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Godavari District was a district of the Madras Presidency. It has a glorious past. Which once saw the glory of many zamindari estates and also huge estates like Peddapuram, Pithapuram, Kota Ramchandrapuram, Polvaram etc. each comprising 372, 128, 66, 128 respectively. It later got bifurcated into East and West Godavari in 1925.[1] But before that these districts compressed few Zamindaries and their histories.
Zamindari System in Godavari District
editGodavari District was renamed. Originally it was Rajahmundry District having the capital of the same name but renamed in 1859.[2] This Rajahmundry District was once ruled by
- Eastern Chalukyas
- Kakatiyas
- Gajapathi Rulers
- Vijayanagar Rulers
- Nizam Rule
- French
- Again under the Nawab who is the Subedar of Nizam
- British
During the British (1765-1947) reign in Godavarai District (originally northern circars were acquired by the British in the Anglo-French wars in 1759 but again appointed the Nawab by Nizam which finally came to British hand in the year 1765)[3] they acquired all the local poligars and in the Battle of Padmanabham they reduced the erstwhile Princely State of Vizianagaram to a Zamindari and made permanent settlement with them in 1802.[4] From then the powers of old Zamindars were limited and acted as revenue collector between the government and ryots.
Zamindari Estates after the Permanent Settlement to 1843
editDuring the Permanenent settlement in 1802–03, few estates like Mogalutur and Korukonda were annexed into the government due to arrears and they were split into 26 Proprietary estates .[5] By that time there are 15 ancient Zamindaries Like Peddapuram, Pithapuram , Polavaram, Kota Ramchandrapuram, Vegayammapeta, Velampalem, Venakayapalem, Vella, Telikacherla, Jalimudi, Panangipalli, Undeswarapuram, Mukkamala, Vilasa and Janupalli, Bantumilli. Besides these are there three other Mansabdari Estates, like Rampah, Totapalli, Jaddangi.[6]
Zamindari Estates after 1843
editMany Zamindari estates were later annexed in the government due to the arrears and lost most of their villages.[7] Then they divided the estates further and sold to other proprietors. The details were collected by Henry Morris and wrote in the Book, A descriptive and historical account of the Godavery District in the presidency of Madras Page No:371-375.[8]
| List of Zamindaris in Godavari District in the year 1874-75 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Zamindari | Holder | Peskash | |
| Godavary district | |||
| Pittapore | 3,41,627[9] | ||
| Polavaram | 43,210[10] | ||
| Osuri Navarasapuram Estate | align | ||
| Kolanka | 14350 | ||
| Tuni | 26429 | ||
| Annavarapupeta | 3895 | ||
| Kapileswarapuram | 8765 | ||
| Undeswarapuram | 630 | ||
| Kotipally | Peskash in the Vizianagaram Zamindari | ||
| Uppada and Aminbada | 673 | ||
| Nidadavolu and Barhajhally | 1,19,346 | ||
| Ambarapet | 16,097 | ||
| Vegayammapeta Estate | 8362 | ||
| Tangellmudi | 5143 | ||
| Bhimolu | 3031 | ||
| Anumullanka | 611 | ||
| Singanagudem | 46 | ||
| Vilasa | 1440 | ||
| Janupalle | 218 | ||
| Jalimudi | 277 | ||
| Telikicherla | 962 | ||
| Gundepalli| | 962 | ||
| Panangipalli | 737 | ||
| Sirasavilli Savaram | 300 | ||
| Bantumilli| | 200 | ||
| Mukkamala | 107 | ||
| Jaggampet | 33,072 | ||
| Dontamuru | 3248 | ||
| Rayavaram | 1998 | ||
| Viravaram | 26876 | ||
| Palivela | 19,240 | ||
| Kirlampudi | 23,382 | ||
| Gopalapuram | 18,540 | ||
| Elamanchili | 8,823 | ||
| Chinchinada | 1647 | ||
| China Mamidipalli | 255 | ||
| Neredumilli | 445 | ||
| Vardhanani | 532 | ||
| Dhumantigudem | 142 | ||
| Gollaprolu | 11,567 | ||
