List of outlaw motorcycle clubs

This is an alphabetical list of outlaw motorcycle clubs.

Outlaw motorcycle clubs

edit
Name Year Founded Location Founded Notes Citations
69'ers MC c. 1960s Brooklyn, New York [1][2][3][4]
Annihilators Motorcycle Club 1974 Richmond Hill, Ontario, Canada Merged with the Loners in June 1999. Led by Canadian gangster Wayne Kellestine, later convicted of the Shedden massacre. [5]
Aava Gang N/A Western Province, Sri Lanka
Bacchus Motorcycle Club 1972 Albert County, New Brunswick, Canada Said to be one of Canada's oldest outlaw motorcycle clubs, they also stand as one of nation's largest in Canada with more than one chapter in New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland & Ontario. Its members are known to only ride Harley-Davidson motorbikes. [6]
Bandidos 1966 San Leon, Texas, US Worldwide membership, estimated 2,400 members in 210 chapters, in 22 countries. The FBI and the Criminal Intelligence Service Canada have named the Bandidos an "outlaw motorcycle gang". [7]
Black Devils MC [de] 1969 Wiesbaden, Germany In addition to Germany, the club has several chapters in Italy. [8][9][10][11][12]
Black Pistons 2002 Neuwied, Germany Official Support club of the Outlaws MC. Has approximately 70 domestic chapters in 20 nations. BLACK & ZILVER MC
Black Uhlans c. 1970s Queensland, Australia
Blue Angels 1963 Glasgow, Scotland Formed by Allan Morrison and Billy Gordon in the Maryhill area of Glasgow, Scotland. Four chapters in Scotland and Leeds, England.[13]
Bones MC [de] 1968 Frankfurt, Germany Patched over to the Hells Angels in 1999. [8][14][15]
Breed Motorcycle Club 1965 Jersey City, New Jersey, US A former one-percenter OMCG that existed within the Northeastern United States. Disbanded in 2006. [16][better source needed]
Brother Speed 1969 Boise, Idaho, Bend, Oregon US Operates within various states of the American Northwest. Membership reportedly consists of at least 200. [17]
Bullshit Motorcycle Club 1979 Tårnby, Amager, Denmark Dissolved in 1988 after many of its members were killed by rival Hells Angels in the Copenhagen Biker War.
Caloh Wagoh [nl] 2016 The Hauge, Netherlands Banned and dissolved by the Amsterdam District Court in 2021. [18][19][20][21][22]
Cannonball 1991 Helsinki, Finland The group started out as a Hells Angels support club, before eventually branching off into its own unaffiliated independent entity. [23]
Chicanos Motorcycle Club 2003 Pritzwalk, Germany With chapters in at least 8 countries, they are one of the most well-known support clubs for the Bandidos MC.
Chosen Few 1959 Los Angeles, US A mixed race outlaw motorcycle club that has chapters in at least 34 U.S. states and the Philippines. [24][25]
Club Deroes 1971 Perth, Australia
Coffin Cheaters 1970 Perth, Australia In the 1980s, the gang was among the four dominant outlaw motorcycle clubs in Western Australia. Currently operates charters in Norway, Australia and the United States. [26]
Comanchero 1968 Sydney, New South Wales, Australia Has four chapters in Australia, in addition to having a European presence within Russia, Bosnia and Spain. They are also active in Thailand and the United States. As of 2009, its membership consists of approximately 80 to 100 members.
Cossacks Motorcycle Club 1969 Tyler, Texas Notable for their involvement in the 2015 Waco shootout. [27][28][29]
Devils Diciples 1967 Fontana, California, US Although they share the same name, the group is unrelated to the Devils Disciples MC in Northwestern Europe or the Devil's Disciples MC in Quebec. There is also a club in Massachusetts known as the Devil's Desciples MC that also lacks any connection to this group (aside from the name).
Devil's Disciples Motorcycle Club c. 1960s Quebec, Canada Disbanded by 1975 following a violent turf war with the Popeye Moto Club. Some notable leaders of the Devil's Disciples included Jacques "Coco" Mercier, Gilles Forget, and Claude "Johnny Halliday" Ellefsen. [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37]
Devils Henchmen c. 1970s Timaru, New Zealand [38][39][40]
Diablos Motorcycle Club 1999 Pattaya, Thailand Populous support club for the Bandidos MC, mostly active in parts of Europe and Asia.
Diablos 1961 San Bernardino, California, US [41]
Dirty Dozen Motorcycle Club 1964 Arizona Merged with the Hells Angels in 1997.
Druids MC North 1978 Sheffield, England [42][43][44]
El Forastero 1962 Sioux City, Iowa, US Formed by bikers who had been turned down for attempting to establish a chapter of the Satan Slaves Motorcycle Club.
Epitaph Riders 1969 Christchurch, New Zealand Absorbed by the Head Hunters Motorcycle Club. [45][46][47][48][49][50]
The Finks 1970s Adelaide, South Australia, Australia A majority of the group's members, most of which belonged to the Perth chapter, were patched over to the Mongols Motorcycle Club in 2013.
Free Souls Motorcycle Club 1969 Eugene, Oregon, US Founded in 1969, this club is based in Eugene, Oregon with additional chapters in Washington state as well as Germany. [51][52]
Galloping Goose 1942 Los Angeles, US A Hollister riot participant with a predominant presence throughout American Midwest. [53][54]
Gate Keepers Motorcycle Club 2013 Musquodoboit Harbour, Nova Scotia Canadian support club for the Hells Angels MC. Active in Ontario and Nova Scotia.
