Dinkelspiel, Frances (January 5, 2010). Towers of Gold: How One Jewish Immigrant Named Isaias Hellman Created California. St. Martin's Press. p. 56. ISBN 9781429959599.
- ^ Ashkenazi, Elliott (1991). "Jewish Commercial Interests Between North and South: The Case of the Lehmans and the Seligmans" (PDF). American Jewish Archives.
- ^ Brazier, Kevin. "The Comprehensive Guide to the Victoria Cross". Victoria Cross and the George Cross Association.
- ^ Biography of Mayer Lehman Archived 2005-03-01 at the Wayback Machine retrieved April 3, 2012
- ^ New York Social Diary: "Lots of Lehmans" March 1, 2007
- ^ William Goodhart, QC retrieved August 2, 2015
- ^ Lehman College: "June Bingham Birge, 1919 - 2007" Archived March 4, 2016, at the Wayback Machine August 27, 2007
- ^ New York Social Diary: "Lots of Lehmans" March 1, 2007
- ^ "Obituary: Mayer Lehman". New-York Tribune. June 23, 1897. p. 8. Retrieved December 3, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.