Maojia (猫家 mau55 ka55[1]) is a mixed language in Southern China. Maojiahua is an unclassified Sinitic language that has undergone influence from Hmongic languages.[which?][2]
| Maojia | |
|---|---|
| Native to | China |
| Region | Hunan, Guangxi |
| Ethnicity | Miao |
Native speakers | (200,000 cited 1991)[1] |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | None (mis) |
| Glottolog | None |
Demographics
editMaojiahua is spoken by about 200,000 people of Au-Ka (Aoka 奥卡) Miao ethnicity in Chengbu, Suining, Wugang and Suining in southwest part of Hunan Province, as well as in Ziyuan and Longsheng in the northern part of Guangxi Province.[3]
According to Chen Qiguang (2013:32),[1] "Maojia" (mau55 ka55), also known as "Qingyi Miao 青衣苗", is spoken mostly in Chengbu County, Hunan, and also in Suining, Wugang, Longsheng, and Ziyuan counties. There is a total of about 120,000 speakers. The representative dialect given in Chen (2013) is that of Xintang Village 信塘村, Yangshi Township 羊石乡, Chengbu Miao Autonomous County, Hunan Province. Li (2004) covers various dialects of Qingyi Miao in detail.
Vocabulary
editBelow are selected words of likely non-Chinese origin from the Qingyi Miao dialect of Wutuan Town 五团镇, Chengbu County 城步县, Hunan (Li 2004).
| English gloss | Chinese gloss | Qingyi Miao |
|---|---|---|
| eat | 吃 | y²¹ |
| oil | 油 | lu⁵² |
| meat | 肉 | nai⁴⁴ |
| pig | 猪 | te⁵⁵ |
| small | 小 | nɑ⁵⁵ |
| child | 孩子 | nɑŋ⁵⁵li³² |
| nose | 鼻子 | pi⁵²haŋ²¹³ |
| spider | 蜘蛛 | kiou⁵⁵ɕi⁵⁵ |
| bedbug | 臭虫 | pie⁵⁵ |
| star | 星星 | se⁵⁵le³² |
| dust | 灰尘 | tʰoŋ⁵⁵din⁴⁴ |
| this | 这 | ko²¹ |
| that | 那 | mi⁴⁴ |
| one | 一 | ɑ⁴⁴ |
| thick (of soup) | 稠 | no⁵² |
| hidden, secret | 密 | nin²¹³ |
| earthworm | 蚯蚓 | din²¹kai³² |
| sponge gourd (Luffa aegyptiaca) | 丝瓜 | se³²tai⁵⁵kuɑ⁵⁵ |
| infant | 婴幼儿 | naŋ⁵⁵le³² |
| outsider | 外地人 | lai⁵²tɕie²¹³ŋ⁴⁴ |
| son | 儿子 | naŋ⁵⁵li³², naŋ⁵⁵tsai³² |
| spit | 吐 | ia⁵² |
| vagina | 女阴 | tsɿ⁵⁵ |
| do | 做 | niɑŋ⁵² |
| excrement | 屎 | kai²¹³ |
| squat, kneel | 蹲 | nioŋ⁵⁵ |
| concave | 凹 | mie²¹ |
| thin (of person) | 廋 | tse⁵⁵ |
References
edit- ^ a b c Chen, Qiguang [陈其光] (2013). Miao and Yao language [苗瑶语文]. Beijing: China Minzu University Press.
- ^ Li, Lan 李藍. 2004. Hunan Chengbu Qingyi Miaoren hua 湖南城步靑衣苗人话. Beijing: China Social Sciences Academy Press 中国社会科学出版社.
- ^ "Aoka" (PDF). asiaharvest.org. Archived from the original (PDF) on 31 December 2013.
- Li, Lan 李藍. 2004. Hunan Chengbu Qingyi Miaoren hua 湖南城步青衣苗人话 (The language of the Qingyi Miao people). Beijing: China Social Sciences Academy Press 中国社会科学出版社.
- Ming studies, 34–35:55, University of Minnesota, 1995