Gitans MC 1967 Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada Known infamously for going to war with the Atomes MC, another drug-dealing outlaw motorcycle club based out of Sherbrooke. After successfully wiping out the Atomes MC, they went on to be absorbed ("patched-over") by the Hells Angels MC in 1984 to re-emerge as what is now the Hells Angels Sherbrooke charter.
Gladiators MC [no] c. 1980s Oslo, Norway Not to be confused with the Australian-founded club nor the non-outlaw military motorcycle club based in Ohio - which all share the same name. [55][56]
Gods Garbage Early 1970s Albany, Western Australia [38][57][58]
Goyim riders c. 2000 Hungary An anti-Romani and antisemitic club, which values Hungarian ultranationalism. [59][60]
Gremium 1972 Mannheim, Germany Gremium has over 100 chapters claims to be the largest motorcycle club in Germany. [61]
Grim Reapers 1967 Alberta, Canada Unrelated to the American-based club of the same name. [62][failed verification]
Grim Reapers MC 1965 Louisville, Kentucky An independent three-piece patch outlaw motorcycle club. The group's members exclusively ride Harley-Davidson motorbikes. [63][64][65]
Gypsy Joker 1956 San Francisco, US Located in Australia, Germany, Norway, South Africa and the United States of America. [66]
Hardliners MC [nl] 2019 Haarlem, Netherlands Founded by former Hells Angels Haarlem president Lysander de R. With at least 22 chapters, the club is reported to be one of the largest outlaw biker gangs in the Netherlands. [67][68][69][70][71][72][73]
Head Hunters 1967 West Auckland, New Zealand Having a national presence within the country, the HHMC sustain a reputation as being one of New Zealand's most notorious organized crime groups. [74][75][76]
Hells Angels MC 1948 San Bernardino, California, US Worldwide membership, estimated 4,500 members in 35 countries. Supporter clubs & groups include Red & White, Big Red Machine, Red Devils MC, Gate Keepers MC, and many others.
Hell's Lovers 1967 Chicago, US Active across the United States of America, they are a multiracial outlaw biker group.
Hessians Motorcycle Club 1968 Costa Mesa, California, US A small, but notable, American outlaw motorcycle gang which maintains at least 5 chapters across the nation. [77]
Highway 61 MC 1968 Auckland, New Zealand One of the largest gangs in New Zealand, and for a time, the nation's largest outlaw motorcycle club. Also operates in the Commonwealth of Australia. [78]
Highwaymen 1954 Detroit, US Currently the largest outlaw motorcycle club in the city of Detroit. [79]
Homietos Motorcycle Club N/A N/A Active as of 2023 in Oklahoma City, Kansas City, and Texas. Rival gang of the Bandidos Motorcycle Club.
Iron Horsemen 1960s Cincinnati, US A major 1%er club in the United States. Despite maintaining a high-profile for themselves in the country, they do not have any international charters and are exclusively domestic.
Kamikaze Riders [fr] 2004 Anderlecht, Belgium [80][81][82][83][84][85][86]
Kinfolk Motorcycle Club 2016 Texas, U.S. A one-percenter motorcycle club consisting of former Bandidos Motorcycle Club members. The two clubs are known for their long-standing rivalry. [87][88][89][90][91]
Kings Crew Motorcycle Club c. 1977 Alberta, Canada Believed to been patched-over by the Hells Angels sometime in the 1990s. [92][93][94][95][96]
Life and Death MC 1978 Greater Western Sydney, Australia [97][98][99][100][101]
Lone Legion Brotherhood Unknown Blenheim, New Zealand [102]
Lone Wolf MC 1971 New South Wales, Australia [38][103][104][105][106]
Loners Motorcycle Club 1984 Woodbridge, Ontario, Canada Co-founded by Frank Lenti. Now an International club with over 30 chapters Worldwide. [107]
Lost Breed 1976 Nelson, New Zealand A now-defunct outlaw biker club which had a very eminent existence in the New Zealand city of Nelson. They were "shut down" by the Hells Angels in 2015. [108]
Market Street Commandos 1940s San Francisco, US Notable for their participation in the Hollister riot of 1947. They would later merge with the Hells Angels to form the latter's San Francisco charter.
Median Empire MC [de] 2011 Cologne, Germany Perdominantly Kurdish-German self-proclaimed "1%er club". In addition to Germany, the group has chapters in other European countries. [109][110][111][112][113][114]
Mobshitters 1970 Hurstville, New South Wales, Australia A small, but significant, Australian outlaw bikie gang. [115][116]
Mongols 1969 Montebello, California, US Although the club is primarily situated in SoCal, it maintains a nationwide presence and has additional chapters in at least 13 overseas countries. [117]
Moonshiners 1934 Compton, California, US Known for their participation in the "Hollister riot".
Nomads 1968 Newcastle, Australia Has a substantial amount of both chapters and members across the Commonwealth of Australia.
No Surrender 2013 Zundert, Netherlands One of the most notable outlaw motorcycle clubs to have come out of the Netherlands. With over 1000 members across the globe, they have chapters in Belgium, Germany, France, Italy, Sweden, Norway, Spain, Morocco, Lebanon, United Kingdom, Thailand, Bosnia, Suriname, Georgia, New Zealand, Australia, Canada, and the United States.
Notorious 2007 Sydney, Australia Disbanded in 2012, after law enforcement arrested prominent members, and other members quitting the gang life. [118]
Notorious MC 2013 Wuppertal, Germany An independent 1%er OMCG which originated in Germany, and has since expanded into England, Spain and Canada.
