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Lohana Berkins (15 June 1965 – 5 February 2016) was an Argentine travesti activist.
Lohana Berkins | |
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 Berkins in 2014 | |
| Born | 15 June 1965 Pocitos, Salta, Argentina |
| Died | 5 February 2016 (aged 50) Buenos Aires, Argentina |
| Occupations |
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Biography
editBerkins was born on 15 June 1965 in Pocitos, Salta. Her father, a soldier, kicked her out at the age of 13.[1]
As Berkins got older, she fought against the brutal Argentine police force in promotion of trans rights and spent approximately 7 years in prison. This type of conflict with the police is largely left out of the collective Argentine memory of their anti-LGBTQ+ history and rather archives often focus on the military dictatorship oppression.[2]
In 1994, Berkins founded the Asociación de Lucha por la Identidad Travesti y Transexual (ALITT; lit. 'Association for the Fight for Travesti and Transsexual Identity'), which she presided over until her death.[3] She was the driving force behind Law 3062 on respect for identity adopted by travestis and transsexuals and approved by the Buenos Aires Legislature in 2009.
In 2002, Berkins starred in a fundamental demand for the visibility of travestis and trans people by enrolling in Normal School No. 3 to become a teacher.[4] Faced with the impossibility of doing so with her name, she lodged a complaint with the Ombudsman of the City of Buenos Aires, which ordered the school authorities to respect her gender identity.[5]
She was a legislative adviser (mandate fulfilled) at the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires for the Communist Party (led by Patricio Echegaray), thus becoming the first travesti person with a public job. She also worked as a legislative advisor for the Buenos Aires deputy Diana Maffía, on issues such as Human Rights, Guarantees, Women, Children, Children and Adolescents.[6]
She was a candidate for national deputy in the year 2001, accepted in the electoral lists officialized by the Electoral Justice on the occasion of the renewal of positions of the Argentine Congress.
In 2008, she led the creation of the Nadia Echazú Textile Cooperative, the first Cooperative School for travestis and transsexuals.[6] It was named after Nadia Echazú, as a tribute to the trans activist. The labor enterprise managed and administrated by travesti people was inaugurated in mid 2008, in a place donated by the National Institute of Associations and Social Economy.
In 2010, the National Front for the Gender Identity Law was created. It was an alliance of more than fifteen organizations that promoted the sanction at a national level of a law guaranteeing the adaptation of all personal documents to the gender identity perceived and the name chosen by each person and the access to medical treatments for those who request interventions on their body. The bill was finally presented (as a unified project, agreed between the different social organizations) and accepted. It was the only project that contemplated full access to health care.
The Gender Identity Law was approved by the Argentine parliament on 9 May 2012 and promulgated by the President Cristina Fernández de Kirchner a few days later, becoming the most advanced in the world in this matter so far. It was the first law to recognize the gender identity of people in terms of self-perception and guarantee full access to health, depathologizing trans identities.
In 2013, she was appointed head of the Office of Gender Identity and Sexual Orientation, which operates under the auspices of the Gender Observatory in the Justice departement of the City of Buenos Aires.
Berkins died in the Hospital Italiano in Buenos Aires on 5 February 2016.
Bibliography
editBooks
edit- 2005. Berkins, Lohana; Fernández, Josefina (coords.). La gesta del nombre propio: informe sobre la situación de la comunidad travesti en la Argentina. Buenos Aires: Madres de Plaza de Mayo.
- 2007. Korol, Claudia; Berkins, Lohana, (coords.). Diálogo: "prostitución/trabajo sexual: las protagonistas hablan". Buenos Aires: Feminaria. ISBN 9789872199968.
- 2007. Berkins, Lohana. Cumbia, copeteo y lágrimas. Buenos Aires: ALITT. ISBN 978-987-24065-0-9.
- 2008. Berkins, Lohana. Escrituras, polimorfías e identidades. Buenos Aires: Libros del Rojas. ISBN 978-987-1075-79-9.
Book chapters
edit- 2003. "Un itinerario político del travestismo". In Maffía, Diana (comp.). Sexualidades migrantes: género y transgénero. Buenos Aires: Feminaria. ISBN 987-9143-05-1.
- 2004. "Eternamente atrapadas por el sexo". Fernández, Josefina; D'Uva, Mónica; Viturro, Paula (coords.). Cuerpos ineludibles: un diálogo a partir de las sexualidades en América Latina. Buenos Aires: Ají de Pollo. ISBN 987-21685-0-4.
- 2008. "Travestis: una identidad política". Grande, Alfredo (comp.). La sexualidad represora. Buenos Aires: Topía. ISBN 9789871185238.
- 2010. "Travestismo, transsexualidad y transgeneridad". In Raíces Montero, Jorge Horacio (coord.). Un cuerpo, mil sexos: intersexualidades. Topía. ISBN 978-987-1185-74-0.
Distinctions and recognitions
editOn 20 July 2011, the government of the Province of Buenos Aires awarded her a distinction – as the owner of the Nadia Echazú Textile Cooperative – called "The Inclusion Tree". On 11 October of that same year she was declared Outstanding Personality of Human Rights by the Buenos Aires Legislature.
In 2012, she received the nomination for the Democracy Awards presented by the Caras y Caretas Cultural Center, in the Human Rights category.
Filmography
editParticipation in the documentary Furia travesti, a story about the experience of the Nadia Echazú Textile Cooperative, directed by Amparo González Aguilar in 2010.
References
edit- ^ Peker, Luciana (7 February 2016). "La comandante de las mariposas". Página 12 (in Spanish). Retrieved 19 August 2022.
- ^ Insausti, Ben (2023). "Homonationalism, LGBT desaparecidos, and the politics of queer memory in Argentina". Memory Studies. 16 (1): 12. doi:10.1177/17506980221140547.
- ^ "We mourn the loss of Lohana Berkins | ILGA". ilga.org. 5 February 2016. Retrieved 6 August 2019.
- ^ "¿Quién fue Lohana Berkins?". Filo News (in Spanish). 10 May 2019. Retrieved 6 August 2019.
- ^ Dorve.com, Ariel Gaster-Fabio Devin (9 February 2016). "Remembering Lohana Berkins: Activist, Leader and Proud Transvesti". The Bubble. Archived from the original on 6 August 2019. Retrieved 6 August 2019.
- ^ a b Máscolo, Tomás. "Lohana Berkins: a tres años de la muerte de una mariposa travesti". La Izquierda Diario - Red Internacional (in Spanish). Retrieved 6 August 2019.