Throughout the history of Zimbabwe, a number of strikes, labour disputes, student strikes, hunger strikes, and other industrial actions have occurred.
Background
editA labour strike is a work stoppage caused by the mass refusal of employees to work. This can include wildcat strikes, which are done without union authorisation, and slowdown strikes, where workers reduce their productivity while still carrying out minimal working duties. It is usually a response to employee grievances, such as low pay or poor working conditions. Strikes can also occur to demonstrate solidarity with workers in other workplaces or pressure governments to change policies.
20th century
edit1940s
edit- 1945 Rhodesian rail strike[1][2]
- 1947 Dadaya school strike, strike by students at the Dadaya mission school in Southern Rhodesia.[3]
- 1947 Mount Selinda High School strike, strike by students at the Mount Selinda High School in Southern Rhodesia, against the practice of students being forced to work for the mission during school breaks.[3]
- 1948 Southern Rhodesia general strike[4][5]
1950s
edit1960s
edit1980s
edit- 1980 Zimbabwe wildcat strikes, wildcat strikes in Zimbabwe prior to the country's formal independence.[10]
- 1988–90 Zimbabwe healthcare strikes, series of strikes by healthcare workers, including doctors and nurses.[11][12]
1990s
edit21st century
edit2000s
edit- Zimbabwean cricket crisis
- 2-day general strike in 2005 against Operation Murambatsvina.[16][17]
- 2007–08 Zimbabwe judicial strike[18][19]
2010s
editSee also
editReferences
edit- ^ "1945: Black Rhodesian Rail Workers Strike". LibCom. 18 January 2017. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
- ^ Vickery, Kenneth P. (1 September 1998). "The Rhodesia Railways African Strike of 1945, Part I: A Narrative Account". Journal of Southern African Studies. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
- ^ a b West, Michael O. (1992). "Ndabaningi Sithole, Garfield Todd and the Dadaya school strike of 1947". Journal of Southern African Studies. 18 (2): 297–316. Bibcode:1992JSAfS..18..297W. doi:10.1080/03057079208708316.
- ^ Barnes, Teresa (1995). "'So That a Labourer Could Live with His Family': Overlooked Factors in Social and Economic Strife in Urban Colonial Zimbabwe, 1945-1952". Journal of Southern African Studies. 21 (1): 95–113. Bibcode:1995JSAfS..21...95B. doi:10.1080/03057079508708435. JSTOR 2637333.
- ^ Phimister, Ian; Raftopoulos, Brian (2000). ""Kana sora ratswa ngaritswe": African Nationalists and Black Workers – the 1948 General Strike in Colonial Zimbabwe". Journal of Historical Sociology. 13 (3): 289–324. doi:10.1111/1467-6443.00119.
- ^ Ginsburgh, Nicola (1 January 2020). "Labour and mobility on Rhodesia's railways". Rethinking White Societies in Southern Africa. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
- ^ "SOUTHERN RHODESIA (RAILWAY STRIKE)". Hansard. 16 June 1954. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
- ^ Phimister, Ian (8 September 2015). "A Zambian Town in Colonial Zimbabwe: The 1964 "Wangi Kolia" Strike". International Review of Social History. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
- ^ Phimister, Ian (20 February 2009). "Lashers and Leviathan: The 1954 Coalminers' Strike in Colonial Zimbabwe*". International Review of Social History. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
- ^ Mudiwa, Rudo (13 September 2022). "Timing as Tactic: The Wildcat Strikes during the Transition from Rhodesia to Zimbabwe, March 1980". Journal of Southern African Studies. 48 (5): 901–919. Bibcode:2022JSAfS..48..901M. doi:10.1080/03057070.2022.2116840. Retrieved 4 October 2024.
- ^ "At Least 60 Doctors Arrested In Zimbabwe Hospital Strike". The New York Times. 15 June 1989. Retrieved 17 October 2024.
- ^ Mwonzora, Gift (June 18, 2024). "'The Hand that Gives and the Hand that Takes': The Taming of Zimbabwe Medical Doctors Industrial Job Action". Journal of Asian and African Studies. 59 (4): 1101–1116. doi:10.1177/00219096221130341 – via CrossRef.
- ^ "Striking Zimbabwean civil servants sacked". The Straits Times. 26 August 1996. Retrieved 25 October 2024.
- ^ Meldrum, Andrew (30 August 1996). "Corpses stack up as Zim strike continues". Mail & Guardian. Retrieved 25 October 2024.
- ^ Yeros, Paris (2013). "The rise and fall of trade unionism in Zimbabwe, Part II: 1995-2000". Review of African Political Economy. 40 (137): 394–409. doi:10.1080/03056244.2013.816943. hdl:10.1080/03056244.2013.816943. JSTOR 42003349.
- ^ "Zimbabwe Opposition Assesses Strike". Voice of America. 10 June 2005. Retrieved 30 October 2024.
- ^ "'Slow start' for Zimbabwe strike". BBC News. 9 June 2005. Retrieved 30 October 2024.
- ^ "Striking Zim magistrates awarded wage hike". Mail & Guardian. 6 January 2008. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
- ^ "Zimbabwe judges, magistrates embark on strike". Mail & Guardian. 4 November 2007. Retrieved 1 November 2024.