Odin's Warriors MC 1971 Brisbane, Australia [119][120][121]
Original Red Devils Motorcycle Club 1948 Hamilton, Ontario, Canada Canada's oldest outlaw motorcycle club. patched over to Bacchus MC in 2014 [122][123][124]
Osmanen Germania c. 2014–2015 Hessen, Germany Banned by the Federal Ministry of the Interior in 2018. [125][126][127][128][129][130]
Outlaws 1935 McCook, Illinois, US With an estimated 176 chapters across the globe, they prevail as one of the world's most powerful OMCGs. [131][132]
Pagan's 1959 Prince George's County, Maryland, US Regarded by law enforcement to be among the largest and most criminally involved outlaw motorcycle gangs in the United States. [133][134]
Peckerwoods 1987 Santee, California, US An all-white outlaw motorcycle club in the United States; members of other races are forbidden from joining. This small organization has been the subject of notoriety due to its connections with the American white supremacist movement. [135][136][137][138]
Pissed Off Bastards of Bloomington 1945 Bloomington, California, US Members of the group played an integral role in the highly publicized Hollister Invasion.
Popeye Moto Club 1950s-1960s Montreal, Quebec Absorbed by the Hells Angels in 1977 to become the first Hells Angels Motorcycle Club chapter in Canada. [139][140][141]
Rebels 1969 Brisbane, Australia Originally known as the Confederates, this outlaw OMCG has 70-something chapters worldwide and is the largest in Australia.
Rebels 1968 Red Deer, Alberta, Canada One of the four dominant outlaw motorcycle clubs in Alberta prior to 1997. [142]
Red Devils Motorcycle Club c. 2001 Karlstad, Värmland, Sweden The largest and most prominent support club for the Hells Angels MC. Active in nearly 20 countries. [143][144][145]
Road Knights 1979 Timaru, New Zealand As of 2009, Road Knights membership in New Zealand was low and former leadership had either dispersed, died or gone to jail. [146][147][148]
Road Rats 1960s London, England, U.K. Said to be one of England's oldest outlaw motorcycle clubs.
Road Runners 1978 Silesia, Poland In addition to Poland, they are located in Germany, Switzerland and the US. There exist more motorcycle clubs called Road Runners MC, but these are unrelated to this particular group. [149]: 177 
Road Tramps 1987 Limerick, Ireland [150][151][152][153]
Rock Machine 1986 Montreal, Quebec, Canada One of the two primary belligerents in the Quebec Biker War (the other being the Hells Angels). The club was founded by Salvatore Cazzetta. [154]
Rockers Motor Club 1992 Montreal, Quebec
Sadistic Souls Motorcycle Club 2010 Wood River, Illinois, US Primarily active in the Midwestern U.S. but also has chapters in New Zealand, Australia, and the United Kingdom. Maintains strong ties with the United Klans of America and The Creativity Movement. Likewise, they are listed by the Southern Poverty Law Center as being an active neo-Nazi hate group in the United States. [155][156]
Satan's Choice MC 1965 Oshawa, Ontario, Canada During the 1970s, the group had been regarded as being Canada's largest outlaw motorcycle club. Founded by Bernie Guindon. [157][158][159][160][161]
Satans Slaves c. 1967 Shipley, West Yorkshire, U.K. Mostly situated in England, with a single chapter in Scotland, as well as a growing presence in Germany. This particular one-percenter club is unrelated to the now-defunct American club of the same name. They are also not to be confused with the Wellington-based Satan's Slaves Motorcycle Club, who include an apostrophe in the spelling of their name. [162][163][164][165][166][167]
Satudarah 1990 Moordrecht, Netherlands Affirms that it welcomes members of all races into the club. Outlawed within the Netherlands in 2018 by the Dutch justice system.
Schwarze Schar MC [de] 2008 Wismar, Germany Banned by the Federal Ministry of the Interior in 2013. [168][169][170][171]
Sin City Deciples 1966 Gary, Indiana, US One of the most established, extensive and oldest African-American outlaw motorcycle clubs of the US. [172]
Sinn Féin MC c. 1970s Upper Hutt, New Zealand Patched over to the Head Hunters MC in 2011. [173][174][175][176][177]
Solo Angeles 1959 Tijuana, Mexico Known for their annual charity run, where they deliver toys to poor children around Tijuana.
Sons of Aesir 2005 Arizona, US An independent outlaw motorcycle club based out of Arizona. They have been described as a neo-Nazi white supremacist biker gang by the Anti Defamation League. [178][179][180]
Sons of Satan 1949 Lancaster, Pennsylvania, US A brother club for the Pagan's MC. [181]
Sons of Silence 1966 Niwot, Colorado, US For a time, the group was designated by federal law enforcement as one of the "big five" motorcycle gangs in the US. Though mostly known to be a US-based club, the Sons of Silence also manages chapters in Germany.
Sundowners Motorcycle Club 1968 San Fernando Valley, California, [182]
Tribesmen Motorcycle Club 1980 Murupara, New Zealand A prominent Māori bikie gang in New Zealand. [46][183][184][185][186]
Trust Motorcycle Club 1984 Ergoldsbach, Germany The club has 33 chapters in Germany, as well as seven chapters in Romania, one chapter in Belgium, and one chapter in Thailand. [187][188][189]
Vagos 1965 San Bernardino, California, U.S. Regarded as one of the largest and most powerful one-percenter biker gangs in the United States.
Vendettas Motorcycle Club 2009 Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada Support club for the Rock Machine Motorcycle Club.
Warlocks 1965 Philadelphia, US Said to be the first one-percenter club to be founded in the state of Pennsylvania. Allied with the Philly mob and Wheels of Soul MC.
Warlocks 1967 Orlando, Florida, US Has chapters in various parts of the United States in addition to Canada, the United Kingdom and Germany.