| Kesanakuru | 11,574 | ||
| Vasantavada | 7,349 | ||
| Narayanapuram | 2,948 | ||
| Malakacherla | 1,495 | ||
| Daddipudi | 378 | ||
| Gutala | 6,749 | ||
| Mungondapalem | 545 | ||
| Chidipi | 1,671 | ||
| Peddeham | 2,628 | ||
| Tirugudumetta | 1,856 | ||
| Injeram | 3,217 | ||
| Pattesam | 2,282 | ||
| Prakkilanka| | 1,822 | ||
| Vangalapudi | 3,817 | ||
| Viravillipalem | 3,534 | ||
| Nadavapalli | 3,129 | ||
| Tyajampudi | 2,791 | ||
| Kurukuru | 1,482 | ||
| Billumilli | 1,619 | ||
| Lakkavaram | 2,643 | ||
| Jangareddigudem | 499 | ||
| Dharmavaram | 2402 | ||
| Krapa | 2,385 | ||
| Malakapalli | 2,282 | ||
| Katavaram | 2,135 | ||
| Yadavolu | 2,161 | ||
| Konitivada | 2,004 | ||
| Borrampalem | 1,038 | ||
| Vegavaram | 787 | ||
| Gavuripatnam | 1,853 | ||
| Murumanda | 1,850 | ||
| Anatavaram | 1,763 | ||
| Magam | 1,746 | ||
| Yernagudem | 1,725 | ||
| Vunkaramilli alias Ravimetta | 1,630 | ||
| Kalavalapalli | 1346 | ||
| Pativala Gurajanapalli | 1,296 | ||
| Mallavaram | 947 | ||
| Johurullabada alias Hukumpeta | 1,401 | ||
| Buchampeta | 738 | ||
| Gangolu | 1,264 | ||
| Vella | 1,240 | ||
| Bayyanagudem | 1,006 | ||
| Potukurru | 210 | ||
| Bommuru | 853 | ||
| Guttinadeevi | 776 | ||
| Kondagudem | 753 | ||
| Petta | 583 | ||
| Viravaram | 554 | ||
| Dandangi | 551 | ||
| Surasaniyanam | 529 | ||
| Nilapalli | 479 | ||
| Nandigudem | 390 | ||
| Nallamillipadu | 203 | ||
| Gavaravaram | 145 | ||
| jagannadhapuram | 117 | ||
| Pydimetta | 110 | ||
| Vadlapattanam | 86 | ||
| Tirumanagudem | 64 | ||
| Mansubdari of Godavari district | |||
| Thotapalle Estate | 6,310 | ||
| Bhadrachalam and Rekapalle | 21,090 | ||
| Rampah | ..... | ||
| Source:Morris, Henry (1878). A descriptive and historical account of the Godavery District in the presidency of Madras. Government of Madras. pp. 371–375. | |||
The same has been mentioned in the book Standing Information regarding the Official Administration of Madras Presidency.[11]
Zamindari Estates after 1920
editLater, these estates were further divided (impartiable estates weren't divided though). The list of it has been given in The Asylum Press Almanack And Directory Of Madras And Southern India 1924, Page No: 274–276.[12]
References
edit- ^ Harish Damodaran (25 November 2018). INDIA'S NEW CAPITALISTS: Caste, Business, and Industry in a Modern Nation. Hachette India. pp. 370–. ISBN 978-93-5195-280-0.
- ^ Thornton, Edward (1858). "Description of Rajahmundry District".
- ^ "British Reign in Godvari". 30 January 2024.
- ^ "Permanent Settlement in Godvari District". 30 January 1878.
- ^ Henry Morris (1878). A Descriptive and Historical Account of the Godavery District in the Presidency of Madras. Trübner. p. 278.
- ^ Henry Morris (1878). A Descriptive and Historical Account of the Godavery District in the Presidency of Madras. Trübner. p. 279.
- ^ Henry Morris (1878). A Descriptive and Historical Account of the Godavery District in the Presidency of Madras. Trübner. p. 282.
- ^ Henry Morris (1878). A Descriptive and Historical Account of the Godavery District in the Presidency of Madras. Trübner. pp. 371–375.
- ^ The rent for Pittapoor also included the rent for Cocanada and Coringa
- ^ N. Innaiah (2002). A Century of Politics in Andhra Pradesh: Ethnicity & Regionalism in Indian State. Rationalist Voice Publications.
- ^ Charles Donald Maclean (1879). Standing Information Regarding the Official Administration of the Madras Presidency in Each Department in Illustration of the Yearly Administration Reports Prepared Under the Orders of Government by C. D. Maclean. Keys. pp. 458–.
- ^ "The Asylum Press Almanack And Directory Of Madras And Southern India 1924". 30 January 2024.