Wheels of Soul 1967 Philadelphia, US A predominantly black (but multiracial) one-percenter club. [190][191]
Zulus 1969 Akron, Ohio, US Known for being one of the first Afro-American 1%er clubs in the United States. [192][193][194]

See also

edit

References

edit
  1. ^ "Middle District of Florida | Members of the 69ers Motorcycle Club Convicted of Murdering Chapter President of Rival Outlaws Motorcycle Club | United States Department of Justice". August 12, 2019.
  2. ^ "Members of the 69ers Motorcycle Club Sentenced to Life in Prison for Murdering Chapter President of Rival Outlaws Motorcycle Club | Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives".
  3. ^ "Biker gang members get life for killing rival gang president in Florida". November 21, 2019.
  4. ^ "1 year later, murder of Daytona Outlaws biker 'Louie da Lip' remains unsolved".
  5. ^ "The Facts Behind Biker Gangs". The London Free Press. April 18, 1998. Archived from the original on December 1, 2017. Retrieved December 1, 2017.
  6. ^ "Bacchus motorcycle gang moves to Halifax". The Chronicle Herald. May 30, 2014. Archived from the original on September 15, 2014. Retrieved November 4, 2014.
  7. ^ "2005 National Gang Threat Assessment" (PDF). Bureau of Justice Assistance (BJA), U.S. Department of Justice.: 14. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 22, 2005. Retrieved December 22, 2005. All of the major OMGs have support clubs that serve as a recruitment source and as foot soldiers in conducting criminal activities. The Hells Angels' principal support club is the Red Devils, the Outlaws have the Black Pistons. The Pagans have the Tribe and the Blitzkrieg and Thunderguards (in Maryland). The Bandidos have several support clubs, including the Amigos, Pistoleros, LA Riders, Hombres, and Hermanos. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  8. ^ a b https://starweb.hessen.de/cache/DRS/15/7/02567.pdf [bare URL PDF]
  9. ^ https://www.gdp.de/gdp/gdpber.nsf/id/DE_FA-Krimbek/$file/Vortrag%20Rocker%20GdP.pdf [bare URL PDF]
  10. ^ ""Mach's Maul auf, Drecksau!"". March 3, 2023.
  11. ^ "Tausende Rocker erobern Diedenbergen". January 26, 2019.
  12. ^ Maus, Robert (February 25, 2019). "Motorradclub Black Devils: Die Rückkehr der schwarzen Teufel". Faz.net.
  13. ^ "US". The Independent. Archived from the original on June 9, 2008. Retrieved March 27, 2018.
  14. ^ https://www.focus.de/politik/deutschland/aufmarsch-der-giganten-kriminalitaet_id_1922222.html [bare URL]
  15. ^ "MC Bones ein Bericht von Winni Scheibe".
  16. ^ "Information on The Breed". Mafianj.com. September 13, 2012. Archived from the original on July 1, 2013. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
  17. ^ "The Most Dangerous Biker Gangs in America". Complex.
  18. ^ https://www.aic.gov.au/sites/default/files/2022-09/ti655_dutch_approach_gangs.pdf [bare URL PDF]
  19. ^ "Motorclub Caloh Wagoh verboden en ontbonden door rechtbank". April 19, 2021.
  20. ^ "Politie zag hoe Richard Z. Gebouw Panorama verkende, maar voorkwam aanslag niet". October 5, 2018.
  21. ^ https://www.parool.nl/nieuws/tweede-kroongetuige-verklaart-over-liquidatie-jair-wessels~b1e90529/ [bare URL]
  22. ^ "Life sentences in 'horrifying' Caloh Wagoh murder case". July 5, 2022.
  23. ^ Police hit biker gang HQ in Helsinki Yle (4 June 2015)
  24. ^ Levingston, Tobie Gene; Zimmerman, Kent (2004), Soul on bikes: the East Bay Dragons MC and the Black biker set, MotorBooks International, p. 199, ISBN 0-7603-1747-X
  25. ^ Simmons, Ann (July 14, 2011). "Chosen Few motorcycle gang is targeted in crackdown". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on July 18, 2011. Retrieved July 14, 2011.
  26. ^ Robinson, Russell (March 24, 2007). "Bikie gangs run nightclub drug scene". The Australian.
  27. ^ "15 Things You Didn't Know About the Cossacks Motorcycle Club". April 11, 2020.
  28. ^ "Cossacks Motorcycle Club: 5 Fast Facts You Need to Know". May 18, 2015.
  29. ^ "What Is The Cossacks Motorcycle Club? Allegedly Involved In Sunday's Incident With The Bandidos, The Group Is Significantly Less Notorious". Bustle. May 18, 2015.
  30. ^ "How Canada's Most Prolific Hit Man Turned Informant on the Hells Angels". www.vice.com. September 26, 2017.
  31. ^ Langton, Jerry (October 7, 2010). Showdown: How the Outlaws, Hells Angels and Cops Fought for Control of the Streets. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-0-470-67878-7 – via Google Books.
  32. ^ Charbonneau, Renee. "Motorcycling in Canada – A Ride Through our History – Part 8". bustedknucklechronicles.com. Archived from the original on October 27, 2021. Retrieved October 27, 2021.
  33. ^ Edwards, Peter; Auger, Michel (November 16, 2012). The Encyclopedia of Canadian Organized Crime: From Captain Kidd to Mom Boucher. McClelland & Stewart. ISBN 9780771030499 – via Google Books.
  34. ^ Cherry, Paul (January 5, 2006). The Biker Trials: Bringing Down the Hells Angels. ECW Press. ISBN 978-1-55490-250-7 – via Google Books.
  35. ^ "Erreur".
  36. ^ "Biker gangs in Canada".
  37. ^ "Motards et mafia: une ligne de plus en plus diffuse". La Presse. May 8, 2018.
  38. ^ a b c https://www.parliament.wa.gov.au/publications/tabledpapers.nsf/displaypaper/4110901c696aea25f507149a48258792000efba2/$file/tp-901.pdf [bare URL PDF]
  39. ^ "Stuff".
  40. ^ "Devil's Henchman denies killing Lisa Blakie". June 12, 2001.
  41. ^ "Information on Diablos". Archived from the original on October 21, 2008.
  42. ^ "HISTORY | 1% Bike Club | Sheffield, UK | DRUIDS MC NORTH".
  43. ^ Hayes, Bill (April 3, 2018). The One Percenter Encyclopedia: The World of Outlaw Motorcycle Clubs from Abyss Ghosts to Zombies Elite. Motorbooks. ISBN 978-0-7603-6053-8.
  44. ^ "Druids MC North (UK) - Motorcycle Clubs".
  45. ^ "Notorious gangs eye up Christchurch". Stuff. July 8, 2013.
  46. ^ a b Taonga, New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage Te Manatu. "Motorcycle and white supremacist gangs". teara.govt.nz.
  47. ^ "Jarrod Gilbert: Gang brotherhood opens gates of hell". NZ Herald. June 16, 2023.
  48. ^ "Born to be wild" – via PressReader.
  49. ^ Newbold, Greg (June 3, 2016). Crime, Law and Justice in New Zealand. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-317-27561-9 – via Google Books.
  50. ^ "Gangs set to face off over drug dealings" – via PressReader.
  51. ^ "Trial shines light on 'outlaw' biker gang activities in state. - Free Online Library". www.thefreelibrary.com. Retrieved June 7, 2022.
  52. ^ "Police fear violence as outlaw bikers move to Oregon - OregonLive.com". February 6, 2014. Archived from the original on February 6, 2014. Retrieved June 7, 2022.
  53. ^ Mallory, Stephen L. (2007), Understanding Organized Crime; Criminal justice illuminated, Jones & Bartlett Publishers, p. 160, ISBN 978-0-7637-4108-2
  54. ^ Garson, Paul (2006), "Hollister, Roswell, and a Brave New Bro's World—1947", in Davidson, Jean; Thompson, Hunter S. (eds.), The Harley-Davidson Reader, MotorBooks/MBI Publishing Company, pp. 129–134, ISBN 0-7603-2591-X
  55. ^ https://web.archive.org/web/20131020021658/https://www.politi.no/vedlegg/lokale_vedlegg/politidirektoratet/Vedlegg_1853.pdf [bare URL PDF]
  56. ^ "Frykter MC-kaos hvis han hevner attentatet". January 23, 2012.
  57. ^ "Bikie hits back at police 'fear campaign'". October 22, 2009.
  58. ^ "Bikie gang trio charged with extortion, robbery". ABC News. April 23, 2007.
  59. ^ "Goy Bikers and the press". April 26, 2008.
  60. ^ Feischmidt, Margit; Majtényi, Balázs (February 2020). The Rise of Populist Nationalism: Social Resentments and Capturing the Constitution in Hungary. Central European University Press. ISBN 9789633863329.
  61. ^ Bundeslagebild Organisierte Kriminalität 2010 (PDF) (in German), German Federal Criminal Police Office (Bundeskriminalamt), p. 19, archived from the original (PDF) on October 14, 2011, retrieved May 12, 2013
  62. ^ "Quebec's motorcycle gangs". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. March 2, 2004. Archived from the original on February 23, 2009. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
  63. ^ "The Rise And Fall Of The Grim Reapers Motorcycle Club". HotCars. September 10, 2020.
  64. ^ "The Queen of Meth Lori Arnold and Connections to Grim Reapers MC". May 10, 2021.
  65. ^ "Grim Reapers president pleads guilty". Dispatch Argus. April 21, 1999.
  66. ^ Veno, Arthur (2003), The Brotherhoods, Allen & Unwin, pp. 76 ff, ISBN 978-1-74114-137-5
  67. ^ "OM vraagt om civielrechtelijk verbod motorclub Hardliners - Nieuwsbericht - Openbaar Ministerie". September 6, 2023.
  68. ^ "Nieuwe motorclub Hardliners MC heeft al zes chapters". August 24, 2019.
  69. ^ "OM wil motorbende Hardliners laten verbieden | Binnenland | Telegraaf.nl". September 6, 2023.
  70. ^ "'MC Hardliners-voorman deelt lakens uit in gevangenis Zaanstad'". August 18, 2021.
  71. ^ "Leden MC Hardliners verdacht van gijzeling en afpersing: Wat is dit voor motorbende?".
  72. ^ "Rechtbank: Hardliners-President Lysander de R. Voorlopig niet vrij (UPDATE)". August 7, 2023.
  73. ^ "Oud-Hells Angels-kopstuk Lysander de R. Aangehouden in gevangenis".
  74. ^ "Gang seeks to flex muscle". Stuff. January 24, 2013. Archived from the original on October 28, 2014. Retrieved October 28, 2014.
  75. ^ "How gang made millions – National – NZ Herald News". The New Zealand Herald. July 24, 1999. Archived from the original on October 29, 2013. Retrieved October 24, 2013.
  76. ^ "Notorious gangs eye up Christchurch". Stuff. July 8, 2013. Archived from the original on October 27, 2014. Retrieved October 28, 2014.
  77. ^ Miller, Martin (September 10, 1994). "8 in Biker Gang Arrested in 5-City Sweep : Crackdown: About 200 officers seize weapons and drugs in early morning raids. Two federal agents had infiltrated the tightly knit Hessians club". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on June 3, 2016. Retrieved February 20, 2020.
  78. ^ "Motorcycle and white supremacist gangs".
  79. ^ Members of "Highwaymen Motorcycle Club" Indicted on Violent Crime, Drug, and Gun Charges, Federal Bureau of Investigation, May 14, 2009, archived from the original on May 12, 2016, retrieved July 28, 2016
  80. ^ "Antiterrorisme : "Kamikaze Riders", un gang de motards dans le viseur". July 5, 2017.
  81. ^ "Men who 'plotted Brussels terror attack' are members of a motorbike club named after Japanese suicide bombers". Independent.co.uk. December 31, 2015.
  82. ^ "Saïd Saouti des Kamikaze Riders voulait "attaquer la population belge comme à Paris"". January 21, 2024.
  83. ^ "'Kamikaze' bikers linked to Belgian anti-terror swoop". July 6, 2017.
  84. ^ "Motorbende van ISIS bereidde aanslag voor in clublokaal". December 30, 2015.
  85. ^ "Menace terroriste à Bruxelles: Les "Kamikaze Riders" dans le viseur du juge". January 20, 2024.
  86. ^ "Kamikaze Riders, itinéraire d'un groupe radicalisé". January 19, 2024.
  87. ^ Borunda, Daniel. "Kinfolk MC biker on trial describes why he shot Bandidos in deadly El Paso bar shooting". El Paso Times.
  88. ^ "Kinfolk MC (Motorcycle Club)". One Percenter Bikers. December 31, 2016.
  89. ^ "Kinfolk Motorcycle Club, once a parody, now a legitimate force in the motorcycle club scene". November 19, 2019.
  90. ^ Bock, Holly (January 15, 2019). "Murder trial starts for Kinfolk bike member". KFOX.
  91. ^ "Kinfolk MC United States Kinfolk 1% ER Trademark of Ward, Joe. Serial Number: 88753392 :: Trademark Elite Trademarks". www.trademarkelite.com.
  92. ^ "Kings Crew MC (Motorcycle Club)". January 17, 2016.
  93. ^ Wolf, Daniel R. (December 15, 2000). The Rebels: A Brotherhood of Outlaw Bikers. University of Toronto Press. ISBN 978-1-4426-5957-5.
  94. ^ "Former gang member becomes professional Calgary Santa".
  95. ^ "'Never-ending war': How Alberta is cracking down on the Hells Angels and the outlaw biker gangs that support them".
  96. ^ "CN AB: Innocents Caught in Gang Turf Wars". Media Awareness Project.
  97. ^ https://www.thechronicle.com.au/news/toowoomba-bikie-boss-lashes-out-at-tough-new-laws/news-story/d42a011735073b025b04462edcdd9fa5 [bare URL]
  98. ^ "List of Australian Outlaw Motorcycle Clubs & their Territories". March 26, 2019.
  99. ^ "Gang loses Life and Death struggle". March 27, 2015.
  100. ^ https://www.couriermail.com.au/news/toowoomba-bikies-hand-in-their-patches/news-story/ef26560edaadb65cf5d329812fd89cfa [bare URL]
  101. ^ "Tatts Life and Death at the Naked Gun". June 17, 2008.
  102. ^ "Gangs of Marlborough". The Marlborough Express. April 16, 2008. Archived from the original on September 15, 2010. Retrieved October 15, 2011.
  103. ^ "Bikie gangs: The definitive guide to WA's underbelly". March 3, 2021.
  104. ^ "Raptor Squad charge three senior Lone Wolf OMCG members; one over Connells Point shooting – Strike Force Searle". September 15, 2023.
  105. ^ "Lone Wolf gang member jailed after revolver discovered in air duct". July 8, 2021.
  106. ^ "WA's newest bikie gang in $1m drug bust". February 21, 2015.
  107. ^ Langton, Jerry (2010), Showdown: How the Outlaws, Hells Angels and Cops Fought for Control of the Streets, John Wiley & sons, p. 117, ISBN 978-0-470-67878-7
  108. ^ Phillips, Vanessa (April 18, 2009). "Sympathy for the Devils". The Nelson Mail. Archived from the original on January 12, 2013. Retrieved October 15, 2011.
  109. ^ "Rebels, Sons of Silence, Gypsy Joker, Brothers, Median Empire: Haben es jetzt diese Rockergangs auf Deutschland abgesehen?". February 25, 2015.
  110. ^ ""Median Empire": Kurden-Rocker drohen den Hells Angels". November 5, 2012.
  111. ^ Diehl, Jörg; Kämper, Vera (October 15, 2014). "Islamischer Staat: Rocker kämpfen mit Kurden gegen IS". Der Spiegel.
  112. ^ https://www.focus.de/politik/deutschland/unsere-jungs-waren-heute-in-kobane-jetzt-auch-rocker-aus-deutschland-koelner-in-kutten-ziehen-in-den-krieg-gegen-is_id_4210216.html [bare URL]
  113. ^ Ata, Mehmet (August 13, 2012). "Rockergruppen: Kanaken in Kutten". Faz.net.
  114. ^ "Erschreckende Zusammenarbeit: Migranten-Rocker greifen nach der Macht". August 18, 2012.
  115. ^ "Bikie gangs of NSW", The Daily Telegraph
  116. ^ Fife-Yeomans, Janet (November 7, 2009), "Pubs, clubs ban bikies' colours", The Daily Telegraph
  117. ^ Denson, Bryan (April 20, 2008). "Police fear violence as outlaw bikers move to Oregon: The Mongols motorcycle club risks retaliation as it pushes into rival turf". The Oregonian. Archived from the original on February 6, 2014. Retrieved December 22, 2021.
  118. ^ Ralston, Nick; Davies, Lisa (April 22, 2012). "Notoriety was main undoing of gang of pseudo-bikies". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved June 7, 2022.
  119. ^ https://www.publications.qld.gov.au/dataset/2370ab47-b1c2-4b71-bd61-9ff75099ae5f/resource/fb08d9db-a31a-488c-8df4-4cfa325cb9c7/download/jag3080931v1submission512inquiryarea5.pdf [bare URL PDF]
  120. ^ "Odin's Warriors Criminal Motorcycle Gang arrests in Central Queensland by Task Force Maxima". March 15, 2015.
  121. ^ "Police officer recalls gunshots and 'flying bodies' during infamous bikie shootout". ABC News. August 31, 2022.
  122. ^ Edwards, Peter (November 10, 2014). "Red Devils of Canada, country's oldest outlaw biker club, gives up ghost". The Toronto Star.
  123. ^ "Original Red Devils MC (Motorcycle Club)". January 26, 2016.
  124. ^ "RED DEVILS: A glimpse into Hamilton's oldest outlaw biker gang". The Hamilton Spectator. September 4, 2014.
  125. ^ ""Osmanen Germania": Innenminister Horst Seehofer verbietet rockerähnliche Gruppe". Die Welt. July 10, 2018 – via www.welt.de.
  126. ^ "Osmanen Germania: Razzien gegen türkisch-nationalistische Rocker in Deutschland". Die Welt. March 13, 2018 – via www.welt.de.
  127. ^ "Innenministerium verbietet Rockergruppe "Osmanen Germania"". Der Tagesspiegel Online. July 10, 2018 – via Tagesspiegel.
  128. ^ "Hubschrauber und etliche Polizisten bei Prozessauftakt im Einsatz: Wer sind die Osmanen Germania?". www.hna.de. March 26, 2018.
  129. ^ Diehl, Jörg; Siemens, Ansgar (March 27, 2018). "Osmanen Germania: Warum die Rocker Flüchtlingsheime bewachten". Der Spiegel – via www.spiegel.de.
  130. ^ "Spektakuläre Prozesse in Stammheim: RAF-Gerichtssaal ist Geschichte". stuttgarter-zeitung.de.
  131. ^ "17 Things You Didn't Know About The Outlaws Motorcycle Club". HotCars. April 16, 2020.
  132. ^ "What was the first outlaw motorcycle club?". HowStuffWorks. September 4, 2015.
  133. ^ Pagan's Motorcycle Club report nj.gov
  134. ^ "Information on Pagans". Archived from the original on July 20, 2009.
  135. ^ "'Operation Blue and White' Nets 14 Peckerwoods Members – re> San Diego, May 23". California: PR Newswire. Archived from the original on June 5, 2011. Retrieved August 5, 2012.
  136. ^ "Undercover Officer Provides Inside Look Into Local Gang – San Diego News Story – KGTV San Diego". 10news.com. November 16, 2010. Archived from the original on February 12, 2011. Retrieved August 5, 2012.
  137. ^ "County removes photo of man in White supremacist biker gang T-shirt from its website". San Diego Union-Tribune. October 1, 2021.
  138. ^ Barker, Thomas (October 17, 2014). Biker Gangs and Transnational Organized Crime. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-317-52411-3.
  139. ^ Onepercenterbikers (September 30, 2017). "Popeyes MC (Motorcycle Club) – One Percenter Bikers". One Percenter Bikers. Archived from the original on October 18, 2020. Retrieved October 21, 2020.
  140. ^ "How Canada's Most Prolific Hit Man Turned Informant on the Hells Angels". September 26, 2017. Archived from the original on October 19, 2020. Retrieved October 21, 2020.
  141. ^ "How the Hells Angels Conquered Canada". October 27, 2016. Archived from the original on October 21, 2020. Retrieved October 21, 2020.
  142. ^ Wolf, Daniel R. (1991). The Rebels: a brotherhood of outlaw bikers By Daniel R. Wolf. University of Toronto Press. ISBN 978-0-8020-7363-1. Archived from the original on November 9, 2020. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
  143. ^ Biker gangs in Canada, CBC, April 15, 2009, archived from the original on April 29, 2014, retrieved May 8, 2014, Said to be the oldest motorcycle gang in Canada
  144. ^ "Police raid Canada's oldest biker club", Windsor Star, November 21, 2011, archived from the original on August 31, 2019, retrieved August 31, 2019
  145. ^ Bajer, Erica (March 17, 2011), "Bikers threaten to charge cop with trespassing", Chatham Daily News, archived from the original on May 12, 2014, retrieved May 8, 2014
  146. ^ Stokes, Cam. "NZ gang history photos — RK's (Road Knights') 20th anniversary 1999". GangScene. Archived from the original on February 8, 2013. Retrieved July 29, 2013.
  147. ^ "Road Knights Motorcycle Club". Archived from the original on December 18, 2014. Retrieved October 28, 2014.
  148. ^ "Enfilade/Defilade: Suited/Booted: Gangs in 5th Island". Archived from the original on October 28, 2014. Retrieved October 28, 2014.
  149. ^ Hayes, Bill (2011), The One Percenter Encyclopedia: The World of Outlaw Motorcycle Clubs from Abyss Ghosts to Zombies Elite, Motorbooks, ISBN 978-1-61059-801-9, archived from the original on February 13, 2016, retrieved April 16, 2015
  150. ^ Lally, Conor. "Gardaí believe biker gang dispute led to Limerick shooting". The Irish Times.
  151. ^ Hayes, Bill (April 15, 2014). Hell on Wheels: An Illustrated History of Outlaw Motorcycle Clubs. Motorbooks. ISBN 978-1-62788-143-2.
  152. ^ "'Road Tramps threatened to burn my family'". independent. July 23, 2017.
  153. ^ "20 Pictures Of Gangs And Their Motorcycles". HotCars. September 18, 2018. Archived from the original on October 27, 2021. Retrieved October 27, 2021.
  154. ^ Edwards, Peter; Auger, Michel (2004), The encyclopedia of Canadian organized crime: from Captain Kidd to Mom Boucher, Random House, p. 208, ISBN 978-0-7710-3044-4
  155. ^ "Sadistic Souls". Archived from the original on November 6, 2018. Retrieved October 14, 2019.
  156. ^ "Aryan Nations Sadistiuc Souls MC Trademark – Serial Number 87161084". Archived from the original on October 14, 2019. Retrieved October 14, 2019.
  157. ^ "Meet the godfather of Canada's outlaw biker club, Satan's Choice | CBC Radio".
  158. ^ "Satan's Choice MC (Motorcycle Club)". One Percenter Bikers. September 4, 2016.
  159. ^ "Back to the future: Satan's Choice biker club reappears on Ontario roads". OurWindsor.ca. August 18, 2017.
  160. ^ "Satan's Choice: A Documentary About The Canadian Bikers Of 1966". The Reprobate. January 15, 2020.
  161. ^ "Alleged Hells Angels affiliate charged with beating rival with bat in broad daylight near St. Catharines convenience store". stcatharinesstandard.com. June 18, 2020.
  162. ^ "'Satan's Slaves bike gang leader sexually molested me as a child'". mirror. October 5, 2015.
  163. ^ "Satans Slaves MC (Motorcycle Club)". One Percenter Bikers. January 8, 2016.
  164. ^ Nsubuga, Jimmy (November 23, 2017). "Man threatened to lie victim was paedo to get him beaten up by 'Satan slaves'".
  165. ^ Barker, Thomas (October 17, 2014). Biker Gangs and Transnational Organized Crime. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-317-52410-6.
  166. ^ Barker, Thomas (April 24, 2018). The Outlaw Biker Legacy of Violence. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-351-05363-1.
  167. ^ "LA Outlaw Bikers". publicintelligence.net.
  168. ^ Speit, Andreas (March 31, 2014). "Drogenhandel im Rockermilieu: Koks nur für Deutsche". Die Tageszeitung: Taz.
  169. ^ "Vermögen der "Schwarze Schar Wismar" aufgelöst – wer das Geld der Rocker jetzt hat". January 8, 2023.
  170. ^ "Innenminister Caffier verbietet Rockerclub mit Wurzeln im Neonazi-Milieu | ENDSTATION RECHTS". Archived from the original on January 8, 2014.
  171. ^ "Prozessauftakt: Anführer von Ex-Rocker-Gruppe vor Gericht - WELT". August 24, 2017.
  172. ^ Handy, Ryan Maye (March 24, 2012). "Small, darker side of clubs casts shadow on bikers". Colorado Gazette. Archived from the original on October 7, 2012. Retrieved August 5, 2012.
  173. ^ "Sinn Fein Motorcycle Club base, Jepsen Grove, classified as a "gang fortification" in proposed District Plan".
  174. ^ "Memory Lane: Gang tensions erupt in Palmerston North". March 31, 2016.
  175. ^ Gangs and Guns: Is a Blanket Firearms Ban on otago.ac.nz BA Thesis 2017
  176. ^ "Prohibiting gang insignia on school property". Education in New Zealand. April 10, 2015.
  177. ^ "Carl Bradley: NZ street gangs are facing an influx of Australian outlaw bikers". NZ Herald. July 7, 2023.
  178. ^ "Report: White Supremacist Biker Gangs Growing Nationwide". Anti-Defamation League. Archived from the original on November 9, 2020. Retrieved December 19, 2019.
  179. ^ Barker, Thomas (2014). Biker Gangs and Transnational Organized Crime. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-317-52411-3.
  180. ^ "Bigots on Bikes: The Growing Links between White Supremacists and Biker Gangs" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on November 12, 2019. Retrieved October 14, 2019.
  181. ^ "Devil's Fire". Gangland (TV series). Season 4. Episode 2. February 12, 2009.
  182. ^ [https://info.publicintelligence.net/LA-OutlawBikers.pdf
  183. ^ "Evidence in trial against gang president 'like an episode of CSI'". Stuff. May 10, 2021.
  184. ^ "Family's message over Tribesmen gang member's funeral ride through Auckland's North Shore". Newshub – via www.newshub.co.nz.
  185. ^ "Tribesmen gang members slammed for riding bikes wrong way in Dunedin". NZ Herald. July 7, 2023.
  186. ^ "Ecstasy, stacks of cash and a motorcycle gang". RNZ. August 16, 2019.
  187. ^ Verfassungsschutz 2017 stmi.bayern.de (in German)
  188. ^ Stumberger, Rudolf (May 20, 2012). "Organisierte Kriminalität: Angriff der Rocker auf den Freistaat Bayern". Die Welt – via www.welt.de.
  189. ^ Fuchs, Florian (April 2, 2014). "Welche Rockerbanden in München agieren". Süddeutsche.de.
  190. ^ "The Philadelphia Tribune Story". April 25, 2009. Archived from the original on April 25, 2009. Retrieved March 27, 2018.
  191. ^ "Wheels Of Soul MC (Motorcycle Club)". One Percenter Bikers. December 29, 2015.
  192. ^ National Gang Threat Assessment 2011: Emerging Trends, United States Department of Justice, National Gang Intelligence Center, 2011, p. 58
  193. ^ "WOIO". Archived from the original on September 5, 2014. Retrieved October 28, 2014.
  194. ^ Ed Meyer. "Man gets third trial in killing". ohio.com. Archived from the original on October 28, 2014. Retrieved October 28, 2014.